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- 1. Multiple Choice
The moon revolves around Earth. The moon travels at a speed of about 1 km/s. What keeps the moon in orbit around Earth?
gravity
magnetism
ocean tides
nuclear tides
- 2. Multiple Choice
Two objects have a certain gravitational force between them. What would happen if the mass of one of the objects suddenly increased?
The mass of the other object would increase.
The distance between the objects would increase.
The gravitational force of the objects would remain constant.
The gravitational force between the two objects would increase.
- 3. Multiple Choice
Why are Earth, other solar system planets, and most planetary objects spherical?
force of gravity acting evenly in all directions around the center of mass
erosion made by asteroids hitting the objects' surface after the object's formation
heat received from the sun melting the object's surface at the time of formation
pressure of atmosphere acting evenly in all directions on the object's surface
- 4. Multiple Choice
Planets are held in their orbit because of their large sizes as well as a certain force that acts over a distance. Which force is responsible for acting on the planets?
nuclear force
electrical force
magnetic force
gravitational force
- 5. Multiple Choice
Objects A and B have the same mass but are located at different distances from the surface of Mars. Which statement explains how the gravitational field affects the objects shown in the model.
Only object B will be pulled toward Mars because object A is too far away to be affected by the field.
Object A and object B will be affected equally ty the gravitational field because the field lines indicate a uniform field.
Object B will be more affected by the gravitational field because the field lines are closer together near the surface of Mars.
Object A will be more affected ty the gravitational field because the field lines are farther apart farther from the surface of Mars.
- 6. Multiple Choice
The diagram shows a satellite in orbit around Earth. It is orbiting in the direction shown and is pulled toward Earth by gravity. What would happen if Earth's gravity suddenly disappeared?
The satellite would fall to Earth.
The satellite would stop moving.
The satellite would continue to orbit Earth.
The satellite would move into space in a straight line.
- 7. Multiple Choice
Use the diagram to answer the question. The dotted lines in the picture show orbital paths of objects. Which statement is true about all of the orbits shown?
All objects move in circular orbits.
The size of an object determines the size of its orbit.
The force of gravity is what holds each object in its orbit.
The size of both an object and the object it orbits are equal.
- 8. Multiple Choice
Which object exerts the greatest gravitational pull in the diagram?
the star
Planet 1
Planet 3
Planet 5
- 9. Fill in the Blank
Which one of Newton's Laws (first, second, third) explains the following observation:
Asteroids continue to move in an elliptical orbit in a belt around the star
- 10. Multiple Choice
Newton's laws of motion and of universal gravitation apply to the star and planets pictured here. Suppose Planet 3 is similar to Earth. Check each of the following TRUE statements.
The weight of an object measured on Planet 3 is a result of gravity.
Because of gravity, Planet 3, which is smaller than the star, remains in orbit around the star.
Small objects near Planet 3 experience much less acceleration the closer they get to the surface of the planet.
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