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- 1. Multiple ChoiceWhich best describes a fossil that helps determine the relative age of a rock layer?trace fossilindex fossilradioactive fossilunconformity fossil
- 2. Multiple ChoiceThe index fossil of a type of trilobite is discovered in layer A of a set of rock layers found at three different sites of a field investigation. Which conclusion can be made about the rocks in layer A at all three sites?The rocks are all different agesThe rocks are all about the same ageThe rocks were formed from melting magmaThe rocks were formed during a catastrophic event
- 3. Multiple ChoiceFossil remains of a trilobite are most likely to be found in which type of rock?igneousvolcanicsedimentarymetamorphic
- 4. Multiple ChoiceWhich statement best describes the Law of Superposition?Each sedimentary layer of rock represents 1,000 years of Earth's age, much like the rings of a tree.In undisturbed layers of sedimentary rocks, the upper rock layers are older than the lower rock layers.In undisturbed layers of sedimentary rock, the lowest layers contain the older rocks.Rocks that form near volcanoes are older than surrounding rock.
- 5. Multiple Choice
Which statement best supports the inference that most of Earth's present-day land surfaces have, at one time, been covered by water?
Volcanic eruptions contain large amounts of water vapor
Coral reefs formed, in the past, along the edges of many continents
Seafloor spreading has pulled landmasses apart and pushed them together.
Sedimentary bedrock of marine origin covers large areas of Earth's continents.
- 6. Multiple Choice
Volcanic ash can be used as a time marker to correlate rock layers because the ash
is deposited rapidly over a large area
represents a buried erosional surface
forms intrusive igneous rock
cuts across rock layers
- 7. Multiple Choice
During the late Silurian epoch, very salty seas extended from New York State to Michigan. These environmental conditions resulted in the formation of halite layers. At the same time, Eurypterus remipes lived in nearby environments. Both the halite layers and Eurypterus remipes fossils can now be used to identify a specific geologic time interval because both formed over a
large geographic area and in a short geologic time
large geographic area and in a long geologic time
small geographic area and in a short geologic time
small geographic area and in a long geologic time
- 8. Multiple Choice
What lettered rock layer is the youngest?
A
B
C
D
- 9. Multiple Choice
Volcanic ash deposits such as these are usually excellent geologic time markers because they
occur at regular time intervals
spread over a large area in a short amount of time
represent a time gap in the rock record
contain index fossils from different time periods
- 10. Multiple Choice
When the rock layers in the three outcrops are correlated, the oldest layer is the
shale layer in outcrop I
siltstone layer in outcrop II
limestone layer in outcrop III
conglomerate layer in outcrop III
- 11. Multiple Choice
Which fossil could be classified as an index fossil?
- 12. Multiple Choice
Which fossil could best be used as an index fossil?
W
X
Y
Z
- 13. Multiple Choice
Organisms that later became good index fossils lived over a
wide geographic area and existed for a long geologic time
wide geographic area and existed for a short geologic time
limited geographic area and existed for a long geologic time
limited geographic area and existed for a short geologic time
- 14. Multiple Choice
Thin layers of volcanic ash act as excellent time markers in the correlation of bedrock because volcanic ash
is easily eroded and lasts only a short time on Earth's surface
stays in the atmosphere for millions of years
is deposited over millions of years
falls to Earth over a large area in a short period of time
- 15. Multiple Choice
Rock layer X at location B is most likely the same relative as which rock layer at location A?
1
2
3
4
- 16. Multiple Choice
When the rock layers at outcrops A, B, C, and D are correlated, which rock layer would be determined to be the oldest?
quartzite
marble
gneiss
sandstone
- 17. Multiple Choice
Evidence best indicates that rock layers 4 and 8 were deposited during the same geologic period because both layers
contain the same index fossil
are composed of glacial sediments
contain index fossils of the same age
are found in the same area
- 18. Multiple Choice
Which fossil appears to have the best characteristics of an index fossil?
A
B
C
D
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