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- 1. Multiple ChoiceMechanical requirement depend on all EXCEPT:Type of surgeryLength of SurgeryPatient PositionTidal volume
- 2. Multiple ChoiceWhat is physiological PEEP ____ and what does it do?1-2 cm H20; Maintain alveoli patency6-10 cmH20; increase Tidal volume3-5 cm H20; push oxygen down to the lungs3-5 cm H20; maintain alveoli patency
- 3. Multiple ChoiceIf Respiratory rate is too high, the risk include all the following EXCEPT:Inadequate expiratory timeBreath StackingDevelopment of Intrinsic PEEPProlonged Expiatory time
- 4. Multiple ChoiceVentilators have two major functions?Volume; SIMVVolume; PressurePressure; PSV-ProBarotrauma alert; Volume alert
- 5. Multiple ChoiceWhat can happen if the cuff pressure is too low?Nothing higher is betterIt will breakTissue damageAspiration
- 6. Multiple ChoiceWhat can happen if the cuff pressure is too high?Nothing higher is betterIt will breakTissue damageAspiration
- 7. Multiple Choice
Which of the following patients would be appropriate for pressure support (PS).
Ventilated and sedated patient that is unresponsive.
A Gift of Hope patient being prepared for the OR
A patient that is ready to be weaned off of the ventilator
A ventilator dependent spinal cord injury patient with a paralyzed diaphragm.
- 8. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is true?
Positive End Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) keeps the alveoli open during exhalation.
Allows for more lung recruitment.
Is a common ventilator mode.
Is considered normal when set at +5, in most patients.
- 9. Multiple Choice
The nurse suspects respiratory failure secondary to hypoventilation in a patient with which condition?
anxiety
neuromuscular disease
pulmonary embolism
volume A/C ventilation at a rate of 20 breaths/min
- 10. Multiple Choice
To prevent VAP, it is recommended that the head of bed be elevated to at least what degree?
15 degrees
20 degrees
30 degrees
45 degrees
- 11. Multiple Choice
Interpret the following ABG: pH 7.48, Pa02 56, PaC02 30, HC03 25, Fi02 45
uncompensated respiratory alkalosis
uncompensated metabolic acidosis
uncompensated respiratory acidosis
compensated respiratory acidosis
- 12. Multiple Choice
What is the primary goal for a patient with ARDS?
increase respiratory rate
achieve adequate oxygenation
volume control
keep C02 within normal range
- 13. Multiple Choice
Which nursing management strategies help to prevent ventilator associated pneumonia?
Bedrest
Subglottic suction of secretions
Change ventilator circuit tubing every 8 hours
Elevate HOB 30-45 degrees
Oral care with chlorhexidine
- 14. Multiple Choice
Interpret the following ABG: pH 7.34, Pa02 90, PaC02 70, HC03 36, Fi02 45
compensated respiratory alkalosis
uncompensated respiratory alkalosis
compensated respiratory acidosis
uncompensated respiratory acidosis
- 15. Multiple Choice
A client with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is showing signs of increased dyspnea. The nurse notes the following ABGs: pH 7.35, PaCO2 25, HCO3 22, PaO2 95. Which finding is abnormal?
pH
PaCO2
HCO3
PaO2
- 16. Multiple ChoiceYou increase the level of CPAP on an infant admitted for RSV to improve oxygenation following blood gas results reflecting a PaCO2 of 45mmHg and PaO2 of 72mmHg. 15 minutes later blood gas results are as follows: pH 7.33, PaCO2 52mmHg, PaO2 66mmHg. What could have been the complication?FiO2 should have been increasedThere might be a leak in the systemThe CPAP level was raised too highThe CPAP level was not raised high enough
- 17. Multiple ChoiceWhy are retractions so prominent in neonates in comparison to large children and adults?Because they aren't strong yetNeonates have fast respiratory ratesNeonates have thin and weak musculature and a less rigid thoraxNeonates have small airways
- 18. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following BiPAP settings can influence upper airway stability?EPAPIPAPRise timeMode
- 19. Multiple Choice
What is the major cause of metabolic acidosis?
hyperventilation
hypoventilation
ketoacidosis
renal failure
- 20. Multiple Choice
Which condition manifest with hypoventilation?
Respiratory acidosis
respiratory alkalosis
metabolic acidosis
metabolic alkalosis
- 21. Multiple Choice
What is the normal range value for PaCO2
30 to 40 mmHg
22-26 mmHg
35-45 mmHg
33-43 mmHg
- 22. Multiple ChoiceThe nurse is caring for a client with a nasogastric tube that is attached to low suction. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that the client is at risk for which acid-base disorder?Metabolic acidosisMetabolic alkalosisRespiratory acidosisRespiratory alkalosis
- 23. Multiple ChoiceA patient with a prolonged episode of nausea, vomiting and diarrhea has an ABG ordered on admission. You might expect the results to show:Metabolic acidosisMetabolic alkalosisRespiratory acidosisRespiratory alkalosis
- 24. Multiple Choice
Which following mode of ventilation reduces the work of breathing by overcoming the resistance created by ventilator tubing?.
Assist Control mode.
Pressure Support mode.
Controlled Mandatory Ventilation.
Synchronous Intermitten Mandatory Ventilation.
- 25. Multiple Choice
An unconscious baby is receiving mechanical ventilation.
Which nursing diagnosis takes priority?
Self-care deficit related to unconsciousness.
Risk for impaired skin integrity related to immobility.
Ineffective airway clearance related to the inability to expectorate.
Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to inability to swallow.
- 26. Multiple Choice
Which complication is common in neonates who receive prolonged mechanical ventilation at birth?
Renal failure
Hydrocephalus
Esophageal atresia
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
- 27. Multiple Choice
SIMV supports ______ breathing patient and can be used in _______ and _______ modesParalyzed; Volume; PressureSpontaneous Volume; PressureSpontaneous; Pressure; Inverse ratioControlled; Volume; Vaporized oxydation - 28. Multiple ChoiceIn severe alkalosis with low potassium levels what abnormal EKG may be presentTented T wavesNegative QRS complex in AVFU wavesNegative QRS complex in lead I
- 29. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following may be a reason to order an ABG on a patient?The patient suddenly develops shortness of breathAn asthmatic is starting to show signs of tiringA diabetic has developed Kussmaul respirationsAll of the above
- 30. Multiple ChoiceYou are reviewing the results of an ABG. When the pH and the PaCO2 values are moving in opposite directions, the primary problem is:RespiratoryRenalMetabolicCompensation
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