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- 1. Multiple Choice
what unit is frequency measured in
joules
newton
amplitude
hertz
- 2. Multiple Choice
waves that move the medium parallel to the direction in which the waves travel are classified as which
longitudinal
crest
transverse
ocean
- 3. Multiple Choice
waves that move the particles of the medium across or at a right angle to the direction of the wave are known as which of the following terms
longitudinal
compression
transverse
rarefaction
- 4. Multiple Choice
what question could Eric ask to determine the difference between a sound or a light wave
What are the waves carrying?
How are the waves produced?
In what direction does the wave travel?
Do the waves need a medium to travel in?
- 5. Multiple Choice
Radio waves are transmitted to Earth from satellites; however, mechanical waves are unable to travel through space.
Which answer is the BEST explanation for how satellites work?
Radio waves are electromagnetic waves, and electromagnetic waves can travel through a vacuum.
Mechanical waves are electromagnetic waves, and electromagnetic waves can travel through a vacuum
Radio waves are not electromagnetic waves, but radio waves can travel through a vacuum.
Mechanical waves are not electromagnetic waves, but mechanical waves can travel through a vacuum.
- 6. Multiple Choice
Which question would be the BEST to ask to determine if a wave is an EM wave or a mechanical wave?
Does the wave contain energy?
Does it require a medium to travel?
Is it a longitudinal or transverse wave?
Does the wave have a crest and trough?
- 7. Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements does NOT describe the characteristics of mechanical waves and electromagnetic waves?
Electromagnetic waves are longitudinal waves and can travel through gases and vacuum.
Sound waves are mechanical waves and need a medium to travel. They travel fastest through the solids and liquids and slowest through the gases.
In a longitudinal wave, the compression is a region where the particles are closest together and rarefaction is a region where the particles are farthest apart.
Transverse waves have crests and troughs. A trough is the highest point on the wave that the medium rises to while a crest is the lowest point on the wave that the medium can sink to.
- 8. Multiple Choice
Which correctly describes measuring the period in transverse and longitudinal waves?
The period of a transverse wave is measured from the top of a crest to the top of the next crest, and the period of a longitudinal wave is measured from the beginning of one compression to the beginning of the next compression.
The period of a transverse wave is measured from the top of a crest to the bottom of the next trough, and the period of a longitudinal wave is measured from the end of a compression to the beginning of the next rarefaction.
The period of a longitudinal wave is measured from the top of a crest to the top of the next crest, and the period of a transverse wave is measured from the beginning of one compression to the beginning of the next compression.
The period of a longitudinal wave is measured from the top of a crest to the bottom of the next trough, and the period of a transverse wave is measured from the end of a compression to the beginning of the next rarefaction.
- 9. Multiple Choice
Horatio’s class is studying the electromagnetic spectrum.Which BEST explains the relationship between the electromagnetic spectrum, wavelength, and energy?
Radio waves have the shortest wavelength and produce the least amount of energy in the electromagnetic spectrum.
Visible light has the longest wavelength and produces the greatest amount of energy in the electromagnetic spectrum.
Gamma waves have the shortest wavelength and produce the greatest amount of energy in the electromagnetic spectrum.
X-Ray waves have the longest wavelength and produce the least amount of energy in the electromagnetic spectrum.
- 10. Multiple Choice
Why must x-ray technicians take special precautions that radio technicians do not have to take?
X-rays have much shorter wavelengths than radio waves, and are able to travel over and around more objects.
X-rays have the same wavelengths as radio waves, but they are able to transport more energy.
X-rays have much longer wavelengths than radio waves, allowing them to transport more energy.
X-rays have much shorter wavelengths than radio waves, allowing them to transport more energy.
- 11. Multiple Choice
Electromagnetic energy can be used in the medical field to treat various diseases. In order for electromagnetic energy to be used for this purpose, it must be able to be targeted to very specific cells within the body.Which of the following are characteristics of this type of electromagnetic energy?
low frequency; short wavelength
low frequency; long wavelength
high frequency; short wavelength
high frequency; long wavelength
- 12. Multiple Choice
The table shows the different wave frequencies for each color of visible light.
