Have an account?
Skip to Content
Build your own quiz
41 questions
Show Answers
See Preview
- 1. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is not a feature of episodic memory?
Memory for specific events located at a specific time
Linked to the hippocampus
No mental time travel
Time machine
- 2. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is not a feature of semantic memory?
Memory for facts
Linked to the anterior frontal lobe
Linked to the anterior temporal lobe
Mental move backwards to relive earlier memories
- 3. Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements about schemas is false?
They are structured representation of knowledge about the world, events, people and actions
They are not influenced by social and cultural factors
They are used to make sense of new material
Scripts and frames are two types of schemas
- 4. Multiple Choice
In Bower, Black and Turner's 1979 study, how many respondents indicated that "look at menu" was a common event when going to a restaurant?
73%
48%
43%
78%
- 5. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is a criticism of Bartlett's "war of the Ghosts" study?
The participants were deceived and this violates ethical guidelines
The study has not been replicated
The sample size was too small
Vague instructions were given to the participants
- 6. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is NOT true with regards to Bartlett's "The war of the Ghosts" study?
Participants consistently made errors and distortions in their recall of the story
Participants consistently omitted details and made the story more coherent
The stories were based off of Australian Aborigines folk tales
The recalled stories tended to be more Westernised
- 7. Multiple Choice
In Bransford and Johnson's 1972 study, participants performed better when:
The extract was presented visually
They were given the title "Washing Clothes"
There was no title given to the extract
The extract was presented auditorally
- 8. Multiple Choice
In Sulin and Dooling's 1974 story, participants were more likely to recall a false positive:
After a short delay; reading about an unknown dictator (Gerald Martin)
After a short delay; reading about a known dictator (Adolf Hitler)
After a long delay; reading about an unknown dictator (Gerald Martin)
After a long delay; reading about a known dictator (Adolf Hitler)
- 9. Multiple Choice
Both Carmichael et al. (1932) and Bower et al. (1975)'s studies demonstrated what?
Schemas do not play a role in encoding and storage
That assigning meaning to stimuli affects the encoding and storage of that stimulus
Participants like to draw funny pictures
There was no significant difference in recall when a meaning was assigned to an stimulus
- 10. Multiple Choice
In Jenkins and Russell's 1952 study, they found that participants tended to:
Fail to recall unfamiliar words
Recall related words in a cluster
Recall words in a completely random order
Recall the words in the order in which they were presented
- 11. Multiple Choice
Pavio's dual-coding hypothesis states that:
(select all that are true)
Concrete nouns such as church are more memorable
Words with low imageability are more memorable, as there is only one encoding route, meaning that they are less likely to get muddled up during encoding
Verbs such as walk are more memorable
Words with high imageability are more memorable, as they can be encoded visually and verbally, which improves the chance of recall
- 12. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is NOT an element of Craik and Lockhart's 1972 Levels of Processing Theory?
Visual
Phonological
Elaborative
Semantic
- 13. Multiple Choice
Craik and Lockhart's Levels of Processing Theory predicts that:
Visual processing leads to best recall
Phonological processing leads to best recall
Semantic processing leads to best recall
- 14. Multiple Choice
Craik and Tulving (1975) DID NOT ask participants to make judgements about words based on:
The case of the word
How many syllables are in the word
How well the word fits into a sentence
If the word rhymed with another word
- 15. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is true about the Levels of Processing Theory?
Deeper processing improves recognition memory
The benefits of deeper processing have not been replicated
Deeper processing is better as it allows maintenance rehearsal to occur
The benefits of deeper processing disappear with incidental memory tests
- 16. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is a criticism of the Levels of Processing Theory?
It is difficult to define and measure
The features of levels of processing (i.e. visual phonological semantic) are processed simultaneously
Deeper processing may not be more memorable
All of the above
- 17. Multiple Choice
Transfer-appropriate processing theory states that:
The encoding specificity principle is wrong
The cues at encoding have little effect on retrieval
Semantic processing will always be the best way of encoding information
When the cues at encoding are similar to those at testing, retrieval should be improved
- 18. Multiple Choice
Which of the following most accurately represents the results of Kohler et al's study (2000)?
Recall of pictures was better when participants were tested using pictures
Recall of pictures was better when participants were tested using words
Recall of words was better when participants were tested using pictures
Recall of words was better when participants were tested using words
- 19. Multiple Choice
Which of the following most accurately represent the findings of Morris, Bransford and Franks 1977 study? Select all that apply
Recall was better when tested using a standard recognition task if participants were asked to make semantic judgements about words
Recall was better when tested using a rhyming recognition task if participants were asked to make semantic judgements about words
Recall was better when tested using a rhyming recognition task if participants were asked to make phonological judgements about words
Recall was better when tested using a standard recognition task if participants were asked to make phonological judgements about words
- 20. Multiple Choice
Why is deeper processing generally more advantageous, despite criticism?
