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30 questions
Which motion causes some constellations to be visible in New York State only during winter nights and other constellations to be visible only during summer nights?
Stars in constellations revolve around Earth.
Stars in constellations revolve around the Sun.
Earth revolves around the Sun.
Earth rotates on its axis.
Sediment samples A through D below have the same volume and packing, but contain different percentages of various particle sizes. Which sample most likely has the greatest permeability?
A
B
C
D
Compared to the oceanic crust, the continental crust is
less dense and more basaltic
less dense and more felsic
more dense and more granitic
more dense and more mafic
Which landmass is moving northward with Australia as part of the same tectonic plate?
India
Antarctica
North America
South America
The epicenter of an earthquake is located 6500 kilometers away from a seismic station. If the first S-wave arrived at this seismic station at 1:30 p.m., at what time did the first P-wave arrive?
1:20 p.m.
1:22 p.m.
1:38 p.m.
1:40 p.m.
Which two cities are located in the Interior Lowlands?
Elmira and Binghamton
Riverhead and New York City
Massena and Old Forge
Buffalo and Watertown
The large waterfall at Niagara Falls, New York,was originally located at the Niagara Escarpment. Which term best describes an escarpment?
U-shaped valley
V-shaped valley
cliff
drumlin
Trees growing on the edge of a river’s meander are most likely to fall into the river due to
deposition on the inside of the meander
deposition on the outside of the meander
erosion on the inside of the meander
erosion on the outside of the meander
What is the approximate minimum stream velocity needed to keep a 6.4-cm-diameter particle in motion?
10 cm/s
50 cm/s
100 cm/s
200 cm/s
The photograph below shows a sandstone butte in an arid region. Which agents of erosion are currently changing the appearance of this butte?
glaciers and mass movement
wave action and running water
wind and mass movement
running water and glaciers
Sediment is deposited in a river delta because the
velocity of the river decreases
force of gravity decreases
volume of the river increases
gradient of the river increases
Which processes lead directly to the formation of igneous rock?
weathering and erosion
compaction and cementation
heat and pressure
melting and solidification
A graph of tidal sea-level changes at a coastal city is shown below. The number of hours from one high tide to the next high tide is approximately
4 h
8 h
12 h
24 h
Which pie graph best shows the relative length of time of the major intervals of Earth’s geologic history? (Hint: Use your reference table.)
1
2
3
4
The table below lists some information about the minerals graphite and diamond. Some properties of diamond are different from those of graphite because diamond
has a different arrangement of atoms
forms larger crystals
has a different composition
is older in geologic age
The table provides information about four minerals, A through D. Which mineral can scratch A, B, and C,but can not scratch D?
talc
selenite gypsum
fluorite
quartz
Evidence that glaciers covered large areas of New York State is best provided by
long-term temperature measurements
folded layers of bedrock
kettle lakes and drumlins
the presence of streams and rivers
The cross section represents rock units that have not been overturned. Lines CC and GG represent unconformities. The geologic ages of some of the lettered rock units are shown below the cross section. Which rock unit was formed most recently?
A
F
L
M
Identify one water cycle process represented by arrow A.
Which New York State city is located at 42°39' N, 73°45' W?
Buffalo
Albany
Ithaca
Plattsburgh
The diagram below represents the apparent path of the Sun as seen by an observer at 65° N on March 21. The Sun’s position shown in the diagram was observed closest to which time of day?
9 a.m.
11 a.m.
3 p.m.
6 p.m.
Which statement best describes Earth’s approximate rates of rotation and revolution?
Earth’s rotation rate is 15°/hour and its revolution rate is 1°/day.
Earth’s rotation rate is 1°/hour and its revolution rate is 15°/day.
Earth’s rotation rate is 24°/hour and its revolution rate is 360°/day.
Earth’s rotation rate is 360°/hour and its revolution rate is 24°/day.
Volcanic ash deposits found in the geologic record are most useful in correlating the age of rock layers if the volcanic ash was distributed over a
large area during a short period of time
large area during a long period of time
small area during a short period of time
small area during a long period of time
Equal areas of which surface will absorb the most insolation?
partially melted snowfield
blacktop parking lot
white sand beach
lake surface
The map below shows California and a section of the San Andreas Fault. What is the primary geologic process occurring along the San Andreas Fault?
transform movement
spreading movement
subduction
convergence
Which mantle hot spot is located directly below a mid-ocean ridge plate boundary?
Yellowstone
Iceland
Canary Islands
Hawaii
The block diagram below represents caves that developed in a region over time.Which type of weathering was primarily responsible for the development of these caves?
physical weathering of sandstone
physical weathering of limestone
chemical weathering of sandstone
chemical weathering of limestone
Which agent of erosion is most likely responsible for the deposition of sandbars along ocean shorelines?
glaciers
mass movement
wave action
wind action
The block diagram below represents the drainage basins of some river systems separated by highland divides, shown with dashed lines.The arrows show the directions of surface-water flow. The three areas separated by highland divides are called
meanders
floodplains
watersheds
tributaries
Which New York State landscape region is mostly composed of horizontal sedimentary bedrock at high elevations?
Hudson Highlands
Allegheny Plateau
Taconic Mountains
Atlantic Coastal Plain
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