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- 1. Multiple Choice
A likert scale question is a type of closed question which asks participants to...
Mark how they feel or what they think about an issue by indicating their position between two polar opposites such as secure at one end of the scale and insecure at the other end.
Indicate the extent to which they agree which a statement by circling or ticking a box where the options range from strongly disagree to strongly agree
give a detailed answer in their own words
order a series of items in terms, of how important they are to them
- 2. Multiple Choice
A semantic differential is a type of closed question which assesses attitudes, opinions an feelings by asking participants to...
Mark how they feel or what they think about an issue by indicating their position between two polar opposites such as secure at one end of the scale and insecure at the other end.
Indicate the extent to which they agree which a statement by circling or ticking a box where the options range from strongly disagree to strongly agree
give a detailed answer in their own words
order a series of items in terms, of how important they are to them
- 3. Multiple Choice
The use of standardised instructions is important as this improves the...
subjectivity of the results
reliability of the results
external validity of the results
analysis of the results
- 4. Multiple Choice
Ethical considerations relating to questionnaires include
ensuring that participants do not have to waste their time asking irrelevant questions
ensuring that the participants understands that they have the right to withdraw and know how to contact the researcher in case they change their mind
ensuring that data is stored securely, that participants confidentiality is maintained and that data is not used for any purpose other than the current research
all of these options
- 5. Multiple Choice
It is important that questionnaires are not too long as this could jeopardise...
the validity of the responses given
the reliability of the responses given
the objectivity of the responses given
the ethics of the study
- 6. Multiple Choice
A frequent problem with closed questions is that researchers do not consider the full range of answers that a participant may wish to give meaning Pps are forced to give answers which do not reflect their experiences. This limits the ...
the validity of the study
the reliability of the study
the objectivity of the study
the ethics of the study
- 7. Multiple Choice
Questionnaires can be subject to demand characteristics. This is because...
It is hard to design questions which do not give away what the study is about
it is not ethical to ‘hide’ critical questions away amidst lots of irrelevant items
participants are always told the exact aim and hypothesis in questionnaire studies
the researcher is usually with the participant when they fill the questionnaire in
- 8. Multiple Choice
Questionnaire are deemed to have fairly high reliability because...
they ask a wide range of questions which allow the researcher to access a lot of information
they can be given to a large number of people
they can be administered under controlled conditions and following a standardised format which means that they can be replicated
participants are often allowed the opportunity to express their thoughts, feeling and opinions in their own words and this provides rich and detailed information.
- 9. Multiple Choice
The validity of questionnaires including fixed responses (closed) questions may be dubious unless...
a large number of questionnaires are issued
the researcher conducts a pilot study first and asks for feedback on the range of alternative answers provided
the researcher conducts a focus group first where potential participants can discuss the general research aims and give their ideas about how the questions and answers should be phrased
the results can be replicated
- 10. Multiple Choice
Qualitative data is analysed by...
examining the participants responses very carefully and searching for themes and relationships between the themes.
calculating percentages, measures of central tendency and measures of dispersion
drawing flow charts and other diagrams
constructing tables and graphs
- 11. Multiple Choice
Quantitative data is analysed by...
examining the participants responses very carefully and searching for themes and relationships between the themes.
calculating percentages, measures of central tendency and measures of dispersion
drawing flow charts and other diagrams
constructing tables and graphs
- 12. Multiple Choice
A strength of qualitative data is that ...
It is easy to replicate
It is easy to analyse
It is not constrained by the researcher’s expectations
it is not affected by leading questions
- 13. Multiple Choice
A weakness of qualitative data is that...
it can be considered unscientific because the focus is on the construction of meaning and this is individual to both the participant and to the researcher
it can be considered subjective as the researcher selects quotes which support emergent themes
it is not easy to replicate and thus reliability may be hard to establish
it is very detailed and some of the things participants say might be meaningless
- 14. Multiple Choice
A strength of quantitative data is that it is...
easy to analyse
easy to replicate
generally valid
generalisable
- 15. Multiple Choice
Questionnaires contain only closed questions
true
false
- 16. Multiple Choice
A good questionnaire, i.e that produces valid data may contain...
leading questions
open questions
ambiguous questions
irrelevant (filler) questions
- 17. Multiple Choice
Complex, probing or personal questions generally should come....
later in the questionaire
earlier in the questionnaire
- 18. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is a good idea in order to improve the validity of your questionnaire?
a pilot study
large sample
leading questions
double-barrelled questions
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