make more of its members males

make its members younger

make more of its members professionals

make more of its members Protestant

they help avoid government shutdowns

they require presidential approval to go into effect

the government has actually operated without an official budget for the entirety of multiple fiscal years

they maintain government spending at a current year's level

passing a law to ban and prevent the importation of shark fins into U.S.

passing a law to require that all items offered for sale in any gift shop of the National Park Service are made in the U.S.

passing a law that convenes an investigation into FEMA's alleged mishandling of matters pertaining to Hurricane Katrina

passing a resolution honoring a fallen war hero

standing

joint

conference

select

incumbents are reelected to Congress more than 75% of the time

more people think better of Congress as a whole than of their individual Congressmen/women

facing voters frequently largely promotes agency representation

constituent services are important to being reelected

floor rules have become more restrictive

the use of filibusters decreased

coalition building became easier

bills were generally referred to a very few committees, sometimes even just a single committee

conference committees exist ONLY to resolve differences in House and Senate versions of bills

each chamber frequently adopts versions of bills passed by the other chamber to expedite legislating

absent presidential support, a bill cannot become a law

a presidential veto can be over-ridden by Congress with a simple majority vote in each chamber

filibuster activity (or the threat thereof) has increased over the years

teams of Senators typically work together on filibusters

cloture may only be evoked after a filibuster has commenced

the mere threat of a filibuster has significant power

the Senate confirms executive appointments

Senators serve a six year term

All of the above are true regarding the Senate

the Senate ratifies treaties

congressmen

constituents

lobbyists

the President

other legislators

congressional staffers

the federal court system

interest groups

Once in committee, bills are referred to a specialized subcommittee.

"markup" can occur in both subcommittee and committees.

the Senate rules committee sets the calendar for debates in that chamber

cloture

trustee

delegate

a combination of trustee and delegate

none of the above

Speaker of the House

President Pro-tempore

Vice President

assistant floor leader

to effect a division of legislative power

to create redundancy in government

to create more representation for the people

to nullify executive power

it eliminated seniority as the sole determining factor for committee chairs

it required that subcommittees be set up under committees

thanks to it, "programmatic liberals" were ousted from several committee chairs

it applied mainly in the House of Representatives

congressional staffers

Representatives

Senators

both Representatives and Senators

unanimous

germane

attached

timely

earmarks

pork barrel projects

logrolling

"must pass" status

partisanship

interests

seniority

campaign donations

Majority party whip

President pro-tempore

Vice-president

Majority leader

agency regulations

executive orders

court opinions

law journals

All

few

elected

engaged

interest groups

executive departments

congressional committees

appellate courts

a study published by a think tank relating to the proposal

a court ruling on a policy

when an executive agency employee follows a policy proposal on the job

when it becomes a statute thanks to the efforts of Congress and the President

public choice model

rationalism model

group theory model

incrementalism model

Old boys' club

board meeting

dance

military operation

it created the C.I.A.

it created the N.S.C.

it created the N.S.A.

it has aided presidents in the development of foreign policy

January

October

December

July

economic recovery

divided government

prosperity

crisis

strategies

tactics

goals

instruments

eminent domain

censorship

user fees

adjusting monetary variables

a. one-fourth as large

b. half as large

c. they are roughly equal

d. twice as large

a. agenda setting

b. legitimation of proposals

c. implementation

d. evaluation

that public policy is ultimately determined by an aristocracy

elites are administrators and officials

elites control the masses

implementation

agenda setting

evaluation

legitimization of proposals

a) one of democratic deliberation

b) one of calculating reserve

c) one of partisanship

d) one of action

modern vice presidents are often charged with leading presidential initiatives

they frequently serve as an electoral resource

they once came from a different political party than the president

they play a powerful role in leading the Senate

the President is required by law to submit budget proposals

the "State of the Union" is a Constitutional requirement

vetoes and "pocket vetoes" may be overridden by a super-majority of Congress

"agenda setting" is a primary role of the President

that members of the E.O.P. would become "yes men"

all of the above

that the Senate would approve his nominations for E.O.P. positions

that the cabinet secretaries in the E.O.P. would maintain some loyalty to Congress since Congress has control over the budget

a) media

b) party and interest

c) the electorate

d) leadership

a) persuasive abilities

b) public support

c) the media

d) the Constitution

the presidency is the ONLY office elected by the entire nation

the President often speaks for the American public even in private moments

most of the legislative proposals Congress works on originate with the President

a Presidential signature on an international agreement commits the country to respect that agreement

one such agreement undergirded the Lend Lease Act of 1941

they require Congressional approval

they can be challenged in a court of law

they exist between the President and the head of another country

Johnson trumpeted the potential of the program in a State of the Union address

Johnson met with 94 Congressmen in the month before the vote on Medicare

there does appear to be a relationship between Presidential contact and a supportive vote from a member of Congress