Which explanation correctly uses the data in the table to describe how the different color waves are related to each other in terms of energy?
All colors have less energy than violet light because energy is inversely proportional to frequency, and all colors have higher frequency than violet light.
All colors have more energy than red light because energy is inversely proportional to frequency, and all colors have a lower frequency than red light.
Violet light has nearly half the energy than red light because energy is directly proportional to frequency, and violet light has almost half the frequency than red light.
Violet light has nearly double the energy of red light because energy is directly proportional to frequency, and violet light has almost double the frequency than red light.
- 13. Multiple Choice
The table shows the different wave frequencies for each color of visible light.
Which explanation correctly uses the data in the table to describe how the different color waves are related to each other in terms of energy?
All colors have less energy than violet light because energy is inversely proportional to frequency, and all colors have higher frequency than violet light.
All colors have more energy than red light because energy is inversely proportional to frequency, and all colors have a lower frequency than red light.
Violet light has nearly half the energy than red light because energy is directly proportional to frequency, and violet light has almost half the frequency than red light.
Violet light has nearly double the energy of red light because energy is directly proportional to frequency, and violet light has almost double the frequency than red light.
- 14. Multiple Choice
This diagram shows the different types of electromagnetic waves with their range of frequencies.
Which explanation correctly compares the energy difference between X-rays and microwaves?
Microwaves have more energy than X-rays because the energy of electromagnetic waves increases when their frequency is lower, and microwaves have less frequency than X-rays.
X-rays have more energy than microwaves because the energy of electromagnetic waves increases when their frequency is greater, and X-rays have a greater frequency than microwaves.
X-rays have more energy than microwaves because the energy of electromagnetic waves increases when their wavelength is longer, and X-rays have a longer wavelength than microwaves.
Microwaves have more energy than X-rays because the energy of electromagnetic waves increases when their wavelength is longer, and microwaves have a longer wavelength than X-rays.
- 15. Multiple Choice
Bill is taking a science test. The following picture is on his test:
Which statement is the BEST way for Bill to describe the picture?
The electromagnetic spectrum is a wide range of different forms of heat that travel as waves. As amplitude increases, energy increases.
The electromagnetic spectrum is a wide range of different forms of light that travel as waves. As amplitude decreases, energy increases.
The electromagnetic spectrum is a wide range of different forms of energy that travel as waves. As frequency decreases, energy increases.
The electromagnetic spectrum is a wide range of different forms of sound that travel as waves. As frequency increases, energy increases.
- 16. Multiple Choice
Sea turtle researchers decided to install cameras at a nearby beach to capture images of any turtles that visited the beach during the night. The researchers were careful to select and install cameras that would not be detected by the sea turtles, ensuring they would not be disturbed.
Which type of electromagnetic waves should the scientists’ cameras use in order to safely capture images of the sea turtles at night?
infra-red
micro
ultra-violet
visible spectrum
- 17. Multiple Choice
A new company is making security cameras. These security cameras will be different than other security cameras because instead of detecting motion, they will detect body heat.
What type of electromagnetic wave will the camera detect?
gamma
infrared
microwave
radiowave
- 18. Multiple Choice
Microwave ovens use electromagnetic waves to cook food in half the time of a conventional oven. The electromagnetic waves can achieve this because the micro waves are able to penetrate deep into the food to heat it up thoroughly.
Why are microwaves the BEST electromagnetic wave to cook food?
Microwaves are extremely hot electromagnetic waves that can transfer their heat to the food being cooked.
Microwaves are the coldest electromagnetic waves that can transfer heat to the food, but they will not burn the food.
Microwaves are low frequency electromagnetic waves that travel at a low enough frequency to distribute heat to the center of the food being cooked.
