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- 1. Multiple Choice
Ag+(aq) + Cl—(aq) ⇄ AgCl(s)
A student mixes dilute AgNO3(aq) with excess NaCl(aq) to form AgCl(s), as represented by the net ionic equation above. Which of the diagrams below best represents the ions that are present in significant concentrations in the solution?
- 2. Multiple Choice
Beaker X and beaker Y each contain 1.0 L of solution, as shown above. A student combines the solutions by pouring them into a larger, previously empty beaker Z and observes the formation of a white precipitate. Assuming that volumes are additive, which of the following sets of solutions could be represented by the diagram above?
Beaker X | Beaker Y| Beaker Z
2.0 M AgNO3 | 2 0 M MgCl2 | 4.0 M Mg(NO3)2 and AgCl(s)
2.0 M AgNO3 | 2 0 M MgCl2 | 2.0 M Mg(NO3)2 and AgCl(s)
2.0 M AgNO3 | 1 0 M MgCl2 | 1.0 M Mg(NO3)2 and AgCl(s)
2.0 M AgNO3 | 1 0 M MgCl2 | 0.50 M Mg(NO3)2 and AgCl(s)
- 3. Multiple Choice
Benzene, C6H6 , has the structure shown above. Considering the observation that benzene is only sparingly soluble in water, which of the following best describes the intermolecular forces of attraction between water and benzene?
Benzene is nonpolar, therefore there are no forces between water and benzene.
The H atoms in benzene form hydrogen bonds with the O atoms in water.
Benzene is hydrophobic, therefore there is a net repulsion between water and benzene.
There are dipole-induced dipole and London dispersion interactions between water and benzene.
- 4. Multiple Choice
A student uses visible spectrophotometry to determine the concentration of CoCl2(aq) in a sample solution. First the student prepares a set of CoCl2(aq) solutions of known concentration. Then the student uses a spectrophotometer to determine the absorbance of each of the standard solutions at a wavelength of 510nm and constructs a standard curve. Finally, the student determines the absorbance of the sample of unknown concentration.
The student made the standard curve above. Which of the following most likely caused the error in the point the student plotted at 0.050 M Co2+(aq)?
There was distilled water in the cuvette when the student put the standard solution in it.
There were a few drops of the 0.100 M Co2+(aq) standard solution in the cuvette when the student put the 0.050 M standard solution in it.
The student used a cuvette with a longer path length than the cuvette used for the other standard solutions.
The student did not run a blank between the 0.050 M Co2+(aq) solution and the one before it.
- 5. Multiple Choice
Is the LEAST soluble in water
CH3CH2CH2CH3
CH3CH2CH2OH
CH3COCH3
CH3COOH
CH3CH2CH2NH2
- 6. Multiple Choice
Equal volumes of 0.2 M solutions of lead(II) nitrate and potassium bromide are combined to form lead(II) bromide as a yellow precipitate. Which of the following is the correct net ionic equation for the reaction?
Pb2+ (aq) + 2 Br- (aq) --> PbBr2 (s)
K+ (aq) + NO3- (aq) --> KNO3 (aq)
Pb2+ (aq) + 2 Br- (aq) + 2 K+ (aq) + 2 NO3- (aq) --> KNO3 (aq) + PbBr2 (s)
Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + 2 KBr (aq) --> PbBr2 (s) + 2 KNO3 (aq)
- 7. Multiple Choice
The reaction between aqueous strontium chloride (SrCl2) and aqueous potassium sulfate (K2SO4) forms a precipitate of strontium sulfate (SrSO4). Which of the following represents the net ionic equation for the reaction?
Cl- (aq) + K+ (aq) --> KCl (aq)
Sr2+ (aq) + SO42- (aq) --> SrSO4 (s)
Sr2+ (aq) + SO42- (aq) + 2 Cl- (aq) + 2 K+ (aq) --> SrSO4 (s) + 2 Cl- (aq) + 2 K+ (aq)
SrCl2 (aq) + K2SO4 (aq) --> SrSO4 (s) + 2 KCl (aq)
- 8. Multiple Choice
The survival of aquatic organisms depends on the small amount of O2 that dissolves in H2O. The diagrams above represent possible models to explain this phenomenon. Which diagram provides the better particle representation for the solubility of O2 in H2O, and why?
