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- 1. Multiple Choice
“As historians from Karl Marx through Georges Lefebvre and Albert Soboul have argued, the main accomplishment of the French Revolution was to abolish feudalism in France and to clear the ground for capitalist economic expansion and the rule of the bourgeoisie.” Which of the following views is consistent with the interpretation above?
The Revolution strengthened the domination of landed proprietors in France.
The Revolution eliminated guilds, seigneurial rights, and other obstacles to French agricultural and industrial advance
The long-term transition from feudalism to capitalism occurred over many centuries, not between 1789 and 1794.
The Revolution abolished private property in France and thus created a modern democratic society
Both before and after the Revolution, France was ruled by leaders drawn from the ranks of the nobility and bourgeoisie.
- 2. Multiple Choice
The most recent “revisionist” view of the French Revolution
rejects the Marxist materialist and economic interpretation
blames the revolution on the sans culottes
argues that Louis XVI was a brilliant but unlucky statesman
focuses on the early career of Napoleon
argues that poor harvests were the sole cause of the revolution
- 3. Multiple Choice
On the eve of the French Revolution, France was the wealthiest, most influential, and most populous
nation in Europe. Its population was approximately
100 million
50 million
25 million
15 million
10 million
- 4. Multiple Choice
Which best describes the Third Estate prior to the French Revolution?
It consisted of the peasantry.
The First and Second Estates outnumbered it in terms of population.
It included the middle class, peasants, and urban workers.
It had the right to tax peasants for its own profit.
It was exempt from the tithe
- 5. Multiple Choice
The sequence of events that led to the French Revolution of 1789 is best summarized by which of the
following?
Lafayette’s call for democracy, royal suppression of the National Assembly, Robespierre’s leading a peasant revolution
Peasant uprisings, royal abdication, election of the National Assembly
Franco-Austrian War, urban riots, convening of the Assembly of Notables
Widespread famine, repression of riots, guerrilla war
Royal financial crisis, convening of the Estates General, storming of the Bastille
- 6. Multiple Choice
King Louis XVI of France made a serious blunder when he
A restored the parlements to authority
re-appointed Necker
tried to cooperate with the National Assembly
opposed the war with Austria
signed his wife's death warrant
- 7. Multiple Choice
Maupoeu wished to do away with the old parlements of France because
they interfered with the king's efforts to raise an army
the judges were frequently corrupt
they blocked tax reform by declaring new measures unconstitutional.
they had close ties to the Church
they were carryovers from the Middle Ages and, therefore, hopelessly out of touch with modern
politics
- 8. Multiple Choice
The immediate cause of the outbreak of revolution in 1789 was
grinding poverty among all classes of society
government oppression
the ideas of the philosophes
the insensitivity of Marie Antoinette
the government's financial crisis
- 9. Multiple Choice
The lists of grievances, or cahiers de doléances, brought by members of the Estates-General to Versailles in 1789 called for
The immediate overthrow of Louis XVI
Universal adult suffrage
Tax equity
The separation of church and state
Renewal of provincial and city charters
- 10. Multiple Choice
When the French people drew up cahiers (lists of grievances) in 1789 for the Estates-General to consider, which of the following would NOT have been likely?
The peasants wanted relief from feudal dues
The bourgeoisie called for access to high office in the military and government
Shopkeepers wanted an end to unnecessary taxes on commerce
The nobles wanted an expansion of royal power.
The clergy wanted protection of monastic lands
- 11. Multiple Choice
Many historians divide the French Revolution into these three distinct stages:
"The Great Fear," "The Reign of Terror," and "The Directory"
The Monarchy, the Republic, the Empire
The radical, the moderate, and the reactionary stages
The moderate, the radical, and the reactionary stages
The storming of the Bastille, of the Tuileries, of the National Convention
- 12. Multiple Choice
Sieyes's What Is the Third Estate? argued that
the clergy and the nobility contributed little to the life of the country
the estates should vote by estates
the third estate should have the right to vote
taxes on the poor should be reduced
all citizens should be equal before the law
- 13. Multiple Choice
Which of the following factors led most immediately to the convening of the French Estates-General in
May 1789?
The conflict between the bourgeoisie and the peasantry
The Roman Catholic church’s support of discontented factions in French society
The agitation of the peasantry
Competition between elitist groups for royal approval
The impending bankruptcy of the French government
- 14. Multiple Choice
Louis XVI of France convened the Estates General in 1789 for the first time in over 150 years because
he wanted to show support for the growing democratic movement
he wanted approval to exempt the First and Second Estates from taxation
he wanted approval for taxing all landowners in the realm
he needed funds to help support the American cause against the British
he needed a legislative body to check the powers of Parlement of Paris
- 15. Multiple Choice
Although the Storming of the Bastille on July 14, 1789 is celebrated as the "start of the French Revolution," the first act of revolution may have been the resolve of the Third Estate to write a constitution. It is of
the first session of the Estates General
the swearing of the Tennis Court Oath
the storming of the Tuileries
the forming of the National Assembly
the public proclamation of the Declaration of the Rights of Man
- 16. Multiple Choice
“The National Assembly, considering that it has been summoned to establish the constitution of the kingdom, to
effect the regeneration of public order, and to maintain the true principles of monarchy; that nothing can prevent it from continuing its deliberations in whatever place it may be forced to establish itself; and, finally, that wheresoever its members are assembled, there is the National Assembly; Decrees that all members of this Assembly shall immediately take a solemn oath not to separate, and to reassemble wherever circumstances require, until the constitution of the kingdom is established and consolidated upon firm foundations; and that, the said oath taken, all members and each one of them individually shall ratify this steadfast resolution by signature.” This document records an oath of unity taken by members of the
English Parliament in their opposition to Charles I, thus marking the beginning of the Puritan revolt
English Parliament in their opposition to James II, thus marking the beginning of the Glorious Revolution
First Continental Congress in their opposition to George III, thus marking the beginning of the American Revolutionary War
French Estates General in opposition to Louis XVI, thus marking the beginning of the French Revolution
French legislative assembly in response to the defeat of Napoleon I, thus marking the restoration of the French monopoly.
