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51 questions
The atomic number of krypton is 36. If the mass number of a krypton atom is 84, which table shows the number of subatomic particles inside and outside the nucleus of the krypton atom?
A basketball with a mass of 0.60 kg is accelerated with a force of 10.8 N. If resisting forces are ignored, what is the acceleration of the basketball to the nearest m/s2? Type your answer as a whole number ONLY. DO NOT INCLUDE UNITS SUCH AS M/S2.
Wild hogs introduced to Texas from Europe became feral after the hogs escaped from the ranches where they lived. Feral hogs are omnivores that feed on native plants, crops, and small animals. Feral hogs can damage an ecosystem by rooting through the soil to look for food in trampling small plants. Which types of native organisms do feral hogs most likely compete with for food sources?
Carnivores and producers
Herbivores and carnivores
Producers and decomposers
Decomposers and herbivores
The spectral classes of four stars are shown in comparison with a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram.
Based on the information, which star is most like the sun?
Star 1
Star 2
Star 3
Star 4
The periodic table is organized into groups and periods of elements. The characteristics of a certain group of elements are listed below.
Which of these elements is in this group?
Lithium
Strontium
Aluminum
Silicon
A student walks 2 km in 30 minutes. What is the students average speed in km/h? Type your answer as a whole number ONLY. DO NOT INCLUDE UNITS SUCH AS km/h.
Strontium phosphate, Sr3(PO4)2, is a crystalline substance used in medicine and Industry. How many oxygen atoms are represented in the formula for Sr3(PO4)2? Type your answer as a whole number ONLY.
What are the main functions of the human skeletal system?
To support the body, protect the organs, produce blood cells, and store calcium
To regulate the composition of body fluids by removing metabolic wastes and retaining a balance of water, salt, and other nutrients
To regulate and maintain bodily functions by producing hormones and releasing them into the bloodstream
To enable the diffusion of oxygen into the bloodstream and the removal of carbon dioxide from the bloodstream
An environmental change drastically reduced the population of milkweed plants in an area. The milkweed plants provided the only source of food for a nearby population of monarch butterfly caterpillars.
Which statement describes the most likely effect of this environmental change on this population of monarch butterflies?
The number of monarch butterflies will decrease because their caterpillars will not have enough food.
The number of monarch butterflies will stay the same because butterflies reproduce so rapidly their populations can withstand most food shortages.
The number of monarch butterflies will stay the same because their caterpillars will begin consuming nectar from different types of flowers.
The number of monarch butterflies will increase because their reproduction rate will increase to ensure some individuals survive.
The diagram below shows a sled moving along smooth, frictionless track.
In which sections of the track will the slide experience an unbalanced force?
Sections 1 and 3
Sections 2 and 3
Sections 2 and 4
Sections 3 and 4
A silver ring reacts with compounds containing sulfur in the air to form silver sulfide, a black substance that makes up the tarnish on the surface of the silver objects. To remove the tarnish from the ring, students placed it in a pan lined with aluminum foil and added hot water. Baking soda was added to the hot water and stirred. Students made observations about the process. Which observation of this process provides evidence of a chemical reaction?
Hot water heater the aluminum foil.
The liquid solution change color.
The pan was lined with aluminum foil.
The hot water cooled.
The mass of an unidentified rock is 15.5 grams. Students determine the volume of the rock by placing the rock in a cylinder with water. The students calculate the density of the rock. They determine the identity of the rock based on the density range is on the table.
The students most likely have which type of rock?
Coal
Dolomite
Peridotite
Sandstone
A mother and daughter press their hands together and then push apart while ice skating.
Immediately after they push away, how does the motion of the mother and daughter change?
The mother moves forward, and the daughter moves backward with a greater acceleration.
Both move forward, but the mother moves with a greater acceleration.
The mother moves backward, and the daughter moves forward with a greater acceleration.
Both moves backward, but the daughter moves with a greater acceleration.
