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- 1. Multiple Choice
Matter is a substance that has volume and mass. Volume means that it takes up space. Mass is the amount of matter something is made of. Mass can be measured in kilograms, grams or milligrams. Matter comes in three basic states: solid, liquid and gas. A fourth state, plasma, only occurs under very special circumstances.
All substances are made of matter, and matter itself is made up of particles, including single atoms and/or molecules. Because different atoms have varying numbers of protons and neutrons in their nucleus, the matter of different substances contains different masses.
Density is the amount of matter a substance has in a given amount of space. Density is a useful measure because it isn't affected by pressure or temperature. If two objects have equal volume, but one has more mass, the one with more mass is denser. If a something has less density than a liquid, it will float on top of it; if it's denser, it will sink.
Oil is less dense than water. What happens when you mix the two liquids together?
oil sinks to the bottom
The two become one smooth mixture.
The oil floats on top of the water.
The water turns to gas inside the oil.
- 2. Multiple Choice
Phase is the state of matter at a given temperature and pressure. There are four possible phases for most substances: solid, liquid, gaseous and plasma. Phase is caused by the force of the attraction between a substance's particles (all substances are composed of molecules and atoms that are actually moving at all times). The phase of a substance changes when a certain amount of energy and/or pressure is applied to it. Take liquid water, for example. If you lower the temperature on liquid water, it freezes to become a solid: ice. Raising the temperature on ice will cause it to melt, returning it to its former phase. In its gaseous state, it is water vapor.
When you melt an ice cube, what is the new phase of the water?
plasma
liquid
gas
solid
- 3. Multiple Choice
A solid is a substance that has a definite shape and volume. The volume of a solid object is measured in cubic units. Cubic means it has three dimensions (height, length and depth). The volume of a solid object is measured with a formula of length times width times depth. (L x W x D = V). In solids, the atoms and molecules are close together, creating a strong attraction between them. These particles vibrate in place but do not flow or move around, so the solid object maintains its shape and volume.
A liquid is a substance that has a definite volume, but no definite shape. It takes on the shape of its container or simply spreads out upon a surface (think of a spilled glass of milk). The volume of a liquid is usually measured in liters or milliliters. In a liquid state, substances can change their shape because their atoms or molecules have more energy than they do in a solid state. This means that these particles are moving fast enough to overcome some of the force of attraction between them, thus allowing the liquid to flow.
Which of these is a difference between a solid and a liquid?
Solids are made of atoms, but liquids are not.
A solid has volume but not shape, while a liquid has shape but not volume.
The particles in a solid vibrate in place, while a liquid’s particles can flow.
Solids are measured in three dimensions, but liquids are only measured in two.
- 4. Multiple Choice
A gas is a substance that has no definite shape and no definite volume. When put into a closed container, gases take both the shape and volume of that container. The particles in a gas move so quickly and have so much energy that they can break away completely from each other. If a container expands, the particles of the gas within it can move farther apart and expand the volume of the gas to fit the container. If more pressure is added inside a container, the particles of gas move closer together and contract. This happens when you pump air into a basketball, making it feel harder and harder.
Plasma is a special state of matter that, like gas, does not have a definite shape or volume. Under plasma's unique conditions, energy has caused the particles of the substance to break apart. Some plasma is extremely hot, such as in the flames of a fire. Some forms of plasma can be created by passing an electric charge through a gas. Unlike regular gas, plasma is affected by electric and magnetic fields. The glow of a fluorescent light is created when electric current is pumped through a gas contained in a glass tube.
When you pump a bicycle tire, what is happening to the particles inside the tire?
They are moving faster and faster, making the tire feel more full.
They are moving farther and farther apart, which is what expands the tire.
They are moving closer together and contracting, filling the tire and making it more firm.
Nothing, because pumping in more air does not affect the particles inside.
- 5. Multiple Choice
All substances are composed of molecules and atoms that are actually moving at all times. Phase is caused by the force of the attraction between a substance's particles.
Substances can change their phase when heat energy or pressure is added or removed. Vaporization (or evaporation) is the change from liquid to gas. This happens when a liquid is heated to its boiling point. The less pressure there is on a liquid, the lower the boiling point. Water boils at 212°F (100°C) at sea level, but on top of a mile-high mountain, it boils at 203°F (95°C).
The condensation point is the temperature at which a gas can become a liquid again. It's the same temperature as the boiling point. Freezing is the change of state from a liquid to a solid by removing enough energy. Melting is the change back to liquid. Some substances can change directly from a solid to a gaseous state. This is called sublimation.
The change from a solid to a gas is called
boiling
freezing
sublimation
melting
- 6. Multiple Choice
Solubility is the ability of a substance to dissolve, or uniformly mix, into another. The mixture that results is called a solution. It is made of two parts: the solute, which is the substance that is dissolved, and the solvent, which is the substance that does the dissolving. When making hot tea, the water is the solvent, and the sugar is the solute. If a substance cannot dissolve in a given liquid, we say it is insoluble. If it can be dissolved, it is soluble.
The amount of solute dissolved in a solution is called its concentration. The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent at a given temperature is its solubility. The speed at which a solute can be dissolved can be sped up by mixing it, heating it or by using smaller particles of solute. If you drop a chunk of salt in a glass of water, it will take a while to dissolve. But if you sprinkle small grains of salt from a salt shaker, or if you stir or heat the water, the salt will dissolve faster.
What does it mean when we say a substance is water-soluble?
