The following are advantages of -

· Nondepletable resource

· After initial investment, no cost

· Easy installation—ground source heat pump

The following are advantages of -

· Efficient

· Zero pollution

The following are disadvantages of -

· Production of hydrogen is energy-intensive

· Lack of distribution network

· Hydrogen storage challenges

The following are disadvantages of -

· Turbine noise

· Bird and bat deaths

· Geographically limited

· Aesthetic issues

· Storage required for off-grid

The following are disadvantages of -

· Emits hazardous gases and steam

· Geographically limited

The following are disadvantages of -

· Limited geographical options

· High construction costs

· Threats to river systems

· Loss of habitat, agricultural land, cultural heritage

· Displacement of people

· Siltation

The following are disadvantages of -

· Manufacturing requires high input of metals and water

· Need to recycle panels

· Geographic limitations

· High initial costs

· Storage batteries required

The following are disadvantages of -

· Deforestation

· Erosion

· Indoor and outdoor air pollution

· Loss of agricultural land

Pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions caused by -

· Carbon monoxide

· Particulate matter

· Nitrogen oxides

· Possible toxic metals from MSW (municipal solid waste)

Pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions caused by -

· None during operation

· Some pollution generated during manufacturing

Pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions caused by -

· Methane from decaying flooded vegetation

· Emissions from construction

Pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions caused by -

· None during operation

Relatively little electricity generated

Electricity cost of .02 cents/kWh

Electricity cost of .05 - .11 cents/kWh

Electricity cost of .05 - .30 cents/kWh

Electricity cost of .04 - .06 cents/kWh

ER OEI (energy return on energy investment) 8

ER OEI (energy return on energy investment) 12-15

ER OEI (energy return on energy investment) 18

ER OEI (energy return on energy investment) 1.3/8