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- 1. Multiple Choice
The diagram shows some properties that substances may have.
To which labelled part of the diagram does U-235 belong?
A
B
C
D
- 2. Multiple Choice
Which substance could not be used as a fuel to heat water in a boiler?
ethanol
hydrogen
methane
oxygen
- 3. Multiple Choice
Which substance does not require oxygen in order to produce energy?
coal
hydrogen
natural gas
U-235
- 4. Multiple Choice
The diagram shows some properties that substances may have.
To which labelled part of the diagram does U-235 belong?
A
B
C
D
- 5. Multiple Choice
The list contains three energy resources, P, Q and R.
P geothermal energy from hot rocks
Q nuclear fission in reactors
R sunlight on solar panels
Which of these resources are renewable?
P, Q and R
P and Q only
P and R only
Q and R only
- 6. Multiple Choice
Two men lift identical boxes vertically upwards onto the same table.
Man X lifts two boxes in a time of 5.0 s and man Y lifts three boxes in a time of 5.0 s.
Which man does the most work in lifting the boxes and which man produces the greatest power?
man doing most work = X; man producing greatest power = X
man doing most work = X; man producing greatest power = Y
man doing most work = Y; man producing greatest power = X
man doing most work = Y; man producing greatest power = Y
- 7. Multiple Choice
Bread can be cooked by placing it below a heating element.
Which process transfers thermal energy from the heating element to the bread?
conduction
convection
evaporation
radiation
- 8. Multiple Choice
Astronaut 1 uses a hammer to mend a satellite in space. Astronaut 2 is nearby. There is no air in space.
What does astronaut 2 hear compared with the sound heard if they were working on Earth?
a louder sound
a quieter sound
a sound of the same loudness
no sound at all
- 9. Multiple Choice
Electromagnetic waves are used for different applications.
Which row gives two waves in order of increasing wavelength, with their applications?
smaller wavelength = infra-red for satellite television; larger wavelength = microwaves for television remote controller
smaller wavelength = infra-red for television remote controller; larger wavelength = microwaves for satellite television
smaller wavelength = microwaves for satellite television; larger wavelength = infra-red for television remote controller
smaller wavelength = microwaves for television remote controller; larger wavelength infra-red for satellite television
- 10. Multiple Choice
A spring of unstretched length 5.0 cm has a spring constant k of 20 N/cm. A load is suspended from the spring and its new length is 8.5 cm.
What is the weight of the load?
0.70 N
1.7 N
70 N
170 N
- 11. Multiple Choice
A body of mass m moving with speed v has kinetic energy E.
A second body, also of mass m, moves with speed v/2
.
What is the kinetic energy of the second body?
E/4
E/2
E
2E
- 12. Multiple Choice
Which fuel does not produce carbon dioxide when it burns?
coal
hydrogen
methane
petrol
- 13. Multiple Choice
To calculate the work done by a force on an object, the size of the force must be known. Which other quantity must be known?
the acceleration of the object in the direction of the force
the distance moved by the object in the direction of the force
the final speed of the object
the time for which the force acts on the object
- 14. Multiple Choice
Which energy source is non-renewable?
geothermal
hydroelectric
nuclear fission
wind
- 15. Multiple Choice
A cup contains hot liquid.
Some of the liquid evaporates.
What happens to the mass and what happens to the weight of the liquid in the cup?
mass = decreases; weight = decreases
mass = decreases; weight = stays the same
mass = stays the same; weight = decreases
mass = stays the same; weight = stays the same
- 16. Multiple Choice
Which statement about evaporation is correct?
Evaporation causes the temperature of the remaining liquid to decrease.
Evaporation does not occur from a cold liquid near its freezing point.
Evaporation does not occur from a dense liquid, such as mercury.
Evaporation occurs from all parts of a liquid.
- 17. Multiple Choice
A gas is stored in a sealed container of constant volume. The temperature of the gas increases.
This causes the pressure of the gas to increase.