The graph shows the distance an object travels in 11 seconds.
Which answer choice best describes the movement of the object between the times of 0 and 6 seconds on the graph?
Moving at a constant speed
Moving towards the north
Accelerating
Stopped
The diagram shows a model of an atom. The model has four different symbols on it. Each symbol represents a different role for one of the particles within the atom.
In this model, which particle determines the reactivity of this atom?
Particle W
Particle X
Particle Y
Particle Z
Which chemical reaction involves the fewest oxygen atoms?
Giant salvinia is an aquatic plant that floats on water and reproduces rapidly. When these plants die, decomposition by bacteria affects oxygen levels in the water. As more plants die, less oxygen is available in water. Students observe a pond covered in giant salvinia.
Which statement is the best prediction the students can make about the immediate future of the pond?
The depth of water in the pond increase.
Fish populations in the pond will begin to decrease.
The amount of bacteria in the pond will suddenly decrease.
The number of different types of plants around the pond will increase.
A student obtains two strips of magnesium, Mg, ribbon that are 3 cm long. One strip of magnesium is placed in a test tube containing 5 mL of water, and the other strip is placed in a test tube containing 5 ml of hydrochloric acid, HCl. Both liquids at room temperature. The students observations are recorded in the table.
Which statement is not supported by the students observations?
A chemical reaction takes place between magnesium and hydrochloric acid.
A gas is released in Test Tube 2.
The substances in both test tubes are reactive only at high temperatures.
Energy is released in the reaction involving hydrochloric acid.
A demonstration help students understand the principle of roller coaster design.
Which answer choice correctly describes the ball's kinetic and potential energy?
The ball has more potential energy at position X than at position Z.
The ball has more kinetic energy at position Y than at position W.
The potential energy and kinetic energy of the ball are equal at position X.
The potential energy and kinetic energy of the ball are the greatest at position Z.
This topographic map represents the elevation of an area 100 years ago. At that time the highest point has an elevation of 214 m.
The highest point has sense eroded a total of 7 m. Which profile most likely represents the landscape today?
Two cars with different masses travel at the same speed down a hill toward the stop sign. What will happen when both cars apply brakes at the same time to stop?
The car with the smaller mass will require less force to stop in the car with a larger mass.
The car with the larger mass will maintain its velocity while traveling down the hill.
The car with the smaller mass will take longer to stop than the car with the larger mass.
The car with the larger mass will have less inertia than the car with the smaller mass.
In the early 1900s many scientists thought that an atom consisted of a positive substance with negative charges scattered throughout the substance. Then Ernest Rutherford completed an experiment that changed the concept of an atom. His Discovery led to the understanding that an atom consists of mostly empty space with -
protons orbiting a dense nucleus made of electrons and neutrons
electrons orbiting a dense nucleus made of protons and neutrons
neutrons and protons orbiting a cloud of electrons
electrons and protons orbiting a cloud of neutrons
A student kicks a soccer ball three times. Another student records the distance, the amount of time the ball travels, and the average speed in the table shown below.
How many seconds did it take for the ball to travel 30 m during Kick 3?
0.5 s
1.0 s
1.5 s
2.0 s
A student is trying to classify an unidentified, solid gray material as a metal or a nonmetal. Which question will best help the student classify the material?
Is the material malleable or ductile?
Does the material feel hard to the touch?
Will the material float in the water?
Does the material feel rough or smooth?
The model shows an area near a lake. Community leaders are planning new laws to help protect the lake from pollution. One proposed law will make it illegal to dump trash on the shore of the lake, but the law still allows trash to be placed in the area labeled "Flow-through wetland". Which statement about the proposed law is supported by the model?
The proposed law will protect the lake because plant roots between the wetland and the lake will stop pollution from entering the lake.
The proposed law will not protect the lake because animals that live in or near the lake will add pollution to the lake.
The proposed law will not protect the lake because groundwater will carry pollution from the wetland directly into the lake.
