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20 questions
-Widespread dissatisfaction with communist practices
-Bureaucratic stagnation within the communist government
-Lack of goods available due to economic inefficiencies
-Demand for independence by different nationalities
Which historic event was caused by these situations?
Ayatollah Khomeini’s revolution in Iran Aung
San Suu Kyi’s election to Burma’s parliament
return of Hong Kong to Chinese control
breakup of the Soviet Union
The use of political and military power by the Soviet Union in Hungary in 1956 and in Czechoslovakia in 1968 was based on a desire to
gain control of warm-water ports
establish democratic governments
preserve communist control
spread the Eastern Orthodox Christian faiths
The primary goal of Mikhail Gorbachev’s policy of perestroika for the Soviet Union was the
restriction of trade
censorship of the press
restructuring of the economy
establishment of five-year plans
Which set of problems most directly contributed to the situation shown in this 1991 cartoon featuring Mikhail Gorbachev?
refusal to adopt and accept aid from the Marshall Plan
a forced famine in Ukraine and rebellions in the gulags
invasions by foreign troops and Soviet cities under military siege
a deteriorating Soviet economy and secessionist republics desiring independence
Nations such as Hungary that were dominated by the Soviet Union after World War II were most often referred to as
districts
satellites
mandates
cartels
Immediately after World War II, which country exerted political and economic control over Poland, Hungary, and Romania?
France
United States
Soviet Union
Great Britain
Changes in the political borders of Eastern European countries during the 1990s were a result of the
failure of communism
expansion of the Warsaw Pact
end of free trade
decline of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Which leader’s policies included glasnost and perestroika?
Fidel Castro
Nikita Khrushchev
Mikhail Gorbachev
Deng Xiaoping
The goal of Mikhail Gorbachev’s policies of perestroika and glasnost was to
expand collectivization and communes
resume development of Soviet nuclear weapons
stimulate economic growth and political discussion
stop expansion of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) into Eastern Europe
What has the end of communism in the Soviet Union caused many countries in Eastern Europe to do?
shift to a command economy
maintain a communist form of government
pursue free-market economic policies
join the Warsaw Pact
The destruction of the Berlin Wall and the breakup of the Soviet Union signify the
end of the Cold War
collapse of the Taliban
strength of the Warsaw Pact
power of the European Union
The main idea of this 1990s cartoon is that Russia is
deciding between a capitalist or a communist system
attempting to restore military power
expressing concern about how the rest of the world views its government
maintaining a balance between a civilian and a military government
The treatment of the Armenians by Ottoman Turks in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and the treatment of Muslims by the Serbs of Yugoslavia in the 1990s are both examples of
coalition rule
universal suffrage
liberation theology
human rights violations
The initial reaction of the Russian government to the fighting that broke out in Chechnya in the 1990s demonstrated that Russia
was unwilling to grant independence to dissident ethnic groups
had little control over its arsenal of nuclear weapons
would defend its remaining republics against foreign invasion
favored reestablishing communism
A study of Yugoslavia in 1989, the People’s Republic of China, and the Soviet Union would best indicate that Marxism
has achieved its goal of a classless society
has been formally discontinued by all three countries
is often reshaped to meet the particular needs of the government
is practiced strictly in accordance with Karl Marx’s ideas
Which statement best describes the political situation in Eastern Europe during the 1980s?
Nationalism has often been a strong force for change.
Communist governments have gained power through democratic elections.
Ethnic rivalries have been eliminated throughout the region.
United States influence has been used to keep communist governments in power.
One way in which Lech Walesa, Mikhail Gorbachev, and Nelson Mandela are similar is that each
led the people of his nation toward a more democratic government
fought for power for the black majority over the white minority
worked to end communism in his country
refused to participate in the United Nations
A similarity between the Polish group Solidarity in 1980 and the Chinese protesters in Tiananmen Square in 1989 is that both groups
supported movements for democracy
succeeded in ending communism
encouraged military occupation by the Soviet Union
favored increases in military spending
“Polish Communist Party Fails in Election Bid”
“Romanians Depose Communist Dictator”
Which is a valid conclusion based on these headlines from the late 1980s?
Military buildups are continuing in Eastern Europe.
Planned economies in Eastern Europe have become increasingly successful.
Demands for democracy ended many totalitarian governments in Eastern Europe.
The Soviet Union stopped independence efforts in Eastern Europe.
Which statement best expresses the main point of the cartoon?
Courtship practices in Communist countries were becoming more like those of democratic countries.
The Soviet Union supported the development of democracy in Poland.
Poland was satisfied with its relationship with the Soviet Union.
Democratic tendencies continued to exist in Poland.
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