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- 1. Multiple ChoiceMembers of a species in a defined areaEcosystemcommunitybiodiversitypopulation
- 2. Multiple ChoiceConsumer that eats plantsheterotrophherbivoreproducercommunity
- 3. Multiple ChoiceSeries of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eatenfoodwebconsumerfood chainomnivore
- 4. Multiple ChoiceAll the organisms in a particular location, including their nonliving environmentecosystemcarnivorenichepopulation
- 5. Multiple Choice
In the energy pyramid here, how much of the energy in the producers gets passed to the herbivores?10%20%80%90% - 6. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following leads to a decrease in biodiversity?protection of ecosystemspollution controlselective cuttingintroduction of exotic or invasive species
- 7. Multiple ChoiceA carbon "sink" is best described as:a reservoir that readily releases carbon to another reservoira carbon reservoir that stores more carbon that it is releasingsomething that causes carbon to leak out to the atmospherea carbon reservoir that is releasing more carbon than it is taking in
- 8. Multiple ChoiceNitrogen fixation processes nitrogen from which of the following sources?lightningfertilizersdead plantsatmosphere
- 9. Multiple ChoiceWhat is it called when water is changed from a liquid to a gas?EVAPORATIONPRECIPITATIONTRANSPIRATION
- 10. Multiple ChoiceIn the food web shown, the snail would be considered...primary consumersecondary consumertertiary consumerproducer
- 11. Multiple ChoiceThe diagram below shows the cycling of nutrients in an ecosystem.
The removal of which of the following groups would cause an immediate decrease in the amount of energy flowing through the system?ProducersConsumersDecomposersInorganic nutrients - 12. Multiple ChoiceGreen plants areproducersconsumersherbivoresomnivores
- 13. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the original source of almost all energy in most ecosystems?carbohydratessunlightwatercarbon
- 14. Multiple ChoiceWhat is an ecological model of the relationships that form a network of complex interactions among organisms in a community from producers to decomposers?food weban ecosystemfood chaina population
- 15. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the term for each step in the transfer of energy and matter within a biological community?energy pathfood webtrophic levelfood pyramid
- 16. Multiple Choicewhich symbiosis is thisparasitismmutualismcommensalismnonalism
- 17. Multiple Choicesymbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefitcompetitionMutualismnitrogen fixationenergy pyramid
- 18. Multiple Choicesymbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefitcompetitionMutualismnitrogen fixationenergy pyramid
- 19. Multiple ChoiceWhat does a food web represent?All connections of energy flow throughout all organisms in a habitat.The specific ways that mutualism is carried out.A single pathway or energy flow between organisms.How carnivores get their food.
- 20. Multiple Choicediagram that shows the energy available to each trophic level in an ecosystem; 10% is passed on to upper levels, the rest is lost as heatsuccessioncellular respirationenergy pyramidbiochemical cycle
- 21. Multiple Choicea relationship between two in which one species, the predator, feeds on the other species, the preychemosynthesispredationcellular respirationcommensalism
- 22. Multiple Choicesymbiotic relationship in which one organisms benefits and the other organism is not affectedinvasive (non-native) speciesmutualismnitrogen fixationcommensalism
- 23. Multiple ChoiceMembers of a species in a defined areaEcosystemcommunitybiodiversitypopulation
- 24. Multiple ChoiceWhere an organism liveshabitatnicheheterotroghbiosphere
- 25. Multiple ChoiceNon-living factor that affects an ecosystembiotic factorabiotic factorfood chainbiome
- 26. Multiple ChoiceOrganisms that breaks down and absorbs nutrients from dead organismsconsumertrophic leveldecomposerspecies
- 27. Multiple ChoiceA food chain is illustrated below:
The arrows represented most likely indicateA. Energy released from metabolism into the environment as heat.B. Oxygen released from metabolism produced by cellular respiration.C. The absorption of energy from the environment that has been created.D. The transport of glucose away from the organism through photosynthesis. - 28. Multiple ChoiceA pond ecosystem is shown in the diagram below. Which statement describes an interaction that helps maintain the dynamic equilibrium of this ecosystem?