What happens to the gas molecules during this pressure increase?
The average kinetic energy of the molecules increases.
The average separation of the molecules decreases.
The average separation of the molecules increases.
The volume of each molecule increases.
- 18. Multiple Choice
A liquid is evaporating. The liquid is not boiling.
Which statement about the liquid is correct?
Any molecule can escape, and from any part of the liquid.
Any molecule can escape, but only from the liquid surface.
Only molecules with enough energy can escape, and only from the liquid surface.
Only molecules with enough energy can escape, but from any part of the liquid.
- 19. Multiple Choice
The diagram shows a quantity of gas enclosed in a cylinder by a piston. The piston is moved to the left or to the right. The temperature of the gas is kept constant.
Which row describes the effect of moving the piston slowly in the direction shown in the table?
movement of piston is to the left; speed of gas molecules increases; pressure of gas decreases.
movement of piston is to the left; speed of gas molecules does not change; pressure of gas increases.
movement of piston is to the right; speed of gas molecules increases; pressure of gas decreases.
movement of piston is to the right; speed of gas molecules does not change; pressure of gas increases.
- 20. Multiple Choice
What causes the random, zig-zag movement (Brownian motion) of smoke particles suspended in air?
air molecules colliding with smoke particles
convection currents as the hot smoke rises
smoke particles colliding with each other
smoke particles reacting with oxygen molecules in the air
- 21. Multiple Choice
A sealed bottle of constant volume contains air.
The air in the bottle is heated by the Sun.
What is the effect on the average speed of the air molecules in the bottle, and the average distance between them?
average speed of air molecules decreases; average distance
between air molecules decreases
average speed of air molecules decreases; average distance
between air molecules stays the same
average speed of air molecules increases; average distance
between air molecules increases
average speed of air molecules increases; average distance
between air molecules stays the same.
- 22. Multiple Choice
Air in a sealed syringe is slowly compressed by moving the piston. The temperature of the air stays the same.
Which statement about the air is correct?
The pressure of the air decreases because its molecules now travel more slowly.
The pressure of the air decreases because the area of the syringe walls is now smaller.
The pressure of the air increases because its molecules now hit the syringe walls more frequently.
The pressure of the air increases because its molecules now travel more quickly.
- 23. Multiple Choice
Very small pollen grains are suspended in a beaker of water. A bright light shines from the side.
Small, bright dots of light are seen through a microscope. The dots move in rapidly changing, random directions.
What are the bright dots?
pollen grains being hit by other pollen grains
pollen grains being hit by water molecules
water molecules being hit by other water molecules
water molecules being hit by pollen grains
- 24. Multiple Choice
A sealed gas cylinder is left outside on a hot, sunny day.
What happens to the average speed of the gas molecules and to the pressure of the gas in the cylinder as the temperature of the gas rises?
average speed of gas molecules decreases; pressure of gas in
cylinder decreases
average speed of gas molecules decreases; pressure of gas in
cylinder increases
average speed of gas molecules increases; pressure of gas in
cylinder decreases
average speed of gas molecules increases; pressure of gas in
cylinder increases
- 25. Multiple Choice
A pool of water evaporates. As molecules escape, the temperature of the water left in the pool changes.
From where do the molecules escape and what is the effect on the temperature of the water in the pool?
molecules escape from all parts of the liquid; temperature of water in the pool decreases
molecules escape from all parts of the liquid; temperature of water in the pool increases
molecules escape from only the liquid surface; temperature of water in the pool decreases
molecules escape from only the liquid surface; temperature of water in the pool increases
- 26. Multiple Choice
A block with flat, rectangular sides rests on a table.
The block is then turned so that it rests with its largest side on the table.
How has this change affected the force and the pressure exerted by the block on the table?
force decreases, pressure decreases
force decreases, pressure is unchanged
force is unchanged, pressure decreases
force is unchanged, pressure is unchanged
- 27. Multiple Choice
Two states of matter are described as follows.
