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- 1. Multiple Choice
The spectral classes of four stars are shown in comparison with an HR diagram.
Based on the information, which star is most like our Sun?
Star 1
Star 2
Star 3
Star 4
- 2. Multiple Choice
Which statement best describes a galaxy?
A cloud of gas that is the birthplace of stars
A system of billions of stars, gas, and dust held together by gravity
A ball of plasma that experiences nuclear fusion in its core
A mass of dust and ice that orbits a star in an elliptical pattern
- 3. Multiple Choice
Most stars in the universe fit into one of the four areas on the HR diagram.
Which area of the diagram represents the white dwarfs?
Area M
Area X
Area P
Area Z
- 4. Multiple Choice
In November 2013 an object orbiting the Sun seemed to disappear behind the Sun. When a satellite did not detect the object, astronomers thought that the object had been destroyed when it passed close to the Sun. However, when another satellite detected a small, bright object with a fan-shaped tail, astronomers proposed that the object was not destroyed.
What type of object were astronomers most likely observing?
A comet
An asteroid
A meteor
A nebula
- 5. Multiple Choice
Which of these correctly compares the masses of different objects in the universe?
A moon has less mass than a star and more mass than the planet it orbits
A planet has less mass than a galaxy and more mass than the star it orbits
A galaxy has less mass than a moon and more mass than a planet
A star has less mass than a galaxy and more mass than a planet
- 6. Multiple Choice
Barnard's Star is about 5.9 light-years from the Sun. The star has an approximate temperature of 2,800 K.
Based on the diagram, what spectral class does Barnard's Star belong to?
Spectral class O
Spectral class B
Spectral class A
Spectral class M
- 7. Multiple Choice
The HR diagram shows how the Sun is classified among the stars.
A star that is several thousand times brighter than the Sun with a temp lower than 4,000 K is classified as -
A main-sequence star in spectral class B
A supergiant in spectral class K
A main-sequence star in spectral class K or M
A white dwarf in spectral class B
- 8. Multiple Choice
Two stars are identified on the HR diagram below.
Based on this diagram, how do the characteristics of Star 1 and Star 2 compare?
Star 1 is cooler and less bright than Star 2
Star 1 is hotter and brighter than Star 2
Star 1 is cooler and brighter than Star 2
Star 1 is hotter and less bright than Star 2
- 9. Multiple Choice
The universe has many different components. Which list places four components of the universe in the most likely order from largest to smallest?
Planets, stars, galaxies, nebulae
Nebulae, stars, planets, galaxies
Galaxies, nebulae, stars, planets
Planets, stars, nebulae, galaxies
- 10. Multiple Choice
The Milky Way galaxy is described as a disk of stars orbiting a central point on the disk. Which of these best explains why people on Earth cannot see the entire shape of the Milky Way?
Earth is a part of this galaxy
Many more stars exist outside the galaxy
The stars in the center of the galaxy are extremely small
The center of the galaxy consists of a dense cluster of stars
- 11. Multiple Choice
An HR diagram is shown.
Based on this diagram, which type of stars would belong to spectral class M and have the highest luminosity?
Main-sequence stars
Giants
White dwarfs
Supergiants
- 12. Multiple Choice
Four students are asked to describe a nebula and a star. Their responses are shown in the table.
Which students described these two celestial bodies correctly?
Student 1
Student 2
Student 3
Student 4
- 13. Multiple Choice
The HR diagram below shows how the brightness, surface temperature, and color of stars are related.
Which of these observations of Barnard's Star is most likely accurate?
Barnard's Star is less bright than the Sun, has a surface temperature below 3,800 K, and is red
Barnard's Star is less bright than the Sun, has a surface temperature above 3,800 K, and is red
Barnard's Star is brighter than the Sun, has a surface temperature below 5,300 K, and is yellow
Barnard's Star is brighter than the Sun, has a surface temperature above 5,300 K, and is yellow
- 14. Multiple Choice
A large cloud of gas and dust in interstellar space; the predecessor to stars:
Constellation
Black hole
Nebula
Galaxy
- 15. Multiple Choice
In the HR diagram, what happens as we move to the left?
Stars get brighter
Stars get colder
Stars get dimmer
Stars get hotter
- 16. Multiple Choice
Which category is our Sun located?
White Dwarfs
Main Sequence
Giants
Supergiants
- 17. Multiple Choice
The category that contains the most stars is:
White dwarfs
Main sequence
Giants
Super giants
- 18. Multiple Choice
Which star is the coldest?
Blue star
Yellow star
Orange star
Red star
- 19. Multiple Choice
What shape is our galaxy?
Irregular
Spiral
Elliptical
None of the above
- 20. Multiple Choice
Based on this diagram, which type of stars would belong to spectral class G and have the highest luminosity?
Main sequence stars
Giants
Super giants
White dwarfs
- 21. Multiple Choice
The Milky Way galaxy is described as a disk of stars orbiting a central point on a disk. Which of these best explains why people on Earth cannot see the entire shape of the Milky Way?
Earth is a part of this galaxy
Many more stars exist outside the galaxy
The stars in the center of the galaxy are extremely small
The center of the galaxy consists of a dense cluster of stars
- 22. Multiple Choice
Compared to the rest of of the stars, our Sun is considered:
Extremely large and cold
Small with a medium temperature
Medium size and medium temperature
Extremely large and hot
- 23. Multiple Choice
Nebulae are mixtures of gases and:
Clouds
Stars
Tiny particles
Dust
- 24. Multiple Choice
Why do other stars appear so much smaller than our Sun?
They are much smaller
They are so far away
They are not as bright
They are dwarf stars
- 25. Multiple Choice
The H-R Diagram is a graph that shows the relationship between _________ & _________?
Temperature and color
Temperature and brightness
Brightness and color
Distance and brightness
- 26. Multiple Choice
What is a star?
A sphere of dust and gases that contains many elements and produces light from fusion and fission reactions
A collection of gases from several nebulae hot enough to cause a nuclear reaction
A sphere of matter with a density and a temperature great enough to cause a nuclear reaction at its center
A collection of hot gases that forms a sphere but produces no light
- 27. Multiple Choice
Which star has the lowest temperature?
A
B
C
D
- 28. Multiple Choice
The frequency of infrared waves is:
1012
1020
104
1015
- 29. Multiple Choice
Scientists observed a celestial object emitting a wavelength of 3 x 10-10m. What type of telescope did the scientists have to use to view this?
Radio Wave
Infrared ray
X-ray
Gamma ray
- 30. Multiple Choice
The wavelength of an infrared ray is:
10-5
1012
105
10-12
- 31. Multiple Choice
Why does Earth get more energy from the Sun than from all the other stars in the universe combined?
The Sun is much larger than the other stars
The Sun is much hotter than the other stars
The Sun is much more dense than the other stars
The Sun is much closer than the other stars
- 32. Multiple Choice
Earth's atmosphere blocks short wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum. Which telescopes must be placed in orbit around Earth in order to observe short-wavelength radiation?
Gamma-Ray telescopes
Visible-light telescopes
Infrared telescopes
Radio telescopes
- 33. Multiple Choice
Quasars are extremely distant celestial bodies. Investigators using a special telescope determined that a certain quasar was emitting waves with a frequency of 1.41x109 Hz.
The investigators were most likely using a telescope that detects:
Microwaves
Visible light
X-rays
Gamma rays
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