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- 1. Multiple Choice
Which is NOT true of chicken and beef production?
More than seven times as much grain is required to produce 1 kg of beef than 1 kg of poultry
More than 1 calorie of energy is needed to produce 1 calorie of beef or chicken
The energy content of 1 kg of beef is equal to the energy content of 1 kg of poultry.
Grain fed poultry and cattle are both primary consumers.
Energy subsidies for beef and poultry vary based on farm size.
- 2. Multiple Choice
Which is NOT an associated affect of raising animals for food?.
. More people are fed using less energy than when raising crops for food.
. Consumers of animal products are secondary ecological consumers.
. A smaller portion of energy passes to the next level than is the case with crop food
. More land is required per meat calorie consumed.
Cost of food rises from an increase in farmer input, fuel input, and competition for grain.
- 3. Multiple Choice
Which is NOT true regarding of the mechanization of agriculture?
The use of machines encourages farmers to grow several types of plants on a single farm
There is an economic advantage to using machines when fuel prices are low.
There is an economic advantage to using machines when cost of labor is high
Staple crops such as beans and corn are more economically harvestable using machines.
Mechanization allows farms to take advantage of economies of scale.
- 4. Multiple Choice
Which is NOT a disadvantage of monocropping?
Erosion due to exposure of large areas of soil during planting
Nutrition and pesticide needs do not change
More vulnerable to pests that prefer a high concentration of food
Loss of habitat for natural pest predators
Reduction of productivity due to loss of nutrient-rich topsoil
- 5. Multiple Choice
After many years of applying a selective pesticide, a farmer notices that the applications seem less effective. What is the most likely explanation for this change?.
The pesticide is fat soluble and has been bioaccumulating.
New pest species are taking the place of those that have been exterminated.
The farmer is not applying enough pesticide
The target species has begun to evolve resistance.
The pesticide needs to be fine-tuned for the target species.
- 6. Multiple Choice
Atrazine is chemical sprayed onto a golf course in order to prevent the spread of broadleaf weeds from emerging in the grass. Atrazine is
. a synthetic fertilizer
an herbicide.
an insecticide
an organic fertilizer
a genetically modified crop
- 7. Multiple Choice
Research indicates that genetically modified crops can influence an environment’s ________ by competing with or reproducing with native crops.
a. biodiversity
waterlogging
salinization
natural herbicides
synthetic fertilizer
- 8. Multiple Choice
Which is NOT a negative impact of concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs)?
High concentrations of animal waste
Increase in nutrients in stormwater runoff
Increase in sediments in stormwater runoff
More land used than in other types of animal farming
Increase in strains of antibiotic resistant microorganisms
- 9. Multiple Choice
Turtle excluder devices allow sea turtles to pass safely through nets used to catch shrimp. These special nets are
a bycatch reduction device
required by the Endangered Species Act
required by the Farm Bill of 1990
a way to manage fisheries for collapse
required by the Sustainable Fisheries Act.
- 10. Multiple Choice
Which statement about sustainable agriculture is NOT true?
Sustainable agriculture is often based on traditional agriculture techniques
Sustainable agriculture emphasizes long-term use of the land.
Because sustainable agriculture is labor intensive, it is expensive in areas with high labor costs.
Sustainable agriculture does not take into account the economic viability of the farmer.
Sustainable agriculture uses techniques to protect soil substrate and nutrients.
- 11. Multiple Choice
Farmers use various methods of irrigation on crops. Which of the following statements correctly pairs an irrigation method with an advantage or disadvantage?
Drip irrigation is readily used in large-scale farming because of the low cost associated with this method.
Furrow irrigation is a method in which farmers plant two different types of crops in alternating strips which increases productivity.
Flood irrigation is often used in agricultural fields, however, it increases surface erosion and salinization of the soil
Spray irrigation loses the least amount of water to evaporation.
- 12. Multiple Choice
The development of dangerous strains of disease organisms represents a significant consequence of which of the following agricultural practices?
Using herbicides in mechanized, large-scale grain farming
Growing crops that are genetically modified for increased yields
Incorporating antibiotics into the feeding regimens of densely concentrated livestock
Including the use of legumes into crop rotation protocols
- 13. Multiple Choice
Which of the following describes a fundamental characteristic of the green revolution in food resources?
The application of higher levels of organic fertilizers to increase rice production
The addition of calorie, fat, and fiber percentage to the information provided on food package labels
Deforestation to provide field crops with increased sunlight for photosynthesis
The development of new strains of crops with higher yields
- 14. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is an environmental problem associated with abandoned coal mines?
Thermal pollution of streams in the area
Air pollution caused by smog from ozone formation
Acid drainage due to leaching of spoil heaps by rainwater
Alkaline solutions that pollute streams
- 15. Multiple Choice
An insect population in an agricultural field is affected by monthly applications of a pesticide, as shown in the graph above. A likely cause of the overall increase in the insect population over time is
an increase in the population of insect predators
an increase in average temperature over the summer
an increase in soil salinity
the survival of increasing numbers of resistant insects
- 16. Multiple Choice
Mineral nutrients are present primarily in the
A horizon, the zone of eluviation
C horizon, the parent rock
B horizon, the subsoil
B horizon, the topsoil
E horizon, the zone of leaching.
- 17. Multiple Choice
Which is NOT a characteristic of metamorphic rocks?
They are formed when other rock is subjected to high temperature.
They include marble and slate.
They are structurally very strong.
They are formed by compression by overlying sediments.
They can result from exposure to tectonic forces.
- 18. Multiple Choice
Urban blight can best be described as the result of
a positive feedback loop involving the migration of goods and services away from an urban center
a negative feedback loop involving the migration of goods and services toward an urban center.
a negative feedback loop involving the migration of goods and services away from an urban center.
a positive feedback loop involving tax revenue used to build roads which leads to urban exodus.
a positive feedback loop involving the migration of goods and services toward an urban center.
- 19. Multiple Choice
Cation exchange capacity in clay
is high, meaning that it retains water efficiently.
is high, meaning that it adsorbs and releases positively charged ions.
is low, meaning that it releases ions with a negative charge.
is low, meaning that it cannot adsorb positively charged ions.
- 20. Multiple Choice
The infiltration of pollutants into groundwater
is rare in areas with sandy soils because water flows through these soils easily.
is more likely in regions that contain basaltic bedrock.
is common in areas with clay soils because water flows through these soils easily.
is common in areas with sandy soils because water flows through these soils easily.
- 21. Multiple Choice
Which material is best as a liner for a landfill?
Clay
Silt
Sand
Loam
- 22. Multiple Choice
Cation exchange capacity in clay
is high, meaning that it retains water efficiently.
is high, meaning that it adsorbs and releases positively charged ions.
is low, meaning that it releases ions with a negative charge.
is low, meaning that it cannot adsorb positively charged ions.
- 23. Multiple Choice
According to the World Health Organization, a person is obese if that person is
50 percent above ideal weight.
20 percent below ideal weight.
5 percent above ideal weight.
20 percent above ideal weight.
- 24. Multiple Choice
Which is NOT a function of soil?
Filters water and atmospheric chemical compounds
Binds with greenhouse gases
Provides a habitat for organisms
Offers a location for recycling organic matter
Provides an anchor for plants
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