The substance cannot be dissolved in water.
The substance is always a solvent.
The substance can be dissolved in water.
The substance is already a solution.
- 7. Multiple Choice
Matter is a substance that has ?
mass and volume
conductivity and buoyancy
density and buoyancy
solubility and conductivty
- 8. Multiple Choice
Which state of matter requires special conditions to form and is affected by electric and magnetic fields?
solid
liquid
gas
plasma
- 9. Multiple Choice
In a ______, molecules are close together and vibrate but do not flow.
solid
liquid
gas
plasma
- 10. Multiple Choice
An object's weight is measured in ______________-
meters
kilowatts
newtons
millititers
- 11. Multiple Choice
A substance that has a definite shape and a definite volume is a _____________
plasma
liquid
gas
solid
- 12. Multiple Choice
In a _________________-, substances has no definite volume and particles move very quickly.
solid
liquid
gas
- 13. Multiple Choice
When a liquid changes into a solid, it is ________________
freezing
evaporating
sublimating
conducting
- 14. Multiple Choice
Condensation is a process through which a gas becomes a
solid
liquid
gas
plasma
- 15. Multiple Choice
The temperature at which a liquid turns into a gas or vapor is called
boiling point
conduction point
condensation point
freezing point
- 16. Multiple Choice
When a substance changes from a liquid to a gas, it is
conducting
freezing
evaporating
sublimating
- 17. Multiple Choice
The boiling point is....
a measurement of the amount of matter something has
a
condition or phase of matter.
the temperature at which a liquid begins to bubble and become steam.
- 18. Multiple Choice
Gas is....
a state of matter that is not liquid or solid or a substance that has this form. It has no fixed shape or volume.
the amount of space that a three-dimensional object occupies. It is measured in cubic units.
the temperature at which a liquid begins to bubble and become steam.
- 19. Multiple Choice
Liquid is...
the temperature at which a liquid begins to bubble and become steam.
a state of matter similar to a gas but with different characteristics because the electrons are more loose than in gasses. This gives it special electrical and magnetic properties.
a form of matter that is not a solid or gas. It has a fixed volume but not a fixed shape
- 20. Multiple Choice
What is matter?
a
measurement of the amount of matter something has
the
physical substance that everything is made of.
a
condition or phase of matter.
- 21. Multiple Choice
Volume is defined as....
the amount of space that a three-dimensional object occupies. It is measured in cubic units.
a condition or phase of matter.
a measurement of the amount of matter something has
- 22. Multiple Choice
Plasma is
a state of matter similar to a gas but with different characteristics because the electrons are more loose than in gasses. This gives it special electrical and
magnetic properties.
a television screen
a state of matter that is not liquid or solid or a substance that has this form. Itc has no fixed shape or volume.
- 23. Open Ended
Give an example of surface tension.
- 24. Multiple Choice
Vaporization is....
the result of being made more compact or dense.
the rapid change of water into steam
to become liquid.
the exertion of force upon a surface by an object, fluid, etc., in contact with it:
- 25. Multiple Choice
A good description of surface tension is
the result of being made more compact or dense.
the tension of the surface film of a liquid caused by the attraction of the particles in the surface layer by the bulk of the liquid, which tends to minimize surface area.
- 26. Multiple Choice
Check all the chemical properties. This is not an exhaustive list.
reactivity
malleability
density
solubility
- 27. Multiple Choice
check all the physical properties. This is not an exhaustive list.
malleability
acidity
flammability
density
- 28. Multiple Choice
True or false:
if a substance is not combustible it is is not flammable
true
false
- 29. Multiple Choice
True or false: a chemical change is when one or more new substances are produced
true
false
- 30. Multiple Choice
Physical changes is when there is any change in size shape, form, or state and the identify of the matter changes.
true
false
- 31. Multiple Choice
Chemical properties have characteristics that cannot be observed without altering the identity of the substances.
true
false
- 32. Multiple Choice
A salt is composed of only metals.
true
false
- 33. Multiple Choice
Check all the examples of the law of conservation of mass; which states that mass cannot be created or destroyed.
a bonfire or campfire
a burning candle
an ice cube melting into water
- 34. Multiple Choice
States of matter change as thermal energy is applied. Check the correct order of change.
plasma to gas to solid to liquid
liquid to gas to plasma to solid
solid to liquid to gas to plasma
solid to gas to liquid to plasma
- 35. Multiple Choice
Check all statements that are true
plasma particles behave differently than other particles
Plasma particles behave the same as gas particles
Plasma particles behave the same as solid particles
Plasma particles behave the same as liquid particles
- 36. Multiple Choice
Check all statements that are true
99% of the universe is made up of plasma
99% of the earth is made up of plasma
An example of plasma is a TV
The Northern lights is a form of plasma
- 37. Multiple Choice
Check all statements that are true.
any gas can be made into plasma
solids have definite shape and a definite volume
Products are the substances that change in a chemical reaction
Reactants are the substances that form in a chemical reaction
- 38. Multiple Choice
H2SO4 (the 2 and 4 are subscripts) Check all the true statements.
There are 2 hydrogen atoms
There are 4 oxygen atoms
There are 4 S atoms
- 39. Multiple Choice
Ca3(PO4)2 The 3, 4, and 2 are subscripts. Check all the true answers.
There are 3 Ca atoms
There is 1 P atom
There are 2 P atoms
There are 3 C atoms and 3 a atoms
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