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- 1. Multiple Choice
A psychologist interested in determining the effects of a new medicine on the symptoms of severely mentally retarded patients would most likely choose which research method?
Naturalistic observation method
Experimental / Controlled method
Case study method
Telephone survey method
Double-blind experiment
- 2. Multiple Choice
Which of the following perspectives argues that every person has the potential to become self-actualized?
Psychodynamic
Humanistic
Behavioral
Cognitive
- 3. Multiple Choice
Erin is a student who is interested in pursuing a career in psychology. She wants to use her knowledge of psychology to help improve workplace morale and productivity. Which field of psychology should Eric select in graduate school?
Psychodynamic
Clinical
Educational
Industrial-Organizational
- 4. Multiple Choice
Cognitive theorists emphasize the:
Powerful unconscious impulses that motivate behavior
Formation and modification of schemas
Impact of rewards and punishments
Individual’s desire to become self-actualized
Social norms that determine expected behaviors
- 5. Multiple Choice
Of the following, a behavioral psychologist is most likely to study the:
Perceived locus of control of adults who experience panic attacks
Formation of emotional attachments to significant others
Defense mechanisms used by depressed adults and children in stressful situations
Genetic basis for schizophrenic disorders
Learning the proper social manners / skills when meeting your date’s parents for the first time
- 6. Multiple Choice
Introspection as practiced by early Structuralists is best illustrated by which of the following behaviors?
Describing one’s immediate sensations while looking at a childhood picture of ourselves
Determining the best way for children to learn in school
Conditioning an infant to fear rabbits
Recalling one’s unconscious desires
Creating intelligence tests for use in the military
- 7. Multiple Choice
The belief that human behavior is the result of unconscious drives and conflicts represents which of the following perspectives?
Behavioral
Cognitive
Psychoanalytic
Humanistic
Biological
- 8. Multiple Choice
John is an experimenter who wants to determine if taking a specific amount of the drug Allegra relieves allergies. Which of the following will be most in need of an operational definition in this study?
The dependent variable
The independent variable
The descriptive statistic
The inferential statistic
- 9. Multiple Choice
Upon collecting a vast amount of data to determine whether there is a correlational relationship between eating junk food and obesity, you calculate the correlation coefficient. Which number would be the best value if you wanted to see that the more you eat junk food, the more likely you are to get be obese?
-0.50
-0.08
+0.55
+0.90
-0.10
- 10. Multiple Choice
Ethical principles developed by the American Psychological Association help ensure that human participants in psychological research:
Get paid for their time and trouble
Have not participated in similar research in the past
Are protected from physical and psychological harm
Understand the hypotheses of the researcher before they take part
Keep the purposes of the project confidential
- 11. Multiple Choice
Which of the following psychometric properties is used to assess the extent to which the items on an intelligence test measure a person’s intelligence?
Internal consistency
Split-half reliability
Standardization
Construct validity
Predictive validity
- 12. Multiple Choice
A researcher randomly assigned boys and girls to each of two groups. One group watched a violent television program while the other group watched a nonviolent program. The children were then observed during a period of free play, and the incidence of aggressive behavior was recorded for each group. What is the dependent variable in this study?
Sex of the children
Duration of free play
Type of television program viewed
Level of televised violence
Incidence of aggressive behavior
- 13. Multiple Choice
A researcher randomly assigned boys and girls to each of two groups. One group watched a violent television program while the other group watched a nonviolent program. The children were then observed during a period of free play, and the incidence of aggressive behavior was recorded for each group. What is the independent variable in this study?
Sex of the children
Duration of free play
Type of television program viewed
Level of televised violence
Incidence of aggressive behavior
- 14. Multiple Choice
A researcher randomly assigned boys and girls to each of two groups. One group watched a violent television program while the other group watched a nonviolent program. The children were then observed during a period of free play, and the incidence of aggressive behavior was recorded for each group. This research method is best characterized as:
Experimental
Correlational
Longitudinal
Naturalistic Observation
Case Study
- 15. Multiple Choice
Which of the following research methods is being used if the same subjects are tested at three, five, and seven years of age?
Longitudinal
Cross-sectional (latitudinal)
Cross-cultural
Case Study
Correlational
- 16. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is true of a neuron in the resting state?
The inside of the cell membrane is negative compared to the outside
The outside of the cell membrane is negative compared to the inside
The concentration of sodium ions is equal inside and outside of the cell membrane
Both the sodium and potassium channels are open
The neuron is not polarized
- 17. Multiple Choice
Reuptake of a neurotransmitter refers to
Absorption of the neurotransmitter into the dendrites of the receiving neuron
Absorption of the neurotransmitter into the terminal buttons of the sending neuron
Release of the neurotransmitter by the soma of the originating neuron
The rate at which a neurotransmitter is created for use by a neuron
The rate at which a neurotransmitter is broken down metabolically in the neuron
- 18. Multiple Choice
Researchers looking to create a drug to reduce the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease would most likely focus their efforts on which of the following neurotransmitters?
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Serotonin
Norepinephrine
Dopamine
Acetylcholine
- 19. Multiple Choice
Joey accidently touched a hot iron. They immediately drew back their hand. Which of the following is true about the withdrawal of their hand?
It was initiated in the motor cortex
It was initiated in the spinal cord
It was a voluntary behavior
It was due to instructions from the brain
It was an operantly conditioned response
- 20. Multiple Choice
Activation of the parasympathetic nervous system results in which of the following?
