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- 1. Multiple Choice
Three tigers have different parents. They all have the same proteins for stripe pattern in their cells. What can you say about the tigers' stripe patterns?
They will have different stripe patterns because even with the same proteins for stripe pattern, the proteins can connect in different ways.
They will have the same stripe patterns since their proteins for stripe pattern are the same so the proteins will connect in the same way.
They will have different stripe patterns since only offspring from the same parents have the same stripe patterns.
They will have the same stripe patterns since all tigers have the same stripe patterns.
- 2. Multiple Choice
Two goldfish have different parents. One fish has a split tail and the other does not. Why do the goldfish have tails with different shapes?
Each goldfish has a different tail shape because they have different versions of the gene for tail shape that connect together to make different tail shapes.
Each goldfish has a different tail shape because offspring from different parents will have different tail shapes.
The goldfish have different versions of the gene for tail shape, which instruct for different proteins that connect in different ways to make different tail shapes.
The goldfish have different versions of the gene for tail shape. The genes are split inside one goldfish’s tail but not inside the other’s.
- 3. Multiple Choice
A young goat has downward-curved horns. Its father has upward-curved horns while its mother has downward-curved horns. Which of these statements explains why the young goat has downward-curved horns?
The young goat inherited one copy of the gene for horn shape from its mother and one copy from its father. Those genes connect together to make its downward-curved horns.
The young goat inherited its copies of the gene for horn shape from its mother and not from its father. Just like its mother’s genes, those genes instruct for proteins that connect in ways that make its downward-curved horns.
The young goat inherited one copy of the gene for horn shape from its mother and one copy from its father. That gene combination instructs for proteins that connect in ways that make downward-curved horns.
The young goat inherited its copies of the gene for horn shape from its mother and not from its father. Those genes connect together to make its downward-curved horns.
- 4. Multiple Choice
Sh’qira reads an article about a family of wildcats. One of them had a mutation for tooth sharpness. Which of these statements about the wildcat with the mutation is true?
There must have been a change in the wildcat’s genes.
The wildcat must have sharper teeth.
The wildcat must have less sharp teeth.
There will be no change to the wildcat’s teeth.
- 5. Multiple Choice
There are two junco birds that each have different proteins in their cells for beak pointiness. They have different parents. What can you say about the birds' beak pointiness?
They will have the same beak pointiness because even with different proteins for beak pointiness, the proteins can connect in the same way.
They will have the same beak pointiness since all junco birds have the same beak pointiness.
They will have different beak pointiness since offspring from different parents will have
different beak pointiness.
They will have different beak pointiness since their proteins for beak pointiness are different so the proteins will connect in different ways.
- 6. Multiple Choice
Two rabbits live in two different environments. One rabbit has ears that flop over, and the other rabbit has ears that stand straight up. Why do the rabbits have ears with different shapes?
Each rabbit has a different ear shape because they have different versions of the gene for ear shape that connect together to make different ear shapes.
The rabbits have different versions of the gene for ear shape, which instruct for different proteins that connect in different ways to make different ear shapes
Each rabbit has a different ear shape because offspring from different parents will have different ear shapes.
The rabbits have different versions of the gene for ear shape. The genes are only standing straight up in the cells of one rabbit’s ears.
- 7. Multiple Choice
A father sheep has curly wool while a mother sheep has straight wool. Which of these statements explains why one of their baby lambs has curly wool?
The baby lamb inherited its copies of the gene for wool shape from its father and not from its mother. Just like its father’s genes, those genes instruct for proteins that connect in ways that make its wool curly.
The baby lamb inherited its copies of the gene for wool shape from its father and not from its mother. Those genes connect together to make its wool curly.
The baby lamb inherited one copy of the gene for wool shape from its father and one copy from its mother. Those genes connect together to make its curly wool.
The baby lamb inherited one copy of the gene for wool shape from its father and one copy from its mother. That gene combination instructs for proteins that connect in ways that make curly wool.
- 8. Multiple Choice
The body cells of scorpions have proteins that connect together. In one scorpion, the structure of the proteins in the body cells changed, but the amount of that type of protein in the cell stayed the same. What happened to the function of that type of protein?
The changed protein connects differently, so its function changes.
The changed protein connects differently, but its function doesn’t change.
The changed protein connects in the same way, but its function changes.
The amount of that type of protein stayed the same, so its function doesn’t change
- 9. Multiple Choice
Hannah is trying to figure out how tooth size is determined in two different wolves. In wolf 1, the copies of the gene are different from each other. In wolf 2, the copies of the gene are the same as each other. How does this affect how many types of proteins there are in each tooth cell?
Wolf 1 has two types of protein for the tooth size feature. Wolf 2 has two types of protein for the tooth size feature.
It is impossible to say anything about proteins from the given information.
