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30 questions
The change in the curvature of the lens that enables the eye to focus on objects at various distances is called
accommodation
adaptation
conduction
convergence
consonance
Julia is practicing her trumpet and produces a loud sound. Which of the following is the best explanation for the loudness of the sound?
The sound has a long wavelength.
The sound has a short wavelength.
The sound has a high-amplitude sound wave.
The sound has a low-amplitude sound wave.
The sound is complex.
Which of the following refers to the photoreceptors responsible for color vision?
Rods
Cones
Optic nerves
Wavelengths
Hues
It can be assumed that an individual described as a supertaster
is a man
represents a majority of the United States population
has a low density of taste buds on the tongue
is very sensitive to hot peppers
learned to be a supertaster from others
The Gestalt principle that refers to an individual’s tendency to perceive an incomplete figure as whole is called
figure-ground
motion parallax
closure
proximity
shape constancy
Which of the following is the correct path a neural impulse will follow through the different layers of the retina?
Ganglion cells, bipolar cells, rods and cones, optic nerve
Bipolar cells, ganglion cells, rods and cones, optic nerve
Optic nerve, ganglion cells, bipolar cells, rods and cones
Rods and cones, ganglion cells, bipolar cells, optic nerve
Rods and cones, bipolar cells, ganglion cells, optic nerve
Negative afterimages are explained by
the trichromatic theory
color detection by rods
the opponent-process theory
a lack of adaptation
dichromatic color perception
Gustatory receptors are sensitive to all of the following taste qualities EXCEPT
bitter
sweet
salty
spicy
sour
One-year-old Marcus turns away in disgust if a bitter substance is placed on his tongue. The reason for such a reaction is most likely
an inborn distaste for bitter that protects us from potential poisons in the environment
an inherited familial characteristic
an example of imitation of behavior modeled by other family members
a classically conditioned taste aversion response
a common but temporary aversion to bitter tastes produced by cold viruses
A person is asked to listen to a series of tones presented in pairs and asked to say whether the tones in each pair are the same or different in pitch. In this situation, the experimenter is most likely measuring the individual's
sound localization ability
dichotic listening ability
difference threshold
echoic memory
attention span
Jason is attending a parade that features the local high school band. Jason’s friend Brent plays the trombone in the band. It is difficult for Jason to hear Brent play at the parade. Which of the following would best allow Jason to hear Brent’s trombone?
Sensory adaptation
Selective attention
Perceptual constancy
Weber’s law
Functional fixedness
When viewed from the window of a moving train, nearby objects seem to pass by more quickly than do more distant objects. This cue for depth perception is called
stroboscopic motion
motion parallax
motion constancy
linear perspective
the Müller-Lyer illusion
Climbing an irregular set of stairs is more difficult for an individual who wears a patch over one eye primarily because
some depth perception is lost
half of the visual field is missing
the ability to perceive interposition is lost
the patch disrupts the functioning of the vestibular system
the patch alters the ability of the open eye to compensate
Laura arrives at a park that is located very close to a factory that produces cookies. She immediately notices the strong odor of chocolate chip cookies, but after a while, she no longer detects the smell of the cookies. This can best be explained by which of the following?
Accommodation
Sensory adaptation
Weber's law
Assimilation
Phi phenomenon
Martin fell off his skateboard and badly bruised his elbow. He immediately began rubbing the area around the bruise until the pain subsided. This method of reducing pain can be explained by which of the following?
Gate-control theory
Opponent-process theory
Trichromatic theory
Expectancy theory
Phantom pain
Receptors that are especially important for helping a person maintain balance are located in the
gyrus cinguli
inner ear
tendons
ossicles
ligaments
Balance is influenced by the
cochlea
basilar membrane
eardrum
auditory nerve
semicircular canals
When Rosa has a cold, she cannot taste the flavor of her pizza. Which of the following psychological terms describes Rosa’s inability to taste?
Vestibular sense
Just-noticeable difference
Feature analysis
Optic chiasm
Sensory interaction
Feature detectors are neurons that are turned on or off by specific features of visual stimuli like edges and movement. Where in the visual system are these feature detectors located?
Occipital cortex
Retina
Optic chiasm
Lens
Cornea
Tina is reading an important letter when she accidentally splashes water on the paper. The water has smudged a few words, but she is still able to understand what the letter says. This can be explained by
top-down processing
bottom-up processing
parallel processing
retinal disparity
color constancy
BONUS! WHAT COLOR IS THE SKY?
the darkest blue
dark blue
blue
light blue
the lightest blue
eople listening to rock music played backward often perceive an evil message if specifically told what to listen for. That phenomenon best illustrates
A
parapsychology
parapsychology
complementary afterimages
perceptual constancy
perceptual adaptation
top-down processing
The coiled tube in the inner ear that contains the auditory receptors is called the
semicircular canal
ossicle
pinna
cochlea
oval window
Which of the following scenarios is most likely to result in impairment of the kinesthetic sense?
Severing of the corpus callosum
Destruction of part of the hypothalamus
Removal of a portion of the olfactory bulb
Damage to the cerebellum
A tumor in the somatosensory cortex
In the dark, an object is more clearly seen when viewed in peripheral vision than when viewed directly. This phenomenon occurs because the rods located in the retina are
more sensitive in the dark than cones and are not found in the fovea
less sensitive in the dark than cones and are not found in the fovea
as sensitive in the dark as cones and are few in number in the fovea
more numerous than cones are in the fovea
as numerous as cones are all over the retina
The perceived pitch of a tone is largely determined by its
loudness
timbre
amplitude
complexity
frequency
Which of the following is true about the blind spot in the eye?
It occurs where the optic nerve leaves the eye.
It is caused by an excess of bipolar cells in the retina.
It is most apparent in low levels of illumination.
It is stimulated only by high levels of illumination.
It is caused by a bleaching of rhodopsin in the rods.
The most common form of color blindness is related to deficiencies in the
blue-yellow system
red-green system
process of visual summation
bipolar cells
secretion of rhodopsin
A sound is often detected by one ear more intensely and a fraction of a second earlier than it is detected by the other ear. These cues help individuals determine the
pitch of the sound wave
timbre of the sound wave
absolute threshold for sound perception
frequency of the sound wave
location of the source
Receptors for olfaction are located
on the basilar membrane of the cochlea
in taste buds on the tongue
in the nasal cavity
in the esophagus
in the dermis
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