An increase in pupil dilation
An increase in respiratory rate
A decrease in salivation
A decrease in digestion
A decrease in heart rate
- 21. Multiple Choice
An individual with damage to Wernicke’s area is most likely to have difficulty:
Identifying an object held in the hand but not seen
Planning what to wear to a party
Remembering the name of a person in a photograph
Comprehending a spoken request for information
Distinguishing between red and green
- 22. Multiple Choice
Damage to the occipital lobe would most likely affect a person’s
Balance
Ability to develop plans
Vision
Fine motor movements
Language Processing
- 23. Multiple Choice
Which of the following neurotransmitters has been linked to Parkinson’s disease and schizophrenia?
Acetylcholine
Dopamine
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Norepinephrine
Serotonin
- 24. Multiple Choice
Damage to which of the following brain structures may cause the inability to detect the emotional significance of facial expressions, especially those demonstrating fear?
Hippocampus
Cerebellum
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Amygdala
- 25. Multiple Choice
For most people, speech functions are primarily localized in the:
Right cerebral hemisphere
Left cerebral hemisphere
Occipital lobe
Corpus Callosum
Cerebellum
- 26. Multiple Choice
Which of the following parts of the brain is most active in decision-making?
Reticular Formation
Corpus Callosum
Hypothalamus
Cerebral Cortex
Pituitary Gland
- 27. Multiple Choice
A patient reports constant sleepiness. A series of tests reveal that the patient’s sleep is frequently disrupted by periods of interrupted breathing and brief awakenings. Which of the following diagnoses would account for such symptoms?
Somnambulism
Sleep terrors
Narcolepsy
REM behavior disorder
Sleep apnea
- 28. Multiple Choice
In adult humans, which of the following is typically true of REM sleep?
Each cycle of sleep an individual goes through the REM stage gets longer
It leads to a marked increase in muscle tone from the neck down
It alternates with NREM sleep in 30 minute cycles
It occurs during the first half of an individual’s sleep cycle
It involves decreased blood pressure and decreased heart rate
- 29. Multiple Choice
Which of the following characteristics is generally associated with the use of hallucinogens?
The experience of vivid and or distorted images that are not based on sensory input
Improved memory function
Decreased pain sensation and decreased anxiety
Slower bodily functions
The experience of brief euphoria followed by a depressive state
- 30. Multiple Choice
Research suggests that hypnosis is effective in reducing pain because it
Induces a state of amnesia called post hypnotic amnesia, which impacts a subject’s awareness of the pain
Synchronizes the functioning of the two cerebral hemispheres
Interferes with the functioning of brain cells
Diverts attention from the pain
Lowers the subject’s level of suggestibility
- 31. Multiple Choice
All summer Stacey hears the sound of the ice-cream truck approaching before her brother John hears it. Stacey most likely has which of the following?
A lower absolute threshold for hearing
A greater difference threshold for hearing
A deficit in a sensory system other that hearing
A greater amount of experience with approaching ice-cream trucks
A tendency for confabulation
- 32. Multiple Choice
In vision, transduction occurs within the
Optic Nerve
Visual Cortex
Retina
Lens
Cornea
- 33. Multiple Choice
After staring at a green, black, and orange “American flag” for about a minute, an individual will see red, white, and blue flag afterimage. Which of the following explains this phenomenon?
Trichromatic theory
Opponent-Process
Retina theory
Color Constancy
Convergence
- 34. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is a binocular cue for depth perception?
Linear Perspective
Texture gradient
Interposition
Retinal Disparity
Motion parallax
- 35. Multiple Choice
Mary fell off her skateboard and badly bruised her elbow. She immediately began rubbing the area around the bruise until the pain subsided. This method of reducing pain can be explained by which of the following?
Gate-control theory
Opponent-Process
Trichromatic theory
Expectancy theory
Phantom Pain
- 36. Multiple Choice
Ernst Weber’s and Gustav Fechner’s psychophysical laws concern the relation between which of the following?
The perceived uniformity and size of a stimulus
The darkness of a room and the time needed for the rods to adjust
The quality of a stimulus and the likelihood that it is perceived as pleasurable
The perceived sizes of afterimages projected across different distances
The intensity of a stimulus and its corresponding psychological sensation
- 37. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is true about the blind spot in the eye?
It occurs where the optic nerve leaves the eye
It is caused by an excess of bipolar cells in the retina
It is most apparent I low levels of illumination
It is stimulated only by high levels of illumination
It is caused by a bleaching of rhodopsin in the rods
- 38. Multiple Choice
The pitch of a sound is analogous / comparable to which of the following features of light?
Brightness
Saturation
Size
Hue
Intensity
- 39. Multiple Choice
A sound is often detected by one ear more intensely and a fraction of a second earlier than it is detected by the other ear. These cues help us determine the
Pitch of a sound wave
Timbre of the sound wave
Absolute threshold for sound perception
Frequency of the sound wave
Location of where the sound came from
- 40. Multiple Choice
In the dark, an object is more clearly seen when viewed in peripheral vision than when viewed directly. This phenomenon occurs because the rods located in the retina are
More sensitive in the dark than cones and are not found in the fovea
Less sensitive in the dark than cones and are not found in the fovea
As sensitive in the dark as cones and are few in number in the fovea
More numerous than cones are in the fovea
As numerous as cones are all over the retina
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