Wolf 1 has two types of protein for the tooth size feature. Wolf 2 has one type of protein for the tooth size feature.
- 10. Multiple Choice
There are two bears that both have the same proteins for ear shape in their cells. The bears have different parents. What can you say about the bears' ear shape?
They will have the same ear shape since all bears have the same ear shape.
They will have the same ear shape since their proteins for ear shape are the same so the proteins will connect in the same way.
They will have different ear shapes because even with the same proteins for ear shape, the proteins can connect in different ways.
They will have different ear shapes since only offspring from the same parents have the same ear shape.
- 11. Multiple Choice
Two fruit flies have different parents. One fruit fly has orange eyes while the other has red eyes. Why do the fruit flies have different eye colors?
Each fruit fly has a different eye color because they have different versions of the gene for eye color that connect together to make different eye colors.
Each fruit fly has a different eye color because offspring from different parents will have different eye colors.
The fruit flies have different versions of the gene for eye color, and the genes are different colors in each fruit fly’s eyes.
The fruit flies have different versions of the gene for eye color, which instruct for different proteins that connect in different ways to make different eye colors.
- 12. Multiple Choice
A baby crawfish has a long tail. Its mother has a long tail while its father has a short tail. Which of these statements explains why the baby has a long tail?
The baby crawfish inherited one copy of the gene for tail length from its mother and one copy from its father. Those genes connect together to make its long tail.
The baby crawfish inherited one copy of the gene for tail length from its mother and one copy from its father. That gene combination instructs for proteins that connect in ways that make a long tail.
The baby crawfish inherited its copies of the gene for tail length from its mother and not from its father. Just like its mother’s genes, those genes instruct for proteins that connect in ways that make a long tail.
The baby crawfish inherited its copies of the gene for tail length from its mother and not from its father. Those genes connect together to make a long tail.
- 13. Multiple Choice
Henry is studying a family of tree frogs that have poisonous skin, and he finds one frog with a mutation for the poison feature. Which of these statements about the tree frog with the mutation is true?
The frog must be less poisonous than other frogs.
The frog must be more poisonous than other frogs.
There will be no change to the frog’s poison.
There must have been a change in the frog’s genes.
- 14. Multiple Choice
Two sharks have different parents. The two sharks have different proteins in their cells for the color on the tip of their fins. What can you say about the color on the tip of the two sharks' fins?
The fins will be different colors since offspring from different parents will have different colored fins.
The fins will be the same color because even with different proteins for fin color, the proteins can connect in the same way.
The fins will be a different color since their proteins for fin color are different so the proteins will connect in different ways.
The fins will be the same color since all sharks have the same fin color.
- 15. Multiple Choice
Echidnas hatch from an egg and develop bristles as they mature. Two echidnas have different parents. One has thick bristles while the other has thin bristles. Why do the echidnas have bristles with different thicknesses?
Each echidna has a different bristle thickness because offspring from different parents will have bristles of different thicknesses.
The echidnas have different versions of the gene for bristle thickness. The genes are a different thickness in each echidna’s bristles.
The echidnas have different versions of the gene for bristle thickness, which instruct for different proteins that connect in different ways to make bristles of different thicknesses.
Each echidna has a different bristle thickness because they have different versions of the gene for bristle thickness that connect together to make different bristle thicknesses.
- 16. Multiple Choice
A father parakeet has blue chest feathers while a mother parakeet has green chest feathers. Which of these statements explains why their baby parakeet has blue chest feathers?
The baby parakeet inherited one copy of the gene for feather color from its father and one copy from its mother. That gene combination instructs for proteins that connect in ways that make its feathers blue.
The baby parakeet inherited its copies of the gene for feather color from its father and not from its mother. Just like its father’s genes, those genes instruct for proteins that connect in ways that make its feathers blue.
The baby parakeet inherited one copy of the gene for feather color from its father and one copy from its mother. That gene combination instructs for proteins that connect in ways that make its feathers blue.
The baby parakeet inherited its copies of the gene for feather color from its father and not from its mother. Those genes connect together to make its feathers blue.
- 17. Multiple Choice
The wing cells of dragonflies have proteins that connect together. In one dragonfly, the structure of the proteins in the wing cells changed, but the amount of that type of protein in the cell stayed the same. What happened to the function of that type of protein?
The changed protein connects differently, but its function doesn’t change.
The changed protein connects differently, so its function changes.
The amount of that type of protein stayed the same, so its function doesn’t change.
The changed protein connects the same, but its function changes.
- 18. Multiple Choice
Brayden is trying to figure out how petal shape is determined in two different roses. In the pink rose, the copies of the gene are the same as each other. In the yellow rose, the copies of the gene are different from each other. How does this affect how many types of proteins there are in each petal cell?
The pink rose has one type of protein for the petal shape feature. The yellow rose has two types of protein for the petal shape feature.