Diagram 1, because O2 molecules can form hydrogen bonds with the H2O molecules.
Diagram 1, because O2 and H2O are polar molecules that can interact through dipole-dipole forces.
Diagram 2, because the polar H2O molecules can induce temporary dipoles on the electron clouds of O2 molecules.
Diagram 2, because the nonpolar O2 molecules can induce temporary dipoles on the electron clouds of H2O molecules.
- 9. Multiple Choice
Of the following organic compounds, which is LEAST soluble in water at 298 K?
CH3OH, methanol
CH3CH2CH2OH, l-propanol
C6H12O6, glucose
C6H14, hexane
CH3COOH, ethanoic (acetic) acid
- 10. Multiple Choice
On the basis of molecular structure and bond polarity, which of the following compounds is most likely to have the greatest solubility in water?
CH4
CCl4
NH3
PH3
- 11. Multiple Choice
Based on their Lewis diagrams, which of the following pairs of liquids are most soluble in each other?
- 12. Multiple Choice
A student places a piece of I2 (s) in 50.0 mL of H2O (l), another piece of I2 (s) of the same mass in 50.0 mL of C6H14 (l), and shakes the mixtures. The results are shown above. What do the results indicate about the intermolecular interactions of the substances?
I2 (s) and H2O (l) have similar intermolecular interactions, and I2 (s) and C6H14 (l) do not.
I2 (s) and C6H14 (l) have similar intermolecular interactions, and I2 (s) and H2O (l) do not.
I2 (s) H2O (l) and C6H14 (l) all have similar intermolecular interactions.
I2 (s) H2O (l) and C6H14 (l) all have three completely different types of intermolecular interactions.
- 13. Multiple Choice
Using a spectrophotometer, a student measures the absorbance of four solutions of CuSO4 at a given wavelength. The collected data is given in the table above. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the discrepant data in trial 4 ?
The solution was at a lower temperature than the solutions in the other trials.
The measurement was made using a different spectrophotometer that uses a cell with a longer path length.
The solution was saturated and the flow of light through the solution was restricted.
The concentration of the solution was actually lower than 0.150 M.
- 14. Multiple Choice
A student prepared five solutions of CuSO4 with different concentrations, and then filled five cuvettes, each containing one of the solutions. The cuvettes were placed in a spectrophotometer set to the appropriate wavelength for maximum absorbance. The absorbance of each solution was measured and recorded. The student plotted absorbance versus concentration, as shown in the
figure above. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the variance of the data point for the 0.600 M CuSO4 solution?
The cuvette into which the 0.600 M solution was placed had some water droplets inside.
The cuvette into which the 0.600 M solution was placed was filled slightly more than the other cuvettes.
The wavelength setting was accidentally moved away from that of maximum absorbance.
The cuvette used for the 0.600 M solution had not been wiped clean before being put in the spectrophotometer.
- 15. Multiple Choice
M+ is an unknown metal cation with a +1 charge. A student dissolves the chloride of the unknown
metal, MCl, in enough water to make 100.0 mL of solution. The student then mixes the solution with
excess AgNO3 solution, causing AgCl to precipitate. Which of the following diagrams best represents the AgNO3 solution before the reaction occurs?
- 16. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is the best piece of laboratory glassware for preparing 500.0 mL of an aqueous solution of a solid?
Volumetric flask
Erlenmeyer flask
Test tube
Graduated beaker
Graduated cylinder
- 17. Multiple Choice
Which of the following molecules is least soluble in water?
- 18. Multiple Choice
Which of the following pieces of laboratory glassware should be used to most accurately measure out a 25.00 mL sample of a solution?
5 mL pipet
25 mL pipet
25 mL beaker
25 mL Erlenmeyer flask
50 mL graduated cylinder
- 19. Multiple Choice
Which of the following substances has the greatest solubility in C5H12(l) at 1 atm?
SiO2(s)
NaCl(s)
H2O(l)
CCl4(l)
NH3(g)
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