On what kind of a reinforcement schedule does a slot machine work?

A stimulus that causes an automatic response

In Watson and Rayner's experiment "Little Albert" began to fear all objects that were white and furry because of

Primary and secondary reinforcers are important in

Conducted classical conditioning experiment on Little Albert for him to fear a white rat after pairing with a loud noise.

Along with Robert Koelling he studied taste aversion in rats noticing rats would avoid water in radiation chambers due to it making them ill; he also helped with having wolves be fearful of sheep for ranch farmers. Timing of Conditioned Stimulus can be delayed and still have much power.

Russian physiologist known primarily for his work in classical conditioning with dogs and salivation.

Influential psychologist conducting research on operant conditioning; animals and humans can be trained using positive and negative reinforcement; as well as positive and negative punishment.

is an influential social cognitive psychologist who is perhaps best known for his social learning theory, the concept of self-efficacy, and his famous Bobo doll experiments.

His theory of learned helplessness is popular among scientific and clinical psychologists.

Learning to make an involuntary response to a stimulus other than the original, natural stimulus that normally produces the response.

An involuntary and unlearned response to a naturally occurring or unconditioned stimulus. In Pavlov’s dogs, the salivation to the food.

A previously neutral stimulus that becomes able to produce a conditioned response, after pairing with an unconditioned stimulus. In Pavlov’s dogs, when the dogs linked the bowl with the food.

A learned response to a conditioned stimulus. In Pavlov’s dogs, when the dog salivates at the sight of the bowl, even when it’s empty.

The reappearance of a learned response after extinction has occurred.

The disappearance or weakening of a learned response following the removal or absence of the unconditioned stimulus or the removal of a reinforcer.

Any event of stimulus, that when following a response, increased the probability that the response will occur again.

A reinforcer that fulfills a basic need like hunger. Examples: any kind of food, liquid, or touch.

A reinforcer that gets its reinforcing properties from being associated with primary reinforcers in the past. Example: A child given money to spend soon realizes that the ugly green paper can be traded for candy and treats, so the money becomes reinforcing in and of itself.

When a reinforcer is receiver after a certain amount of time has passed, such as receiving a paycheck every other week.

When the interval of a of time after which the individual must respond in order to receive a reinforcer changes from one time to the next, such as a pop quiz.

Any event or stimulus that, when following a response, causes that response to be less likely to happen again.

Occurs when something unpleasant (such as spanking, scolding, etc.) is added to the situation or applied.

When behavior is punished by the removal of something pleasurable or desired after the behavior occurs.

An athlete signs a contract whereby her salary increases are renegotiated every three years. This is an example of a _____ schedule of reinforcement.

A father is frustrated because his 3-year-old daughter has started to spit frequently. He has decided to temporarily put one of her toys away each time she spits. He is going to continue doing this until she has stopped spitting. His plan uses

Bradley is a distractible second-grade student who finds schoolwork boring. After a couple of minutes of working silently, Bradley often starts to misbehave until his teacher, Ms. Skinner, calls his name and scolds him. However, he enjoys this attention from her and continues to misbehave. With respect to Bradley's misbehavior, Ms. Skinner’s attention serves as

Which of the following have been shown to have

a positive correlation?

Latent learning demonstrates that

When potty-training a toddler, a parent will often start by reinforcing behaviors that are successively closer to the end goal of peeing on the potty, e.g. recognizing the need to pee and just sitting on the potty. This approach is an example of

Behavior: Amy ran away

Consequence: Her parents changed the locks

Behavior: Joy smiles at everyone

Consequence: She makes a lot of friends

Behavior: Zane has his phone out in class

Consequence: He gets it taken away

Behavior: Stanley gets straight As

Consequence: Parents release him from his grounding

When Little Albert generalized his fear of the white rat that meant

Mariah developed a fear of the water when she fell off a river raft last summer. This year she took swimming lessons and thought she had finally overcome her fear of water. She was eagerly looking forward to an upcoming rafting trip, however, as soon as she stepped onto the raft she was instantly terrified again.

Carly used to feel nausea when going to McDonalds because she associated the food with illness. After a few good meals there, she no longer feels the nausea. Which prinicple?

In Albert Bandura's famous "Bobo doll" experiments, children who saw an aggressive model were more aggressive with the Bobo doll than children who did not see an aggressive model. This reflects what form of learning?

Which is the initial stage of learning?

Who studied salivation responses in dogs?

Feelings of non control in a competitive situation is called: