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20 questions
Engineers use a design process to invent or improve machines. What is the first step in this design process?
Make a prototype of the design.
Make a graph to show how well the design worked.
Keep notes and drawings of the design throughout the process.
Identify a need or problem to be solved.
A student team designs a device to meet a human need. Then the students build a prototype.
Which of these best describes the purpose of a prototype?
to develop ideas for a solution
to show how the design will look
to test the quality of the conclusions
to see whether it meets design criteria
What are the standards that help engineers determine how well a design is doing its job?
Data
Criteria
Models
Prototypes
Why should engineers test their designs?
to find ways to improve their designs
to make them smaller and more compact
to change the design to be more profitable
to discover solutions to problems that have not yet occurred
What is the purpose of a prototype?
to gather data
to test a design
to identify a problem
to communicate results
Which is a true statement about the work of engineers and the work of scientists?
Engineers analyze data, and scientists do not.
Scientists often work in teams, and engineers do not.
Both follow a series of steps to find solutions to problems.
Why do scientists follow the design process?
to find solutions to problems
to understand how Earth formed
to practice making measurements
to use the same solution for every problem.
Engineers designed a machine that will decrease air pollution. What is the main purpose of telling others about this machine?
to build a prototype
to gather data about a problem
to keep people from copying the design
to help other people solve the same problem
Jason and Luis have designed and tested a tool to help them construct a backyard birdhouse. Now they are writing a summary of their conclusions.
What will these conclusions communicate?
whether the data reflected the purpose
whether the prototype met the criteria
whether the design matched the model
whether the design process created the data
An endoscope is a probe that doctors use to examine parts of the body from the inside.
Which scientific word describes an endoscope?
Inquiry
Technology
Knowledge
Observation
Every technology has some risks.
For example, cars cause some types of air pollution.
Which option lists a technology and its risk?
cell phones: air pollution
dishwasher: risk of disease
computer games: less exercise
Which is the correct definition of a tradeoff?
Giving up one feature to gain another
Changing a design feature due to people's needs
Making sure a design gives people everything they want
Adding many features to a design
The objects on Maria’s shelves are disorganized and often fall to the floor. She thinks of four ways to solve this problem and numbers her designs 1, 2, 3, and 4. For each design, she builds a prototype and tests it. She records data on how well each design meets her criteria.
Which design best meets Maria’s criteria?
design 1
design 2
design 3
design 4
Engineers want to develop a more efficient dishwasher by decreasing the running time and the amount of water used per cycle. They design and test four different dishwasher prototypes. The bar graph shows the results of their tests.
Which model best meets the design criteria?
model A
model B
model C
model D
An engineer designed four braces to offer comfort and support for people who have had knee surgery. The table shows the results from a survey of 100 people who tried the four prototype braces.
Which conclusion can be made from the information in the table?
Brace A is preferred by a majority of the people surveyed.
Brace C would be the best choice for comfort and support.
Brace B would most likely keep people from becoming injured again.
Brace D is the brace that can most likely be improved by further design.
Which technology would help a town reduce the air pollution it creates?
gas lamps on city streets
coal-burning stoves for heat
cars that run on electric power
The invention of technologies such as cars, buses, trains, and airplanes has changed the way society travels.
Identify two examples of ways that people’s lives have improved as a result of these technologies.
People can travel long distances in a shorter amount of time than in the past.
Trains or airplanes transport any products. We can get food and goods from all over the world.
The invention of technologies such as cars, buses, trains, and airplanes has changed the way society travels.
Identify an example of a negative effect of these technologies
People don’t do as much walking/exercise
Pollution
Mr. Ruiz’s class built a ramp and measured how fast a car traveled down the ramp.
Explain how to improve the design so a car will travel faster down the ramp.
Make the ramp steeper.
Build it out of a different material
Mr. Ruiz’s class built a ramp and measured how fast a car traveled down the ramp.
Explain how to improve the design so more than one car can go down the ramp at the same time.
Build a wider ramp so more than one car could travel down it at the same time.
Build another ramp to put next to first ramp.
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