It involves the use of maintenance rehearsal, which enhances long-term learning
It isn't more advantageous
It involves the use of elaborative rehearsal, which enhances long-term learning
Most recall uses semantic stimuli, therefore deeper processing appears to be better
- 21. Multiple Choice
Bower et al. (1969)'s theory of hierarchical organisation states that:
Recall is better when words are presented randomly
Recall is better when words are grouped with unrelated words
Recall is better when words are organised hierarchically
Organisation has little effect on recall.
- 22. Multiple Choice
Tulving (1962) proposed that what method benefited memory?
Categorising
Chuffing
Chugging
Chunking
- 23. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is not a factor that determines whether items are chunked together?
Linked to a common associate
The number of syllables the word has
Form the same semantic category
Form a logical hierarchical structure
- 24. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is true about the hierarchical network model (Collins & Quallian, 1969)
[insert funny wrong answer here]
Major concepts are represented as associations
More specific concepts are located at the top of the hierarchy
Major concepts are represented as nodes
- 25. Multiple Choice
In Collins and Quallian's 1969 sentence verification task, if the properties being asked about are not directly linked to the node being asked about (for example, "A canary has skin"), reaction time decreased.
True
False
- 26. Multiple Choice
Which of the following are criticisms of the hierarchical model?
When familiarity is controlled, the hierarchical distance effect is reduced.
Some of the sentences used in the sentence verification tasks were unusual and unfamiliar.
Verification tends to be faster for more reprensentative category members, regardless of the hierarchical distance.
All of the above
- 27. Multiple Choice
In McNamara's 1992 sentence priming task, which of the following is true (select all that apply):
Reaction times were slower when the targets were more closely linked to the prime.
Reaction times were faster when the targets were less closely linked to the prime
Reaction times were slower when the targets were less closely linked to the prime
Reaction times were faster when the targets were more closely linked to the prime
- 28. Multiple Choice
In the Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm, participants often recalled a false positive - they claimed to have studied a word that was linked to other studied words, but they had not actually studied said word.
True
False
- 29. Multiple Choice
The spreading activation model is more flexible than the hierarchical network model - what implications does this have (select all that apply)
It can account for more empirical findings
It makes it much easier to test
It makes it more difficult to test
One of the pros of flexibility is that the model is less specific
- 30. Multiple Choice
Which of the following are limitations of the spreading activation model?
The idea that each concept is represented as a single node is oversimplified
There is no consensus on how to measure semantic distance
The situation in which we encounter concepts changes the processing of them, meaning they may not have a fixed mental representation
All of the above
- 31. Multiple Choice
Which of the following are properties incorporated in the situated simulation theory?
Motor properties
Perceptual properties
Semantic properties
Edible properties
- 32. Multiple Choice
Barsalou's 2009 study demonstrated what:
People like bicycles
The perceptual and motor properties of a bicycle are often linked
I've been working on this three hours straight now and im slightly losing the plot
That the activated aspects of "bicycle" represent current goals (e.g. buying, changing wheel)
- 33. Multiple Choice
One of the criticisms with situated simulation theory is that the properties of the concepts being addressed may be secondary to the meaning of the property.
True
False
- 34. Multiple Choice
The idea that semantic memories are represented in the brain as whole objects is a part of the:
Grandmother Cell Hypothesis
Feature-Based Approach
Hub-And-Spoke Model
Situated Simulation Theory
- 35. Multiple Choice
The idea that there are modality-independent representations and modality-specific brain areas is part of:
Grandmother Cell Hypothesis
Feature-Based Approach
Hub-and-Spoke Model
Spreading Activation Model
- 36. Multiple Choice
The idea that types of nodes (such as all living things) are grouped together is part of:
Grandmother Cell Hypothesis
Feature-Based Approach
Hub-and-Spoke Model
Episodic memory
- 37. Multiple Choice
The idea that all visual information is stored in a particular part of the brain is part of the:
Grandmother Cell Hypothesis
Feature-Based Approach
Hub-and-Spoke Model
Semantic memory
- 38. Multiple Choice
Ishibashi et al. (2018) found in their tDCS study that:
Applying tDCS to the IPL enhanced only tool function questions
Applying tDCS to the IPL enhanced only tool manipulation questions
Applying tDCS to the ATL enhanced only tool function questions
Applying tDCS to the ATL enhanced only tool manipulation questions
- 39. Multiple Choice
Damage to the ATL caused:
General semantic deficits (e.g. for naming objects)
Category-specific deficits (e.g. for naming living objects)
- 40. Multiple Choice
Damage to the IPL caused:
General semantic deficits (e.g. naming objects)
Category-specific deficits (e.g. naming living objects)
- 41. Multiple Choice
Which of the following are limitations with regards to the hub-and-spoke model?
The role of the anterior temporal lobe is less complex
The description of intergration of information between the spokes and the hub is too well defined
There are too many spokes
It is unclear whether familiarity affects organisation within the hub
- Answer choicesTagsAnswer choicesTags