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- 1. Multiple Choice
The molecule with the largest dipole moment
CO2
H20
CH4
C2H4
- 2. Multiple Choice
A particle-level diagram of a metallic element is shown above. Typically, metals are both malleable and ductile. The best explanation for these properties is that the electrons involved in bonding among metal atoms are
unequally shared and form nondirectional bonds
unequally shared and form highly directional bonds
equally shared and form nondirectional bonds
equally shared and form highly directional bonds
- 3. Multiple Choice
The melting point of MgO is higher than that of NaF. Explanations for this observation include which of the following?
I. Mg2+ is more positively charged than Na+.
II. O2- is more negatively charged than F-.
III. The O2- ion is smaller than the F- ion.
II only
I and II only
I and III only
II and III only
- 4. Multiple Choice
the energy required to dissociate an ionic solid into gaseous ions (lattice energy) for the compounds NaF and MgF2 is shown in the table above. On the basis of Coulomb's law, which of the following best helps to explain the large difference between the lattice energies of NaF and MgF2 ?
The solubility of MgF2 is less than that of NaF.
The electronegativity of Mg is greater than that of Na.
The mass of the Mg cation is greater than that of the Na cation.
The charge of the Mg cation is larger than that of the Na cation.
- 5. Multiple Choice
Which of the following has a zero dipole moment?
HCN
NH3
SO2
NO2
PF5
- 6. Multiple Choice
which of the following lewis dot diagrams describe the molecules that are the most polar?
ClF
BrF
CS2
BF3
- 7. Multiple Choice
Two pure elements react to form a compound. One element is an alkali metal, X, and the other element is a halogen, Z. Which of the following is the most valid scientific claim that can be made about the compound?
It has the formula XZ2.
It does not dissolve in water.
It contains ionic bonds.
It contains covalent bonds.
- 8. Multiple Choice
Has a trigonal-pyramidal molecular geometry
H2O
NH3
BH3
CH4
SiH4
- 9. Multiple Choice
Which of the following scientific claims about the bond in the molecular compound HF is most likely to be true?
There is a partial negative charge on the H atom.
Electrons are shared equally between the H and F atoms.
The bond is extremely weak.
The bond is highly polar.
- 10. Multiple Choice
The lattice energy of a salt is related to the energy required to separate the ions. For which of the following pairs of ions is the energy that is required to separate the ions largest? (Assume that the distance between the ions in each pair is equal to the sum of the ionic radii.)
NaCl
CaBr
MgO
CaO
- 11. Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements, if true, would support the claim that the NO3− ion, represented above, has three resonance structures?
The NO3− ion is not a polar species.
The oxygen-to-nitrogen-to-oxygen bond angles are 90°.
One of the bonds in NO3− is longer than the other two.
One of the bonds in NO3− is shorter than the other two.
- 12. Multiple Choice
Which of the following molecules contains polar covalent bonds but is a nonpolar molecule?
CH3Cl
CH2Cl2
NH3
CCl4
N2
- 13. Multiple Choice
Reaction 1: CaC2(s) + 2 H2O(l) → C2H2(g) + Ca(OH)2(s)
Reaction 2: NaOCl(aq) + 2 HCl(aq) → Cl2(g) + NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)
Reaction 3: C2H2(g) + Cl2(g) → C2H2Cl2(g)
When Reaction 3 occurs, does the hybridization of the carbon atoms change?
Yes; it changes from sp to sp2.
Yes; it changes from sp to sp3.
Yes; it changes from sp2 to sp3.
No; it does not change
- 14. Multiple Choice
Resonance is most commonly used to describe the bonding in molecules of which of the following?
CO2
O3
H2O
CH4
- 15. Multiple Choice
H - C ≡ C - H
What is the hybridization of the carbon atoms in a molecule of ethyne, represented above?
sp
sp2
sp3
dsp2
d2sp
- 16. Multiple Choice
The elements C and Se have the same electronegativity value, 2.55. Which of the following claims about the compound that forms from C and Se is most likely to be true?
The carbon-to-selenium bond is unstable.
The carbon-to-selenium bond is nonpolar covalent.
The compound has the empirical formula CSeCSe.