- 17. Multiple Choice
This agreement is commonly known as the
Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
Oath of Supremacy
Carlsbad Decrees
Tennis Court Oath
Petition of Right
- 18. Multiple Choice
White is the color most closely associated with which of the following?
Republicans
Portugal
Royalists
Liberals
Communists
- 19. Multiple Choice
What period of the French Revolution is depicted in the image above?
The drought of 1888
storming of the Bastille
The Directory
The Great Fear
The National Assembly
- 20. Multiple Choice
Early in the French Revolution, the National Assembly agreed to peasant demand for an end to all things feudal in order to
restore law and order.
get the support of the sans culottes
carry out Rousseau's ideas from his Social Contract
punish the nobility for not supporting the third estate
carry out the principles of the new constitution
- 21. Multiple Choice
"Men are born and remain free and equal in rights." What document supporting a new order of government has the above line as its first article?
The Declaration of Independence
The U.S. Constitution
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen
Tom Paine's Common Sense
What Is the Third Estate?
- 22. Multiple Choice
The National Assembly in France (1780-1791) did all of the following EXCEPT
Issue assignats
Ban Strikes
Pass the Civil Constitution of the Clergy
Abolish Guilds
Abolish private property
- 23. Multiple Choice
The most serious mistake made by the National Assembly during the first couple of years of the French Revolution was
placing Robespierre in power
relying on Napoleon's military skills
enacting the Civil Constitution of the Clergy
allowing King Louis XIV to escape to Austria
demolishing the Bastille
- 24. Multiple Choice
Which of the following alienated the most French Catholic clerics and believers?
The provision of freedom of religion in the Declaration of the Rights of Man
The determination of the various revolutionary governments to collect taxes from the First Estate
The seizure of church lands
The Civil Constitution of the Clergy
The abolition of monasteries
- 25. Multiple Choice
The first political use of the terms “right” and “left” was to describe the
Division of France into predominantly Protestant and predominantly Roman Catholic areas
Seating arrangements in the French National Assembly chamber during the French Revolution
Party alliances in the English House of Commons during the debates prior to the American Revolution
Two wings of the Versailles palace that housed the Roman Catholic and the Huguenot nobility
Factions in the English Parliament that supported James II or William of Orange
- 26. Multiple Choice
The policy of extending the French Revolution beyond France’s borders was most closely associated with the
Estates-General
Royalists
Thermidoreans
Girondin party
Convention
- 27. Multiple Choice
The print above, commemorating the women’s march on Versailles in October 1789, shows that
Lower-class women opposed the convening of the Estates-General
Lower-class women were defenders of the aristocracy
Women helped the progress of the Revolution
Women wanted to leave their homes to join the work force
Women supported pacifism and the status quo
- 28. Multiple Choice
Parisian women marching to Versailles on 5 October 1789: contemporary colored engraving. The Granger
Collection, New York.
The women depicted above are marching on Versailles to seek relief from which of the following causes of the French Revolution?
The bankruptcy of the nation
The suppression of Enlightenment ideas
The corruption of the ruling class throughout the country
The ostentatious wardrobe indulgences of Marie Antoinette
Famine and hunger that were ravaging France
- 29. Multiple Choice
Who were the sans-culottes, and what was their role in the revolution?
They were the bourgeois factory owners who supported the revolution financially
They were the leaders of the revolution who ran the new government
They were an underground political party who supported the monarchy
They were the poor city dwellers who added zeal and brutality to the revolution.
They were scholars who created a new calendar for the republic
- 30. Multiple Choice
Which event occurred during the radical stage of the French Revolution?
Formation of the national assembly
The Great Fear
Napoleon's military dictatorship
The Terror
The Storming of the Bastille
- 31. Multiple Choice
The achievements of the Jacobins included all of the following EXCEPT
the abolition of slavery
the franchise given to all adult males
the adoption of the metric system
decreeing the law of the maximum-fixed prices on essentials and raised wages
the redistribution of all land among the peasants
- 32. Multiple Choice
During 1793-1794, Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety owed much of their influence to the support of
Catholics angered by the Civil Constitution of the Clergy
Liberal nobles eager to promote economic progress
A group of small property owners and wage laborers in Paris who were concerned about high food prices
Industrial workers in Paris and Lyon who were angry about conditions in the newly opened cotton mills
Provincial middle-class businessmen concerned about excessive centralization of government
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