Which statement describes an interaction that helps maintain the dynamic equilibrium of this ecosystem?The frogs make energy available to this ecosystem through the process of photosynthesis.The algae directly provide food for both the rotifers and the catfish.The green-backed heron provides energy for the mosquito larvae.The catfish population helps control the populations of water boatman and waterfleas. - 29. Multiple ChoiceAll of the living and nonliving things in an area that interact with each other are called a/an ______.communityhabitatpopulationecosystem
- 30. Multiple ChoiceThe living part of an ecosystemBioticAbioticMother EarthFlowers
- 31. Multiple ChoiceThe non-living part of an ecosystemOceanLava FlowBirdsAbiotic
- 32. Multiple ChoiceTwo or more members of a particular species living and interacting in the same areaCommunityPopulationOrganismsBiosphere
- 33. Multiple ChoiceDifferent populations living and interacting with each other in the same areaBiomeEcosystemCommunityNiche
- 34. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following best describes an ecosystem?all the living organisms in an area and their physical surroundingsa region with a distinct climateall the living organisms of the same species throughout the worldall the living organisms in an area
- 35. Multiple ChoiceA pod of dolphins hunting and feeding on a school of fish is an example ofan ecosystem interaction.a population interaction.a community interaction.a biome interaction.
- 36. Multiple ChoiceThe energy pyramid below shows a possible amount of energy, in kilocalories, available in the organisms at each trophic level in an ecosystem. According to the law of conservation of energy, energy can neither be created nor destroyed. If this is true, why is there less energy in the top of the energy pyramid than there is in the bottom of the energy pyramid?Energy is lost between each trophic level as heat.The law of conservation of energy does not apply to ecosystems.Organisms in the top of the energy pyramid use up energy the fastest.The extra energy in the bottom is slower to reach the top.
- 37. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following interactions is an example of symbiosis?an insect acts as a pollinator for a plant speciesa population of hummingbirds migrates during the summera tropical bird performs a courtship dance for a matea mother bear feeds and protects her cubs
- 38. Multiple ChoiceA farmer plants two species of grass with similar nutrient needs on the same small plot of land. What kind of interaction will most likely occur between the two species?parasitismcompetitioncommensalismmutualism
- 39. Multiple ChoiceThe diagram below depicts the water cycle. Which process is represented by the number 2?precipitationevaporationsurface runoffcondensation
- 40. Multiple ChoiceThe graph below shows population data for two species. What can be said about the relationship between species 1 and species 2?When the population of species 1 increases, the population of species 2 decreases.The population of species 1 and species 2 stay the same over the time period shown.The population of species 1 is not influenced by the population of species 2.When the population of species 1 increases, the population of species 2 increases.
- 41. Multiple ChoiceOverpopulation occurs when a population exceeds its carrying capacity. White-tailed deer are considered to be an overpopulated species in the central United States. What is one consequence of white-tailed deer exceeding their carrying capacity?People don't see deer as often in urban areas.The deer are less healthy and more prone to disease.There are more predators to eat the deer.The deer have stopped breeding.
- 42. Multiple Choice78% of Earth's atmosphere is nitrogen gas. All living things need nitrogen as a part of DNA and RNA. Yet you and I, and other living things, cannot use the nitrogen in our atmosphere directly. One type of organism is responsible for "fixing" nitrogen or helping to put it in a form so other living things can use it. That organism isbacteria.fungi.plants.viruses.
- 43. Multiple ChoiceGrazing cows disturb the grass and cause insects to fly around the cows as they eat. In turn, birds swoop in and eat the insects. This type of feeding relationship is an example ofcommensalism.mutualism.parasitism.predation.
- 44. Multiple ChoiceIn a simple food chain, small fish eat algae; bigger fish eat the smaller fish; bears eat the bigger fish.
Using the above scenario, which of these would have the largest amount of energy?algaebearsbig fishsmall fish - 45. Multiple ChoiceIn the organization of living things, a ______________ would include the largest number of individuals.communitypopulationecosystemspecies
- 46. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following best describes a population?members of the same species living in the same place at the same timeall the red birds in an areaall types of organisms living in the same placeall members of the same species
- 47. Multiple ChoiceAn example of a population isall trees in a forestall maple trees in a forestall plants in a forestall animals in a forest
- 48. Multiple ChoiceThe relationship between a Canadian lynx and a snowshoe hare is an example ofparasite and hostpredator and preycompetitionmutualism
- 49. Multiple ChoiceIf the death rate of a population is greater than the birthrate, the population decreases.TrueFalse
- 50. Multiple ChoiceExponential growth is slow and gradual.TrueFalse
- 51. Multiple ChoiceA group of different species that live together and interact in an environment are called a/an ________.communityhabitatpopulationecosystem
- 52. Multiple ChoiceAll of the living and nonliving things in an area that interact with each other are called a/an ______.communityhabitatpopulationecosystem
- 53. Multiple ChoiceThe average number of people per square milepopulation distributionpopulation densityurbanizationpopulation rate
- 54. Multiple ChoiceIf a population grows larger than the carrying capacity of the environment, thedeath rate may risebirth rate may risedeath rate must fallbirth rate must fall
- 55. Multiple ChoiceWhen a specific population grows past the ecosystem's carrying capacity, what happens to the population?Density Independent limiting factors start to occur resulting in the population going farther above carrying capacity.Density Dependent limiting factors start to occur resulting in the population going back below carrying capacity.The population will go extinct due to lack of resourcesThe population grows then finds a new carrying capacity
- 56. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the carrying capacity of the graph?around 500more than 500less than 500around 600
- 57. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the carrying capacity of the following graph?10008000800600
- 58. Multiple ChoiceThe total number of individuals a habitat can survive with the resources it has available.Carrying capacityLimiting factorsResourcesPopulation
- 59. Multiple ChoiceIf the amount of food or resources available increases, the carrying capacity for an animal:Stays the sameIncreasesDecreasesFluctuates
- 60. Multiple ChoiceExcessive amounts of rain caused a flood in the southwest United States that resulted in substantial amounts of deaths in the rabbit population? This situation is an example of a density _____________ limiting factor.density-independentdensity-dependentdensity- too highdensity- too low
- 61. Multiple Choice
Natural disasters can be considered limiting factors.