The proposed law will protect the lake because the high elevation of the water table will block pollution from entering the lake.
A student models moon phases. She holds a foam ball on a stick in front of her body and then stands in front of a light as shown. Student uses herself to represent Earth. She turns her body slowly to represent four different moon phases. Which numbered diagram represents the student modeling a full moon?
Diagram 1
Diagram 2
Diagram 3
Diagram 4
A tiger cub has a pattern of stripes on its fur that is similar to that of its parents. Where are the instructions stored that provide information for a tiger's fur pattern?
In cytoplasm inside cells
On genes with chromosomes
On the cell membrane
In the mitochondria
The chart lists organisms in five different categories living near the Texas Gulf Coast.
Based on the chart, which food chain best models a flow of energy in this ecosystem?
Sun→Mosquito→Shrimp→Coyotes
Sun→Algae→Shrimp→Red drum
Sun→Pygmy Sunfish→Shrimp→Wood ducks
Sun→Willow oaks→Algae→River otters
An atom of a certain element has 36 protons, 36 electrons, and a mass number of 84. At room temperature this element is a very stable gas. How many neutrons are in this atom? Type your answer as a whole number ONLY.
Why does Earth get more energy from the sun than from all other stars in the universe combined?
The sun is much larger than the other stars.
The sun is much hotter than the other stars.
The sun is much more dense than the other stars.
The sun is much closer than the other stars.
The San Andreas fault is a transform fault. The map below shows a student's approximation of where the fault line crosses through the United States. Students were asked to make maps predicting which way land would most likely move over thousands of years.
Which map predicts the likely movement of land along the fault line over thousands of years?
The diagram below shows four consecutive moon phases.
Which of the following diagrams shows the next four moon phases in the correct order?
A student uses this diagram to understand the parts of a fish. The student then uses an identification key to classify different types of fish.
Based on which of these fish is most likely a bluegill?
Barium sulfate, BaSO4, is a white crystalline solid that is insoluble in water. It is used by doctors to diagnose problems with the digestive system. Barium hydroxide, Ba(OH)2, is also a white crystalline solid and is used in a wastewater treatment. How many more oxygen atoms are represented in the formula for barium sulfate than in the formula for barium hydroxide? Type your answer as a whole number ONLY.
A pitcher throws a ball towards a player holding a softball bat. The player uses the bat to hit the ball. The bat applies a 10-newton force to the ball.
Which statement correctly describes the reaction force between the bat and the ball?
The reaction force is the force that causes the ball to move toward the back.
The reaction force is the force applied to the bat by the player holding the bat.
The reaction force is the force that pulls the ball towards the ground.
The reaction force is the force of the ball on the bat.
Students in a science class in Marfa, Texas, made a poster with a diagram to represent a seasonal change in the Northern Hemisphere. Which statement best describes conditions for Earth at Position 1 in the diagram?
There are an equal numbers of hours of daylight and nighttime in the Northern Hemisphere, and the North Pole is tilted away from the sun.
The Northern Hemisphere has the fewest hours of daylight, and Earth's axis does not tilt at this position.
There are an equal number of hours of daylight and nighttime in the Northern Hemisphere because the Earth's axis is not tilted in this position.
The Northern Hemisphere has the fewest hours of daylight, and the North Pole is tilted away from the sun.
Plants grow in many different shapes and sizes. Much of their shape depends on an internal structure that is composed of carbon-containing molecules such as cellulose and lignin. Plants that have a strong internal structure can grow larger than other plants because their structure can support their size.
Plants obtain the majority of the carbon necessary for building the structural molecules from –
air
microorganisms
soil
water
A chemist is identifying the elements present in a sample of seawater. What characteristic of an element's atom always determines the element's identity?
The number of protons
The number of neutrons
The location of valence electrons
The number of valence electrons
Which statement about stars is correct?
Star formation begins in the nebula.
White dwarfs become main sequence stars when they gain mass.
Supergiant's are stars that can absorb black holes.