Microwaves are high frequency electromagnetic waves that travel at a high enough frequency to distribute heat to the center of the food being cooked.
- 19. Multiple Choice
Food can be cooked in half the time if it is cooked in a microwave.
Which type of wave would need to be used in the microwave?
low Frequency, mechanical waves
high Frequency, mechanical waves
low Frequency, electromagnetic waves
high Frequency, electromagnetic waves
- 20. Multiple Choice
A submarine captain uses a periscope to observe ships above sea level. This is a long tube that has two surfaces attached at each end, which can direct visible light down the tube, enabling the captain to see objects above.
If you want to build your own periscope, what kind of material would be BEST to attach at each end and why?
Glass, because it is the most transparent to visible light.
Black cardboard, because it will absorb all the colors in visible light.
White cardboard, because it will reflect all the colors in visible light.
Mirrors, because shiny surfaces are the most reflective of visible light.
- 21. Multiple Choice
Jared is working to create a device that will allow him to find his pets when they get out at night.
Which of the following electromagnetic waves will BEST allow him to create this device?
X-rays would be the best electromagnetic wave to use because they have a frequency that is high enough they can see through objects.
Radio waves would be the best electromagnetic wave to use because they have a high enough frequency to allow light to be created from the waves.
Gamma waves would be the best electromagnetic wave because they have a high enough frequency to create radiation in an object that will supply light.
Infrared waves would be the best electromagnetic wave to use because infrared waves are in the visible light part of the spectrum, and they allow objects to be seen using night vision.
- 22. Multiple Choice
Gamma rays are best used to radiate cancer cells in patients that are diagnosed with cancer.
Which BEST explains why gamma rays are the most effective electromagnetic wave to complete this task?
Gamma waves are low frequency waves that have a low amount of energy. This lack of energy stops the cancer cells from growing in the body of patients.
Gamma waves are high frequency waves that can be slowed down to have a low amount of energy. This lack of energy stops the cancer cells from growing in the body of patients.
Gamma waves are high frequency waves that have a high amount of energy, and this energy is effective at attacking the DNA in cancer cells to keep them from continuing to grow.
Gamma waves are low frequency waves that can be used at a high amount of energy, and this energy is effective at attacking the DNA in cancer cells to keep them from continuing to grow.
- 23. Multiple Choice
X-Ray machines allow people to see through many different solid objects.
Which statement explains how this is possible?
X-ray waves are mechanical and travel at a low frequency.
X-ray waves are mechanical and travel at a high frequency.
X-ray waves are electromagnetic and travel at a low frequency.
X-ray waves are electromagnetic and travel at a high frequency.
- 24. Multiple Choice
Which of the following devices would NOT use waves found in the electromagnetic spectrum?
lamp
loudspeaker
radio
tv remote
- 25. Multiple Choice
Radio waves and visible light waves can travel through some materials but not others.
What is happening to the visible light waves as they come into contact with bricks, and what characteristics determine the behavior of the light waves?
They are reflected; wavelength and energy level.
They are refracted; wavelength and energy level.
They are reflected; wavelength, energy level, and composition of the material.
They are refracted; wavelength, energy level, and composition of the material.
- 26. Multiple Choice
Radio waves and visible light waves can travel through some materials but not others.
What is happening to the visible light waves as they come into contact with bricks, and what characteristics determine the behavior of the light waves?
They are reflected; wavelength and energy level.
They are refracted; wavelength and energy level.
They are reflected; wavelength, energy level, and composition of the material.
They are refracted; wavelength, energy level, and composition of the material.
- 27. Multiple Choice
The diagram models what happened when light was shown on two different materials, T1 and T2.
Which statement is MOST LIKELY true about material T1 or T2?
Material T1 must be dark or opaque because the light waves were absorbed.
Material T1 must be dark or opaque because the light waves were reflected.
Material T2 must be metallic or shiny because the light waves were absorbed.
Material T2 must be metallic or shiny because the light waves were refracted.
