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25 questions
Leadership is best defined as ________.
the ability to merely project one's abilities in the lack of actual accomplishments
the ability to reduce the dependence of team members on each other
the ability to induce the team members to focus on individual goals rather than collective goals
the ability to influence a group toward the achievement of a vision or set of goals
the ability to use factors like training and experience to reduce dependence on formal leadership
Which of the following statements regarding leadership is true?
Which of the following statements regarding leadership is true?
Which of the following statements regarding leadership is true?
Formal appointment is essential in creating leaders.
All leaders are hierarchically superior to followers.
Nonsanctioned leadership is as important as formal influence.
Which of the following is a desirable feature of leadership?
one-directional influence from the leader to the follower
coercive power and authority
lack of freedom
coexistence of leaders and managers
passivity of followers
Trait theories of leadership focus on ________.
the special relationship that leaders establish with a small group of their followers
the personal qualities and characteristics that differentiate leaders from nonleaders
the way the leader makes decisions
the extent to which followers are willing and able to accomplish a specific task
the match between the leader's style and the degree to which the situation gives the leader control
Which of the following Big Five personality traits has been identified as the most important trait in effective leaders?
conscientiousness
openness
extraversion
agreeableness
emotional stability
Emotional intelligence (EI) is critical to effective leadership because one of its core components is ________, which reflects the consideration that leaders must be able to express.
conscientiousness
empathy
optimism
introversion
perfectionism
Trait theories most accurately predict ________.
distinguishing features of an effective leader
differences between an effective and an ineffective leader
success of a leader
roles to be played by the leader
emergence of a leader
Tim Wrench was leading the client services division of AmWeb for seven years when he was asked to move to another region where the company was setting up its office. Before moving, Tim was asked to help in finding a successor for him from his team. Tim's most obvious choice was Judy Judge, and the management accepted his choice as Judy was a popular person across the company. Judy was known for her vivacious nature, was often seen speaking to employees from various divisions, and was always excited to take up a new opportunity. Once she became a leader, she continued to give employees freedom and flexibility even if it resulted in deficiencies on the work front like missed deadlines or low quality. Judy's initial weeks as a leader were full of confusion among her team members, but many felt that the situation would come under control. When things did not improve in the next two months and many complaints poured in from clients, the management realized that Judy was not the best candidate to lead the team. Which of the following, if true, would best explain this outcome?
Judy was a high-performing employee and enjoyed good relationships with everyone on the team.
Everyone felt Judy was given insufficient time to prove her worth as a leader.
Research has shown that traits can predict the emergence of a leader, but not his or her efficiency as a leader.
The client complaints were a common thing encountered by the company.
Judy demonstrated low levels of consideration and high levels of task-orientation.
According to the Big Five personality model, emotional stability is the most important trait of effective leaders.
True
False
Trait theories of leadership most accurately predict the emergence and appearance of leadership.
True
False
The Ohio State Studies narrowed the independent dimensions of leader behavior to two that substantially accounted for most of the leadership behavior described by employees: consideration and ________.
employee-orientation
empathy
constructing vision
initiating structure
charisma
In the context of behavioral dimensions of leadership identified in the Ohio State Studies, initiating structure refers to the extent to which ________.
a person's job relationships are characterized by mutual trust, respect for employees' ideas, and regard for their feelings
a leader engages in participative management
a leader is accepting of and respects individual differences among various team members
a leader is likely to define and organize his or her role and those of employees in the search for goal attainment
a leader initiates efforts to communicate personally with employees
Adrian Atwood, a senior manager at MNC, spends a lot of his time assigning group members to particular tasks and scheduling their work such that deadlines are achievable. Adrian also sets high expectations for standards of performance and holds regular meetings to ensure that productivity and quality are up to the mark. In the light of the Ohio State Studies, this indicates that Adrian, as a leader, is ________.
low in task orientation
high in consideration
relationship oriented
employee oriented
high in initiating structure
In the context of behavioral dimensions of leadership identified in the Ohio State Studies, ________ is the extent to which a person's job relationships are characterized by mutual trust, respect for employees' ideas, and regard for their feelings.
consideration
transaction
authentication
task orientation
identification
Nellie Fritz, the head of client support services at Olson Inc., is very popular among her subordinates. Many believe that Nellie has a knack for getting the work done without making the employees feel pushed into a corner. She is often seen speaking to her subordinates and support staff about their families, helping them with any personal problems they have, and praising employees for their good work. In light of the Ohio State Studies, this indicates that Nellie, as a leader, is ________.
task oriented
high in consideration
low in trust propensity
low in relationship orientation
production oriented
The Ohio State Studies started with more than a thousand dimensions of leader behavior.
True
False
The Ohio State Studies narrowed a list of more than a thousand dimensions to just one that accounted for most of the leadership behavior described by employees: participation.
True
False
The behavioral theories view leadership as a set of actions that people can be trained in.
True
False
Contingency theories focus on the ________ that impact leadership success.
personality variables
leader's abilities to inspire and transform followers
situational variables
values and ethics
features of the followers
Which of the following theories of leadership is based on situational variables?
attribution theory
trait theories
charismatic leadership theory
path-goal theory
behavioral theories
The least preferred co-worker (LPC) questionnaire is used to measure whether ________.
the followers are able and willing
a leader is task- or relationship-oriented
the members are in the ingroup or out-group
employees prefer servant leadership over situational leadership
the leader is high on the dimension of conscientiousness
Dora Lee has just completed and scored the LPC questionnaire given to her during an evaluation exercise. She is surprised when she finds out that she described her least preferred co- worker in relatively positive terms because she recalls being particularly annoyed by this difficult co-worker several times in the past. Based on your understanding of Fiedler's model, you explain to Dora that her LPC score makes sense within the model because ________.
Dora tends to become very dominating when given ambiguous tasks
Dora is usually much more focused on productivity than on developing relationships
Dora tends in general to focus on building good relationships with the other employees
Dora has a spotty work history and has tended to switch jobs every couple of years
Dora is usually chosen for positions of high responsibility within your organization
Fiedler's contingency model assumes that ________.
an individual's leadership style is essentially fixed
an individual is constantly striving to develop a more productive style
an individual's leadership is primarily determined by the features of the followers
an individual's leadership style can be altered much like his or her personality traits
an individual's leadership style must be task oriented to be effective
Fiedler defines the degree of confidence, trust, and respect that subordinates have in their leader as ________.
leader-member relations
task structure
positional power
follower variables
path-goal frameworks
Trevor Guerney is a manager who believes that those who are to be affected by a change must be involved in the change. Consequently, he always ensures that his subordinates have the knowledge of what is happening around them, and he often holds meetings to obtain employee opinion and suggestions before making any decision that would apply to them. Similarly, Trevor's team proactively approaches him with problems and potential solutions as they know he will not respond by criticizing them. From the information provided in the scenario, we can say that ________.
Trevor's leadership is primarily task-oriented
Trevor's team has a low degree of trust propensity
Trevor's team requires more directive leadership
Trevor's team has positive leader-member relations
Trevor's team is unsatisfied with his power position
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