plaintiff

defendant

spectator

witness

29 days.

54 days.

3 years.

381 days.

prove that Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was behind the idea desegregated buses and black people in Montgomery never really wanted that.

prove that Claudette Colvin was untrustworthy.

prove that segregated buses were unconstitutional.

prove that the judges for the case were biased against whites.

the federal lawsuit Fred Gray brings to argue that segregated seating on buses is unconstitutional

the second battle of the civil rights movement.

the second time bus laws had been challenged in court.

Fred Gray's personal vendetta against Governor George Wallace.

The first front is Claudette Colvin getting arrested.

The first front is protests outside city hall.

The first front is Mary Louise Smith's testimony

The first front is the bus boycott because it’s the first battle in the fight against segregation.

Hoose writes that the black protesters were “determined to apply economic pressure peacefully”

Hoose writes that black protesters would get their demands met by any means necessary.

The leaders of the black community created a “new organization” (74) to run the bus boycott: the Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA).

The MIA designed the car pool to replace the bus transportation and had to pay for its operation, including “more than thirty station wagons” (74).

An organization in Kentucky organized the bus boycott because they had more experience with peaceful protests.

The group of black leaders nominated newcomer Martin Luther King, Jr. as president in order to “avoid friction” (74) among established local black leaders.

The Colvin family “stayed off the bus” (77)

Claudette’s family went to the mass meetings and heard Dr. King speak (79).

Claudette’s father used their savings to buy a used Plymouth to help Claudette’s mother get around.

Claudette’s “family duties” increased during the boycott because her mother was out late helping to “drive people places” (78).

The City Lines bus company lost “$3,200 a day” (79). They also had to lay off workers and cancel bus routes (79).

White Montgomery residents immediately realized the segregated buses were racist and joined the boycott.

Many black participants in the protest were threatened or had their property attacked. Dr. King and E.D. Nixon had explosives thrown at their houses and police “scattered acid” on Jo Ann Robinson’s car (79–80).

Claudette Colvin's house was burned down.

True

False