true: density independent limiting factors
false; natural disasters are not limiting factors
true: density dependent limiting factors
false: because Mrs. Schaffer said
- 62. Multiple ChoiceLimiting factors which impact the size of a population no matter how large that population is.Density Independent Limiting FactorsDensity Dependent Limiting FactorsCarrying CapacityExponential Growth
- 63. Multiple ChoiceAn environmental factor such as storms and extreme heat or cold that decrease a population are considered to be.density- dependent factorpopulation densitydispersiondensity- independent factor
- 64. Multiple Choice
A lion and a cheetah attempt to occupy the same niche. The more aggressive lion survives; the cheetah does not.
Density-Dependent: Competition
Density-Independent: Competition
Density-Dependent: Predator-Prey
Density-Independent: Predator-Prey
- 65. Multiple Choice
Coyotes cross the winter pack ice and enter Newfoundland. The moose population starts to decline.
Density-Dependent: Competition
Density-Independent: Competition
Density-Dependent: Predator-Prey
Density-Independent: Predator-Prey
- 66. Multiple Choice
A severe frost wipes out 50% of the coffee crop in Brazil.
Density-Dependent
Density-Independent
- 67. Multiple Choice
Since lynx prey on hares, an increase in the hare population causes an increase in the lynx population.
Density-Dependent: Competition
Density-Independent: Competition
Density-Dependent: Predator-Prey
Density-Independent: Predator-Prey
- 68. Multiple Choice
A severe flood in the Red River Valley causes a decline in the deer population.
Density-Dependent
Density-Independent
- 69. Multiple Choice
Many fish die due to a change in the winds and the appearance of the El Nino ocean current off the coast of Peru and Chile.
Density-Dependent
Density-Independent
- 70. Multiple Choice
Fish on a coral reef stake out their territory and chase away any younger fish that try to live there.
Density-Dependent
Density-Independent
- 71. Multiple Choice
An extensive drought in the Serengeti Plain threatens wildebeest, giraffe, zebra, and springbok populations.
Density-Dependent
Density-Independent
- 72. Multiple Choice
Two closely related species of birds live in the same tree. Species A feeds on ants and termites, while Species B feeds on caterpillars. The two species coexist successfully because
each occupies a different niche
they interbreed
they use different methods of reproduction
birds compete for food
- 73. Multiple ChoiceAs the population of prey decreases, the population of the predator which eats it will...IncreaseDecreaseRemain Constant
- 74. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is NOT a form of symbiosis?MutualismCommensalismParasitismPredation
- 75. Multiple ChoiceWhat statement is TRUE about the graph?The prey is the green line because there needs to be more prey than predators.The prey is the red line because there needs to be more predators than prey.The green line is the producersThe red line is the producers
- 76. Multiple Choice
When a Lion and a Hyena fight over a gazelle it is ________ comptetion.
Intraspecific
Exploitative
Interspecific
Mean
- 77. Multiple ChoiceWhen a pine tree grows real tall and blocks sunlight to another pine tree it is _______ competition.InterferenceIntraspecificInterspecificExploitative
- 78. Multiple Choice
How is a Hare adapted to be a good at avoiding predators?
Eyes on the side of head, Brightly Coloured Fur
Eyes on the side of head, Camouflage, Good Hearing
Eyes on the front of head, Sharp teeth and Claws, Good Eyesight.