A molecule of the compound will have a partial negative charge on the carbon atom.
- 17. Multiple Choice
On the basis of the information above, which of the following arranges the binary compounds in order of increasing bond polarity?
CH4 < SiCl4 < SF4
CH4 < SF4 < SiCl4
SF4 < CH4 < SiCl4
SiCl4 < SF4 < CH4
- 18. Multiple Choice
Which of the following compounds contains both ionic and covalent bonds?
SO3
C2H5OH
MgF2
H2S
NH4Cl
- 19. Multiple Choice
The hybridization of the carbon atoms in CH6 can be described as
sp
sp2
sp3
dsp2
d2sp
- 20. Multiple Choice
The molecule with only one double bond
CO2
H2O
CH4
C2H4
PH3
- 21. Multiple Choice
Which of the molecules represented below contains carbon with sp2 hybridization?
CH4
CH2Cl2
C2H6
C2H2Cl2
C2H4Cl2
- 22. Multiple Choice
Which of the following correctly indicates whether the solid represented by the particulate model shown above conducts electricity and explains why or why not?
It conducts electricity because it is made of positive and negative ions.
It conducts electricity because it is made of particles of different sizes.
It does not conduct electricity because its ions cannot move freely within the solid.
It does not conduct electricity because there are small spaces between the particles.
- 23. Multiple Choice
On the basis of electronegativity differences between atoms, which of the following scientific claims is the most accurate regarding the bonding in Mg(NO3)2?
There is polar covalent bonding between Mg atoms and N atoms.
There is polar covalent bonding between Mg and O atoms.
There is ionics bonding between N5+ ions and O2- ions.
There is ionic bonding between Mg2+ ions and NO3- ions.
- 24. Multiple Choice
Which of the following claims about a binary compound in which the bonding is ionic is most likely to be scientifically valid?
Both elements in the compound are metals.
The atomic masses of the elements in the compound are relatively small.
There is equal sharing of electrons between the atoms of the elements in the compound.
The electronegativity difference between the elements in the compound is relatively large.
- 25. Multiple Choice
Which of the following claims about a binary compound composed of elements with the same electronegativity is most likely to be true?
The compound has properties similar to those of both elements.
The bonding in the compound is nonpolar covalent.
The boiling point of the compound is above 1000 °C.
The compound contains strong ionic bonds.
- 26. Multiple Choice
The particulate-level diagram shown above best helps to explain which of the following properties of ionic solids?
Density
Brittleness
Malleability
Conductivity
- 27. Multiple Choice
Based on the Lewis diagram for NH3 shown, the H-N-H bond angle is closest to which of the following?
60°
90°
109.5°
120°
- 28. Multiple Choice
Which molecule is correctly matched with its shape as predicted by VSEPR theory?
PCl3 - trigonal pyramidal
OF2 - linear
ClF3 - trigonal planar
SF6 - hexagonal
- 29. Multiple Choice
Based on formal charges, which of the following is the best lewis dot diagram for H3NO?
- 30. Multiple Choice
Which of the diagrams above best represents the CH2O molecule, and why?
Diagram 1, because all bond angles are 180°.
Diagram 1, because all atoms have a formal charge of 0.
Diagram 2, because the molecule has a trigonal pyramidal shape.
Diagram 2, because all atoms have a formal charge of 0.
- 31. Multiple Choice
Which of the following indicates whether the solid substance represented by the particulate diagram shown above conducts electricity and explains why or why not?
It conducts electricity because it is made of positive and negative particles.
It conducts electricity because electrons are free to move through the substance.
It does not conduct electricity because electrons are strongly attracted to specific positive particles.
It does not conduct electricity because the positive particles are not free to move through the substance.
- 32. Multiple Choice
The molecular shape of BrF3 is:
trigonal bipyramidal
see-saw
t-shaped
linear
trigonal planar
- 33. Multiple Choice
How many sigma and pi bonds are present in the following molecule?
8 sigma bonds and 1 pi bond
8 sigma bonds and 2 pi bonds
10 sigma bonds and 2 pi bonds
11 sigma bonds and 2 pi bonds
11 sigma bonds and 1 pi bond
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