The pink rose has two types of protein for the petal shape feature. The yellow rose has two types of protein for the petal shape feature.
The pink rose has one type of protein for the petal shape feature. The yellow rose has one type of protein for the petal shape feature.
It is impossible to say anything about proteins from the given information.
- 19. Multiple Choice
What is an ALLELE?
a type of molecule that genes and chromosomes are made of ADN
an instruction for making a protein molecule
a specific form of a gene that provides instructions for making a particular protein molecule
having gene versions that are different
- 20. Multiple Choice
What is a CHROMOSOME?
an instruction for making a protein molecule
to receive genes from a parent
a characteristic that all members of a species have
a long piece of DNA that contains many genes
- 21. Multiple Choice
What is DNA?
to receive genes from a parent
a type of molecule that genes and chromosomes are made of ADN
a random change to a gene that sometimes results in a new trait
the part of a cell where genes are found
- 22. Multiple Choice
What is a FEATURE?
how something works
a specific form of a gene that provides instructions for making a particular protein molecule
to receive genes from a parent
a characteristic that all members of a species have
- 23. Multiple Choice
What is FERTILIZATION?
a protein molecule that does not perform its function, often because it does not connect to other molecules
when a male and a female reproductive cell combine to create an offspring
the part of a cell where genes are found
the parts of the cell that build protein molecules based on instructions from genes
- 24. Multiple Choice
What is FUNCTION?
having gene versions that are different
to receive genes from a parent
how something works
the parts of the cell that build protein molecules based on instructions from genes
- 25. Multiple Choice
What is a GENE?
having gene versions that are different
a random change to a gene that sometimes results in a new trait
an instruction for making a protein molecule
a specific form of a gene that provides instructions for making a particular protein molecule
- 26. Multiple Choice
What is a GENE VERSION?
a characteristic that all members of a species have
a random change to a gene that sometimes results in a new trait
the part of a cell where genes are found
a specific form of a gene that provides instructions for making a particular protein molecule
- 27. Multiple Choice
What does HETEROZYGOUS mean?
having gene versions that are the same
a random change to a gene that sometimes results in a new trait
having gene versions that are different
an organism produced as a result of reproduction
- 28. Multiple Choice
What does HOMOZYGOUS mean?
having gene versions that are different
to receive genes from a parent
the part of a cell where genes are found
having gene versions that are the same
- 29. Multiple Choice
What does INHERIT mean?
a random change to a gene that sometimes results in a new trait
having gene versions that are the same
the part of a cell where genes are found
to receive genes from a parent
- 30. Multiple Choice
What is a MUTATION?
a protein molecule that does not perform its function, often because it does not connect to other molecules
a random change to a gene that sometimes results in a new trait
an organism produced as a result of reproduction
the parts of the cell that build protein molecules based on instructions from genes
- 31. Multiple Choice
What is a NONFUNCTIONAL PROTEIN?
the part of a cell where genes are found
the parts of the cell that build protein molecules based on instructions from genes
a protein molecule that does not perform its function, often because it does not connect to other molecules
a type of large molecule that performs important functions inside organisms
- 32. Multiple Choice
What is the NUCLEUS?
the part of a cell where genes are found
an organism produced as a result of reproduction
the parts of the cell that build protein molecules based on instructions from genes
the process in which two parents pass on their genes to create offspring
- 33. Multiple Choice
What is an OFFSPRING?
having gene versions that are the same
the parts of the cell that build protein molecules based on instructions from genes
an organism produced as a result of reproduction
the way something is shaped or constructed
- 34. Multiple Choice
What is a PROTEIN MOLECULE?
the parts of the cell that build protein molecules based on instructions from genes
any difference in traits between individual organisms
a type of large molecule that performs important functions inside organisms
the way something is shaped or constructed
- 35. Multiple Choice
What are RIBOSOMES?
the process in which two parents pass on their genes to create offspring
the part of a cell where genes are found
the parts of the cell that build protein molecules based on instructions from genes
a random change to a gene that sometimes results in a new trait
- 36. Multiple Choice
What is SEXUAL REPRODUCTION?
the process in which two parents pass on their genes to create offspring
a specific characteristic of an individual organism
the way something is shaped or constructed
the parts of the cell that build protein molecules based on instructions from genes
- 37. Multiple Choice
What is a TRAIT?
any difference in traits between individual organisms
a claim supported by evidence
a specific characteristic of an individual organism
the parts of the cell that build protein molecules based on instructions from genes
- 38. Multiple Choice
What is a VARIATION?
having gene versions that are different
the parts of the cell that build protein molecules based on instructions from genes
any difference in traits between individual organisms
an instruction for making a protein molecule
- 39. Multiple Choice
What is STRUCTURE?
a specific characteristic of an individual organism
a claim supported by evidence
the process of making clear how your evidence supports your claim
the way something is shaped or constructed
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