Main sequence stars are formed by comets.
Which statement describes the energy changes that occur when water and a tea kettle is heated on a stove that uses natural gas?
Some of the chemical energy in the natural gas transforms into thermal energy, which heats the water. Then some of the thermal energy changes into sound energy when the water forms steam and the steam leaves the kettle.
Some of the thermal energy in the natural gas transforms into sound energy when the water becomes hot. Then some of the sound energy changes into light energy when the kettle becomes warm.
Some of the electrical energy in the natural gas transforms into thermal energy, which causes what the water to form steam. Then some of the thermal energy changes into sound energy when the steam leaves the kettle.
Some of the light energy in the natural gas transformed into chemical energy in the water. Then some of the chemical energy changes into kinetic energy when steam leaves the kettle and into sound when the water boils.
Two students are working together to build a birdhouse. Student 1 applies a force of 10 N to a wooden board in order to slide it across the table to Student 2.
If the force of friction resisting the students push is 4 N, what is the net force acting on the board?
4 N
6 N
10 N
14 N
A student observes several species of plants growing in a drainage ditch. Some species have short roots, while others have long roots. During the periods of heavy rain, the ditch fills with fast-moving water, which uproots more plants that have short roots than long roots.
Which short-term effect will most likely result from a year with more heavy rain than normal?
Most plants in the ditch will be plants with long roots.
Most plants in the ditch will be plants with short roots.
There will be no change in the number of plants with long roots and short roots.
There will be an equal number of plants in the ditch with long roots and short roots.
Researchers are studying lichens growing on trees in a forest ecosystem. At the beginning of the study, the researchers identified twelve lichen species in the forest. Later, a forest fire happened in the study area. The researchers returned to the area and only found six lichen species.
Which inference is best supported from the researchers observations?
Most lichen species are unaffected by a forest fire.
The biodiversity in a forest increases after a fire.
Certain lichen species are better adapted to survive forest fires than others.
Forest fires will permanently remove certain species from the ecosystem.
A diagram of the electromagnetic spectrum is shown. Earth's atmosphere blocks short wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum. Which telescopes must be placed in orbit around Earth in order to absorb short-wavelength radiation?
Gamma-ray telescopes
Visible-light telescopes
Infrared telescopes
Radio telescopes
What keeps planets in the solar system from moving in straight lines through the galaxy?
Light energy
Gravity
Inertia
Potential energy
Primary succession occurs when pioneer species move into an area that has no plants. Which organisms are common pioneer species?
Conifer trees and tall grasses with roots that loosen the soil
Mosses and lichens that grow on rocky surfaces
Grasses and weeds that arrive as seeds carried by the wind and then germinate in the rich soil
Vines and shrubs that help prevent the erosions of shallow soil
The weather map shows air pressures in millibars. Which set of conditions best describes the weather at the area of the lowest air pressure?
Bright with no wind
Partly cloudy with no wind
Mostly sunny with light winds
Overcast skies with strong winds
A group of students used to this diagram to classify three organisms into different kingdoms.
Which table correctly identifies the three kingdoms?
This satellite photograph shows an area in Alaska after a fire occurred.
Which statement best describes the most likely effect the fire had on the river in 12 months after it occurred?
Less sediment flowed into the river because the fire heated up the soil and made it drier.
The amount of vegetation increased and less sediment flowed into the river because fire produced ash that mix with soil.
More sediment flowed into the river because the fire destroyed most of the vegetation holding the sediment in place.
More sediment flowed into the river because the fire disrupted animal habitats and caused animals to leave the area.
A student graphed the position of a cart during at 7 second time interval.
Which statement best describes the cart?
The car is stationary with a velocity of 0 m/s for the entire 7 seconds.
The cart was stationary except for a short burst of acceleration of 0.5 m/s2.
The cart moved at a constant velocity of 0.5 m/s for the entire 7 seconds.
The cart accelerated at a constant rate of approximately 0.8 m/s2.
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