In state 1, the molecules are very far apart. They move about very quickly at random in straight lines until they hit something.
In state 2, the molecules are quite closely packed together. They move about at random. They do not have fixed positions.
What is state 1 and what is state 2?
state 1 = gas; state 2 = liquid
state 1 = gas; state 2 = solid
state 1 = solid; state 2 = liquid
- 28. Multiple Choice
The diagram represents moving gas molecules in a sealed container of fixed volume.
The temperature of the gas is now increased.
What happens to the pressure of the gas, and what happens to the speed of the gas molecules?
pressure of gas increases; speed of molecules increases
pressure of gas is unchanged; speed of molecules increases
pressure of gas increases; speed of molecules is unchanged
pressure of gas is unchanged; speed of molecules is unchanged
- 29. Multiple Choice
A swimmer feels cold after leaving warm water on a warm, windy day.
Why does she feel cold even though the air is warm?
The less energetic water molecules on her skin escape quickly.
The more energetic water molecules on her skin do not escape quickly.
The water on her skin does not evaporate quickly enough to keep her warm.
The water on her skin evaporates quickly and cools her skin.
- 30. Multiple Choice
The diagrams represent the molecules in two different states of matter. The arrows show the motion of the molecules.
What is state 1, and what is state 2?
state 1 = gas; state 2 = liquid
state 1 = gas; state 2 = solid
state 1 = liquid; state 2 = gas
state 1 = liquid; state 2 = solid
- 31. Multiple Choice
The water in a lake is at 5 °C. A diver measures the pressure of the water at two different depths in the lake. He repeats the measurements on a different day when the water is at 15 °C.
The density of the water decreases when its temperature increases.
Which combination of depth and temperature produces the greatest water pressure?
depth = 10 m; temperature = 5o C
depth = 10 m; temperature = 15o C
depth = 20 m; temperature = 5o C
depth = 20 m; temperature = 15o C
- 32. Multiple Choice
A car tyre has a constant volume.
Why does the pressure of the air in the tyre increase when its temperature increases?
The air molecules hit each other less often.
The air molecules hit the inside of the tyre less often.
The average speed of the air molecules in the tyre is greater.
There are more air molecules in the tyre.
- 33. Multiple Choice
The diagram shows a beaker of water. Four molecules are labelled. The relative amount of olecule energy of each molecule is shown.
Which molecule is most likely to escape from the liquid?
molecule A
molecule B
molecule C
molecule D
- 34. Multiple Choice
Some gas is trapped in a container of fixed volume.
The temperature of the gas increases.
Which graph shows how the pressure of the gas changes with temperature?
- 35. Multiple Choice
The volume of a gas in a sealed syringe is increased. The temperature of the gas does not change.
After this change is made, what has happened to the gas molecules in the syringe?
They move more quickly.
They move more slowly.
They hit the syringe walls less often.
They hit the syringe walls more often.
- 36. Multiple Choice
The diagram shows four labelled changes of state between solid, liquid and gas.
Which changes need an energy input?
P and Q
Q and R
R and S
S and P
- 37. Multiple Choice
A thermometer bulb is covered by a piece of damp absorbent cloth. Air at room temperature is blown across the damp cloth.
What happens to the thermometer reading?
It remains constant.
It rises.
It rises then falls
It falls.
- 38. Multiple Choice
Which diagram best shows the path of a gas molecule?
- 39. Multiple Choice
A beaker contains 0.500 kg of water at a temperature of 3.0 °C. The beaker is heated, and the internal energy of the water increases by 21.0 kJ.
The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J / (kg °C).
What is the temperature of the water after it has been heated?
5.5 °C
10.0 °C
13.0 °C
31.5 °C
- 40. Multiple Choice
The diagrams show four beakers A, B, C and D. The beakers contain different amounts of the same liquid at the same temperature. The beakers are left next to each other on a laboratory bench overnight. The diagrams are all drawn to the same scale. From which beaker does the largest quantity of liquid evaporate?
A
B
C
D
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