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- 1. Multiple Choice
Which of the following supports the argument that viruses are nonliving?
Their DNA does not encode proteins
They have RNA rather than DNA
They are not cellular
They do not evolve
- 2. Multiple Choice
Viruses _____.
use the host cell to copy themselves and then viruses to synthesize their own proteins
metabolize food to produce their own ATP
use the host cell to copy themselves and make viral proteins
manufacture their own ATP, proteins, and nucleic acids
- 3. Multiple Choice
The host range of the virus is determined by ____.
whether or not its nucleic acid is DNA or RNA
the proteins on the surface and that of the host
the enzymes carried by the virus
the protein's in the hosts cytoplasm
- 4. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is characteristic of the lytic cycle?
the viral genome replicates without destroying the host
Viral DNA is incorporated into the host genome
a large number of phages are released at a time
the virus-host relationship usually lasts for generations
- 5. Multiple Choice
Which viruses have single stranded RNA that acts as a template for DNA synthesis?
viroids
bacteriophages
retroviruses
proviruses
- 6. Multiple Choice
What is the function or reverse transcriptase in retroviruses?
it uses viral RNA as a template for DNA synthesis
it translates viral RNA into proteins
it converts host cell RNA into viral DNA
it uses viral RNA as a template for making complimentary RNA strands
- 7. Multiple Choice
The first class of drugs developed to treat AIDS, such as AZT, were known as reverse transcriptase inhibitors. They worked because they ___.
bonded to the viral reverse transcriptase enzyme, thus preventing the virus from making a DNA copy of its RNA genome.
prevented host cells from producing the enzymes used by the virus to replicate its genome
bonded to the dsDNA genome of the virus in such a way that it could not separate for replication to occur
targeted and destroyed the viral genome before it could be reverse transcribed into DNA
- 8. Multiple Choice
Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus that requires reverse transcriptase to transcribe the genome inside the host cell?
AIDS
smallpox
herpes
influenza
- 9. Multiple Choice
Which of the following can be effective in preventing the onset of viral infection in humans?
taking antibiotics
taking vitamins
taking drugs that inhibit transcription
getting vaccinated
- 10. Multiple Choice
What are prions?
tiny circular molecules of RNA that can infect plants
misfolded versions of normal proteins that can causes disease
viral DNA that attaches itself to the host cell genome and cause disease
mobile segments of DNA
- 11. Multiple Choice
Why do scientists consider HIV to be an emerging virus?
HIV is now starting to cause diseases other than AIDS, such as rare types of cancer and pneumonia
HIV infected humans long before the 80's, but it has now mutated to a more deadly form
HIV mutates rapidly making the virus very different from HIV in the early 80's
HIV suddenly became more apparent and widespread in the 80's
- 12. Multiple Choice
Which of the following features would characterize a lytic cycle of viral infection?
it endows the host bacterium with the ability to cause disease
it always leads to lyses of the host cell
it is seen only with viruses that infect bacteria
it is seen only with viruses that infect plants
- 13. Multiple Choice
The envelope of an enveloped virus
helps the virus enter the cell
is coded for by viral genes
helps the virus insert its DNA into the host cell genome
accounts for viruses resistant to antibiotics
- 14. Multiple Choice
Viral DNA that is inserted into the chromosome of a host bacterium is called
an associated viral infection
a lytic infection
a viroid
a prophage
- 15. Multiple Choice
What kind of genetic material is found in most viruses that infect plants?
none
RNA
DNA and RNA
double-stranded DNA
- 16. Multiple Choice
Most new viral diseases arise as a result of
genetic engineering mistkaes
humans coming in contact with isolated habitats
mutation of existing viruses
the overuse of antibiotics
- 17. Multiple Choice
HIV preferentially infects
the adrenal glands
pancreatic cells
gametes
white blood cells
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