Look really cute so predators don't eat them
- 79. Multiple ChoiceThis outcome of competition often leads to the extinction of one of the competing speciesCharacter DisplacementCompetitive ExclusionResource PartitioningBrood Parasitism
- 80. Multiple ChoiceWhat type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?primary successionecological successionsecondary successionintermediate
- 81. Multiple ChoiceThe picture shows what type of succession?primarysecondarytertiaryquadanary
- 82. Multiple ChoiceThe picture shows what type of succession?primarysecondarytertiaryquadanary
- 83. Multiple ChoiceReaches a climax community quicker because soil is already presentprimary successionsecondary successionboth types of succession
- 84. Multiple ChoiceSuccession that occurs in an area with NO SOILecological successionprimary successionsecondary successionpioneer speciles
- 85. Multiple ChoiceHow is Nitrogen removed from the air and put into compound that living things can use?plantsphotosynthesischemosynthesisnitrogen fixing bacteria
- 86. Multiple ChoiceWhat happens to carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere when we burn fossil fuels?carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere risecarbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere fallcarbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere stay the same
- 87. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following take carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere?plant and animal respirationvolcanoescombustion of fossil fuelsphotosynthesis
- 88. Multiple ChoiceWhat is this a picture of?Nitrogen cyclecarbon cyclewater cycleplant cycle
- 89. Multiple ChoiceIdentify the cycle pictured.The Water cycleThe Carbon cycleThe Nitrogen cycleThe Phosphorus cycle
- 90. Multiple ChoiceHow does matter move among the living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem?matter is recycled within and between ecosystemsone-way flow of energytwo-way flow of energy onlythree-way flow of energy only
- 91. Multiple ChoiceWhole living layer around the globe.PopulationEcosystemBiomeBiosphere
- 92. Multiple ChoiceWhat are "trophic levels"?Levels in a food web/food chainLevels of land in a mountainAnimal diets
- 93. Multiple ChoiceWhat two elements make up water?Helium and oxygenHydrogen and oxygenhelium and carbonoxygen and carbon
- 94. Multiple Choice
A insect like a water strider can skate along the top of a pond because:
covalent bonds result in water cohesion
hydrogen bonds result in water cohesion (surface tension)
low surface tension of water
- 95. Multiple ChoiceWhat word describes when water is attracted to other substances?cohesionadhesioncapillary actionsurface tension
- 96. Multiple ChoiceAttractions between the negative Oxygen atom of one water molecule and the positive Hydrogen atom of another water molecule are calledCovalent bondsIonic bondsPolar bondsHydrogen bonds
- 97. Multiple ChoiceWhy does ice float?As water freezes, it expands and its density decreases.As water freezes, it takes up more hydrogen from the atmosphere, causing it to have a greater buoyancy.As water freezes, air becomes trapped between the hydrogen bonds of water molecules.As water freezes, it takes up more oxygen from the atmosphere, causing it to have a greater buoyancy.
- 98. Multiple Choice
Water travels up from the roots of a tree to the top because of
adhesion and cohesion
surface tension
specific heat capacity
density of water compared to ice
- 99. Multiple ChoiceWater droplets take a spherical shape (as pictured) because of ____________adhesioncohesioncapillary actionsolubility
- 100. Multiple ChoiceA molecule with electrically charged areas is called a _______________.magnetpolar moleculesolutionelectrical molecule
- 101. Multiple Choice
As you add drops of water to the surface of a coin, each drop sticks to the other water droplet because of ________________, and sticks to the penny because of ______________.
adhesion, cohesion
cohesion, adhesion
capillary action, specific heat
specific heat, capillary action
- 102. Multiple ChoiceWhich end of the water molecule has a slightly positive charge?the oxygen endthe hydrogen endboth ends are slightly positiveneither end is positive
- 103. Multiple ChoiceWater is a universal solvent because it...It can be found anywhereIt freezes when it gets coldfloats when frozenDissolves most substances
- 104. Multiple ChoiceIce floats when placed in a liquid water because:ice is less dense than the liquidice is more dense than the liquidice is solublewater is adhesive
- 105. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is LEAST likely to dissolve in water?nonpolar fats and oilspolar sugar moleculessalt made of a positive sodium ion and a negative chloride ionall of the substances will dissolve easily in water
- 106. Multiple Choice
Which characteristic of water will allow a paperclip to remain floating on water when the paperclip is gently placed on top of the water?
adhesion
surface tension due to cohesion
solvent properties
nonpolar
- 107. Multiple ChoiceWhich statement best describes an effect of the low density of frozen water in a lake?When water freezes, it contracts, decreasing the water level in a lake.Water in a lake freezes from the bottom up, killing most aquatic organisms.When water in a lake freezes, it floats, providing insulation for organisms below.Water removes thermal energy from the land around a lake, causing the lake to freeze.
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