Supplies, methods and materials that designers use to place and hold flowers and foliage in an arrangement.

The length of useful life of cut floral materials after being received by the customer.

The process of converting nutrients, water, carbon, dioxide and sunlight into food for plants.

The level of light received on a plant surface.

A design technique in which branches of flowers are used around the perimeter of a floral arrangement to direct attention to the materials in the center of the arrangement.

The tight positioning of flower clusters at the base of an arrangement forming rounded hills.

Similar design techniques to place similar materials horizontally on top of each other.

The Japanese style of floral arrangements characterized by their linear forms.

Number 3 ribbon is the appropriate size for a bow. The appropriate gauge of wire is number 24-28 depending on the weight of the flower. Construct it so it is as light-weight as possible.

Is due to the inability of water to enter the stem.

Flower arrangement heights should not vary in these arrangements. This design is a technique characterized by parallel or surface contoured insertions that create a uniform area with little or no variation in depth.

Contain more than one single focal point.

A feature of this style of design is the seasonal compatibility of the plant materials in the design.

The placement of cut material in a parallel design in each group in order to create depth.

Shorter stems of mass flowers provide a color & focal point near the rim of the container.

Florists must educate the customer in order to help them enjoy their flowers to the fullest extent.