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20 questions
The differences between two molecules include the type of sugar that forms a section of the molecules and the identity of one of the four nitrogenous bases that make up another section of the molecules. These two molecules are --
proteins
lipids
nucleic acids
complex carbohydrates
Which of these correctly matches the molecules with its function?
lipid - stores genetic information
enzyme - speeds up chemical reactions
vitamin - supplies energy to cells
carbohydrate - manufactures cell membranes
Which of these are the repeating units that form a DNA molecule?
fatty acids
amino acids
chromosomes
nucleotides
The human body uses carbohydrates as a --
source of energy
material for muscle production
carrier for oxygen
coenzyme of metabolism
Which substance is not an organic molecule?
starch (carbohydrate)
DNA (nucleic acid)
water (H2O)
fat (lipid)
Proteins are involved in almost every chemical reaction within a cell. Special proteins known as enzymes speed up chemical reactions allowing reactions to occur often enough for life to continue. Other proteins maintain the shape of a cell or carry large molecules through the cell membrane. Although proteins can have many different functions, they are all made of the same building blocks. These building blocks that make up every protein are known as -
amino acids
nucleotides
lipids
saccharides
7. Both lipids and carbohydrates are important in animal cells because both —
store energy
contain nitrogen
form cell walls
provide insulation
What is the function of enzymes in biological systems?
Enzymes act as substrates when the necessary proteins are unavailable.
Enzymes act as products to create new chemical reactions.
Enzymes act as catalysts to drive chemical reactions forward.
Enzymes bond with substrates to create the new reaction products.
Enzymes only work with specific substrates because each substrate —
has a specific activation site for enzyme attachment
can only use a specific ionic bond with the enzyme
destroys its specific enzyme
actively interferes with other substrates around it
Which of the following macromolecules are a prominent part of animal tissues that function in insulation, helping animals conserve heat?
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acids
Glucose is a building block of carbohydrates. Which of these best describes glucose?
nucleotide
protein
sugar
lipid
Most cellular activities are processes regulated by the action of —
carbohydrates
enzymes
lipids
polysaccharides
Most carbohydrates in the human body are
used as building blocks for proteins
used as catalysts for reactions in cells
consumed as a source of energy
not easily absorbed into the bloodstream
A dog gets many nutrients from its food including amino acids. Which of these can be built directly using the amino acids?
proteins
carbohydrates
lipids
minerals
Which of these correctly matches the molecule with its function?
lipid—stores genetic information
enzyme—speeds up chemical reactions
vitamin—supplies energy to cells
carbohydrate—manufactures cell membranes
Proteins are formed from subunits called —
amino acids
fatty acids
nucleic acids
nucleotides
Which of these are the repeating units that form a DNA molecule?
fatty acids
nucleotides
amino acids
chromosomes
The cell wall of plant cells is composed primarily of cellulose. Cellulose is a polysaccharide which gives the cell structure and support. Cellulose would be classified as which biomolecule?
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
carbohydrate
Pepsin is a stomach enzyme that helps organisms digest proteins. An experiment was conducted to determine at which pH pepsin is most active. A valid conclusion based on the graphed data would be that pepsin —
is most effective within a specific pH range
causes the pH of the solution to become lower
causes the pH of the solution to become lower
stimulates the production of OH– ions
Which statement describes the major role of lipids within a cell?
They cause DNA to replicate.
They move RNA in the cytoplasm.
They catalyze chemical reactions in the cell cytoplasm.
They are the main structural components of membranes.
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