Particulate nature of matter | Chemistry

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Particulate nature of matter

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Question 1
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In which changes do the particles move further apart?
answer choices
W and X
W and Z
X and Y
Y and Z
W and X
alternatives
W and Z
X and Y
Y and Z
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Question 2
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Which change of state takes place during evaporation?
answer choices
gas to liquid
liquid to gas
liquid to solid
solid to gas
gas to liquid
alternatives
liquid to gas
liquid to solid
solid to gas
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Question 3
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A sugar cube is dropped into a hot cup of tea.
The tea is not stirred.
Which statement explains why the tea becomes sweet?
answer choices
The heated water molecules penetrate the sugar cube.
The hot tea causes the sugar to melt.
The sugar cube dissolves and its molecules diffuse.
The sugar molecules get hot and evaporate.
The heated water molecules penetrate the sugar cube.
alternatives
The hot tea causes the sugar to melt.
The sugar cube dissolves and its molecules diffuse.
The sugar molecules get hot and evaporate.
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Question 4
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Which statement is an example of diffusion?
answer choices
A kitchen towel soaks up some spilt milk.
Ice cream melts in a warm room.
Pollen from flowers is blown by the wind.
The smell of cooking spreads through a house.
A kitchen towel soaks up some spilt milk.
alternatives
Ice cream melts in a warm room.
Pollen from flowers is blown by the wind.
The smell of cooking spreads through a house.
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Question 5
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A few drops of perfume were spilt on the floor. A few minutes later the perfume could be smelt a few metres away.
Which two processes had taken place?
answer choices
distillation and condensation
distillation and diffusion
evaporation and condensation
evaporation and diffusion
distillation and condensation
alternatives
distillation and diffusion
evaporation and condensation
evaporation and diffusion
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Question 6
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‘Particles moving very slowly from an area of high concentration to an area of low
concentration.’
Which process is being described above?
answer choices
a liquid being frozen
a solid melting
a substance diffusing through a liquid
a substance diffusing through the air
a liquid being frozen
alternatives
a solid melting
a substance diffusing through a liquid
a substance diffusing through the air
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Question 7
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In which substance are the particles close together and slowly moving past each other?
answer choices
air
ice
steam
water
air
alternatives
ice
steam
water
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Question 8
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The diagram shows how the molecules in the exhaust gases diffuse into the air.
Which statement describes what happens to these molecules next?
answer choices
The molecules fall to the ground because they are heavier than air molecules.
The molecules go back together as they cool.
The molecules spread further into the air.
The molecules stay where they are.
The molecules fall to the ground because they are heavier than air molecules.
alternatives
The molecules go back together as they cool.
The molecules spread further into the air.
The molecules stay where they are.
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Question 9
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Q.
A gas jar of bromine vapour and a gas jar of air are set up as shown in diagram 1.
The glass slide is removed. Diagram 2 shows the appearance of the gas jars after one hour.

Which statement explains why the bromine and air mix together?
answer choices
Bromine is denser than air.
Bromine is lighter than air.
Bromine molecules moved upwards and molecules in air moved downwards.
Molecules in bromine and air moved randomly.
Bromine is denser than air.
alternatives
Bromine is lighter than air.
Bromine molecules moved upwards and molecules in air moved downwards.
Molecules in bromine and air moved randomly.
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Question 10
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A liquid is heated until it boils.
Which result shows that the liquid in the test-tube is pure water?
answer choices
Condensation forms at the top of the test-tube.
Steam is produced.
The thermometer reads 100 °C.
There is nothing left behind in the test-tube.
Condensation forms at the top of the test-tube.
alternatives
Steam is produced.
The thermometer reads 100 °C.
There is nothing left behind in the test-tube.
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Question 11
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Small crystals of purple KMnO4 (Mr = 158) and orange K2Cr2O7 (Mr = 294) were placed at the
centres of separate petri dishes filled with agar jelly. They were left to stand under the same
physical conditions.
After some time, the colour of each substance had spread out as shown.

The lengths of the arrows indicate the relative distances travelled by particles of each substance.
Which statement is correct?
answer choices
Diffusion is faster in dish 1 because the mass of the particles is greater.
Diffusion is faster in dish 2 because the mass of the particles is greater.
Diffusion is slower in dish 1 because the mass of the particles is smaller.
Diffusion is slower in dish 2 because the mass of the particles is greater.
Diffusion is faster in dish 1 because the mass of the particles is greater.
alternatives
Diffusion is faster in dish 2 because the mass of the particles is greater.
Diffusion is slower in dish 1 because the mass of the particles is smaller.
Diffusion is slower in dish 2 because the mass of the particles is greater.
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Question 12
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Pure water has a boiling point of 100 °C and a freezing point of 0 °C.
What is the boiling point and freezing point of a sample of aqueous sodium chloride?
answer choices
boiling point / °C 98. freezing point / °C. –2
boiling point / °C 98. freezing point / °C. 2
boiling point / °C 102 freezing point / °C. –2
boiling point / °C 102 freezing point / °C. 2
boiling point / °C 98. freezing point / °C. –2
alternatives
boiling point / °C 98. freezing point / °C. 2
boiling point / °C 102 freezing point / °C. –2
boiling point / °C 102 freezing point / °C. 2
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Question 13
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Which process causes the greatest increase in the distance between particles?
answer choices
condensation
freezing
melting
sublimation
condensation
alternatives
freezing
melting
sublimation
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Question 14
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Which statement describes sublimation?
answer choices
Particles moving slowly past each other speed up and move further apart.
Particles vibrating next to each other become mobile and move slowly past each other.
Particles vibrating next to each other start to move rapidly and move further apart.
Rapidly moving particles slow down and move closer together.
Particles moving slowly past each other speed up and move further apart.
alternatives
Particles vibrating next to each other become mobile and move slowly past each other.
Particles vibrating next to each other start to move rapidly and move further apart.
Rapidly moving particles slow down and move closer together.
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Question 15
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Q.
The apparatus shown is set up. After 20 minutes a white ring of ammonium chloride is seen at
position Y.

Which statement about the molecules of ammonia and hydrogen chloride is correct?
answer choices
Molecules in ammonia have a larger Mr than molecules of hydrogen chloride and so they
move more slowly.
Molecules in ammonia have a larger Mr than molecules of hydrogen chloride and so they
move more quickly.
Molecules in ammonia have a smaller Mr than molecules of hydrogen chloride and so they
move more slowly.
Molecules in ammonia have a smaller Mr than molecules of hydrogen chloride and so they
move more quickly.
Molecules in ammonia have a larger Mr than molecules of hydrogen chloride and so theymove more slowly.
alternatives
Molecules in ammonia have a larger Mr than molecules of hydrogen chloride and so theymove more quickly.
Molecules in ammonia have a smaller Mr than molecules of hydrogen chloride and so theymove more slowly.
Molecules in ammonia have a smaller Mr than molecules of hydrogen chloride and so theymove more quickly.
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