- 28. Multiple Choice
Look at the model of light waves.
Which of the following BEST explains the information shown in the models?
Light waves pass through dark colored items.
Light waves are absorbed into dark colored items, and they are reflected off light colored items.
Dark colored objects reflect light waves, and light waves are absorbed into light colored objects.
Light colored items attract light waves because the light waves are absorbed into the light-colored objects.
- 29. Multiple Choice
White light passing through a prism is refracted twice – once when it enters the prism and once when it exits the prism. Why does red appear first in the visible light spectrum?
Red light has the shortest wavelength, so it is refracted the least.
Red light has the shortest wavelength, so it is refracted the most.
Red light has the longest wavelength, so it is refracted the most.
Red light has the longest wavelength, so it is refracted the least.
- 30. Multiple Choice
Bats use echolocation to find their prey. If the prey is moving away from the bat, the returning echo will have a lower pitch than the original sound, while the echo from the prey moving toward the bat will have a higher pitch.Which of the following graphs could indicate that a prey is moving towards the bat?
- 31. Multiple Choice
Rose is studying how light is reflected. She lets sunshine hit a cloverleaf and observes it is green.
What color do you predict the green clover would be if Rose shines only a red light on it?
red
green
black
white
- 32. Multiple Choice
Rose is studying how light is reflected. She lets sunshine hit a cloverleaf and observes it is green.
What color do you predict the green clover would be if Rose shines only a red light on it?
red
green
black
white
- 33. Multiple Choice
Helen is studying how light behaves when it enters an opening. She paints the inside of a wood box white and carves a small opening in the front. Then, she places it where it can get light from a lamp.
What color do you predict the small opening will look like once Helen closes the box?
- 34. Multiple Choice
The students in Miss Terrell’s class have been studying light waves. Miss Terrell gave the students this photo to study.
Which behavior of the light wave is demonstrated in this model?
absorption
diffraction
reflection
refraction
- 35. Multiple Choice
The diagram depicts the different behaviors of light waves as it strikes different surfaces.Which THREE statements are correct based on the information in the diagram?
A mirror and black material both stop light waves from continuing to travel.
A flashlight emits light waves through an opening that causes the light to diffract.
Water is a medium that allows light waves to pass through without affecting the behavior of the waves.
Glass and water both allow light waves to pass through them, but the water causes the light waves to refract.
White material reflects light waves, and black material causes the light waves to be absorbed.
- 36. Multiple Choice
How will the sound waves travel if they reflect after hitting the flat wall?
The sound waves will bend after passing through the wall.
The sound waves will move through the wall.
The sound waves will return to the person.
The sound waves will stop at the wall.
- 37. Multiple Choice
Which wave behaviors are illustrated in the diagram?
reflection and refraction
reflection and absorption
refraction and absorption
refraction and diffraction
- 38. Multiple Choice
A group of students used these models to compare and contrast sound and light waves as they travel from air to water.Which distinction can be made based on the models?
As refraction causes light and sound waves to bend as they travel from air to water, light waves bend toward the normal because they speed up, and sound waves bend away from the normal because they slow down.
As refraction causes light and sound waves to bend as they travel from air to water, light waves bend toward the normal because they slow down, and sound waves bend away from the normal because they speed up.
As reflection causes light and sound waves to bend as they travel from air to water, light waves bend away from the normal because they speed up, and sound waves bend toward the normal because they slow down.
As reflection causes light and sound waves to bend as they travel from air to water, light waves bend toward the normal because they slow down, and sound waves bend away from the normal because they speed up.
- 39. Multiple Choice
A group of scientists were studying wave speed through different densities of rock. They tested wave speed through rock that had high density, medium density, and low density.
Which is the BEST conclusion the scientists can make?
Wave speed was the same in each density of rock.
Wave speed was faster in the high density rock.
Wave speed was faster in the medium density rock.
Wave speed was slower in the low density rock.
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