Johnson campaigned on a platform of extending Medicare to the elderly

cabinet secretaries and agency heads are employed via the civil service system

these organizations have operational responsibilities

removal of top-level officials in these institutions requires Congressional approval

they create laws to carry out the will of Congress

a) contact

b) money

c) party loyalty

d) congressional staffers

2000

4000

6000

8000

a) economic advisers

b) legislative advisers

c) political advisers

d) foreign policy advisers

he escalated the war in Vietnam

he leaned on Senator Eugene McCarthy

he promoted his Modern Society program heavily in Congress

he leaned on Senator Richard B. Russell

a) a more streamlined executive branch

b) several new cabinet positions

c) the E.O.P.

d) the XXII Amendment

a) Article I

b) Article II

c) Article III

d) Article IV

a) Congress is designed for representation and deliberation rather than decisive action

b) The presidency deals with the accountability side of government

c) The discretionary nature of presidential power makes it difficult to hold a president legally accountable for the use of government power

d) All of the above

a) George Washington

b) John Adams

c) Richard Nixon

d) Ronald Reagan

a) Abraham Lincoln

b) Franklin D. Roosevelt

c) Richard Nixon

d) Jimmy Carter

a) Sole Organ

b) Single Unit

c) Personified Organ

d) Lone Symbol

a) George Washington

b) Abraham Lincoln

c) Andrew Jackson

d) William Howard Taft

a) State of Affairs

b) State of the Union

c) State of Governance

d) State of Events

a) 10

b) 12

c) 15

d) 18

a) Primary

b) Indoctrinated

c) Principal

d) Initial

a) A hierarchical structure

b) A division of labor

c) Rules and impersonality

d) All of the above

a) 7

b) 6

c) 8

d) 9

strike down prohibition

strike down racial segregation in the states

limit the power of the federal government in relation to the states

all of the above

strike down racial segregation in the states

Civil War Amendments

Ninetieth Amendment

Twenty Sixth Amendment

Voting Rights Act of 1965

McCulloch v. Maryland

Plessy v. Ferguson

Massachusetts v. Mellon

Brown v. Board of Education

Dred Scott v. Sandford

prohibit religious activities that present a clear and present danger.

Allow citizens to freely engage in the religious activities of their choice

Ensure there is no excessive entanglement of government and religion

All of the above

Ex Facto Law

Jurisdiction

Judicial Review

Maritime Law

How might that decision be overturned?It cannot be reversed.

Congress could pass the law again by majority vote.

Congress and the states could amend the Constitution.

The president could reverse the decision.

popular

criminal

private

government

a) Plessy v. Parington (1913)

b) Stevens v. Board of Investigation (1965)

c) Ally v. Stevenson (1959)

d) Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

True

False

Human Rights

Natural Rights

Civil Liberties

Civil Rights

Civil Socialization / Civil Rights

Political Socialization / Civil Liberties

Civil Liberties / Civil Rights

Civil Rights / Civil Liberties

Is closely identified with the Warren Court

Views the Supreme Court as an active participant in shaping government policy

May result in conservatives as well as liberal positions

All of the above

A & B only

True

False

All levels of government

State and local governments only

State governments only

National government only

a) Judicial evaluation

b) Judicial analysis

c) Judicial assessment

d) Judicial review

a) Initial

b) Founding

c) Symbolic

d) Early

a) Precedent

b) Standard

c) Reaction

d) Repetition

a) Judicial limitation

b) Judicial restraint

c) Judicial restriction

d) Judicial moderation

a) Article I

b) Article II

c) Article III

d) Article IV

a) Three

b) Four

c) Five

d) Six

a) Constitutional reform

b) Statutory revolution

c) Constitutional revolution

d) Constitutional interpretation

a) Civil liberties

b) Civil rights

c) Civil freedoms

d) Civil exclusions

a) Substance neutrality

b) Content neutrality

c) Subject neutrality

d) Topic neutrality

a) Civil Rights Act of 1855

b) Civil Authority Statute of 1885

c) Civil Rights Act of 1964

d) Civil Liberties Act of 1965

a. Lemon v. Kurtzman

b. Schenck v. U.S.

c. Employment Division

d. Texas v. Johnson

a. justices rarely want to write them, indicating..

b. they usually represent the opinions of the majority...

c. they may have a lasting impact if the Court later changes its mind.

d. they provide different reasons why a justice supported the majority ruling than was written in the opinion

e. all of the above

a. Liberal Nationalism

b. Development

c. Founding

d. Dualistic

a. Separate but equivalent

b. Separate but uniform

c. Split but equal

d. Separate but Equal

First priority

Privilege

Standing

Original jurisdiction

judicial activism

judicial restraint

stare decisis

legislative intent

free speech

expression

choose

privacy