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- 1. Multiple Choice
Producers are generally found at the beginning of a food chain. Which statement best explains why this is true?
Producers are usually smaller in size than consumers.
Producers do not rely on other organisms for food
There are always more consumers than producers in food chains.
Consumers are always more complex organisms than producers.
- 2. Multiple Choice
A lion cub resembles its parents because it inherits genes that produce
DNA identical to all of the DNA found in both parents
proteins identical to all of the proteins found in both parents
ATP identical to some of the ATP found in each parent
enzymes identical to some of the enzymes found in each parent
- 3. Multiple Choice
If body temperature is too high, some blood vessels increase in size and sweat glands will excrete sweat, resulting in a lower body temperature. These changes are an example of
a learned behavior
feedback mechanisms
an inherited disorder
genetic mutations
- 4. Multiple Choice
A farmer grows beans that he sells to local markets. Over a period of 40 years, the farmer has identified the plants that produced the most beans and only used those beans to produce new plants. This procedure is part of the process of
selective breeding
genetic engineering
replication
cloning
- 5. Multiple Choice
Although we rely on coal, oil, and natural gas to produce energy, some environmental scientists have proposed that we use less fossil fuel. One reason to support this proposal is to
enable us to preserve rain forests in tropical areas
help us to reduce the production of carbon dioxide gas
allow us to decrease the use of fertilizers on crops
encourage us to end research on wind and water power sources
- 6. Multiple Choice
The diagram below represents relationships in an ecosystem. What is the primary source of energy in this environment?
cellular respiration in the plants
energy from minerals in the soil
fossil fuels
solar energy
- 7. Multiple Choice
Research has shown that treadmill training increases the number of certain energy-releasing structures in the brain cells of rats.The cellular structures referred to in this study are most likely
mitochondria
nuclei
vacuoles
ribosomes
- 8. Multiple Choice
Which process must first take place in order for the proteins in foods to be used by body cells?
digestion
storage
synthesis
excretion
- 9. Multiple Choice
Which statement is characteristic of reproduction in humans?
The reproductive cells of males and females differ in chromosome number.
Males and females produce gametes in the ovaries.
Males and females produce the same number of gametes.
The reproductive cycles of males and females are regulated by hormones.
- 10. Multiple Choice
Which row in the chart below represents the most likely changes in the atmosphere due to widespread deforestation?
1
2
3
4
- 11. Multiple Choice
Which organisms would most appropriately complete the chart when written in the circle at X?
producers
herbivores
carnivores
decomposers
- 12. Multiple Choice
The diagram below represents the formation of a cancerous growth. Which statement best explains the events represented in this diagram?
A gene mutation caused the cells to become muscle cells.
The growth resulted from the introduction of a vaccine.
A gene mutation caused abnormal mitotic cell division
The growth resulted from uncontrolled meiotic cell division.
- 13. Multiple Choice
A standard laboratory technique used to produce a new plant is represented in the diagram below. This technique is best identified as
gene alteration
selective breeding
replication
cloning
- 14. Multiple Choice
An example of competition between members of two different species is
mold growing on a dead tree that has fallen in the forest
purple loosestrife plants growing in the same wet areas as cattail plants
a coyote feeding on the remains of a deer that died of starvation
two male turkeys displaying mating behaviors to attract a female turkey
- 15. Multiple Choice
Which statement best explains why different body cells of the same individual look and function differently?
Each cell contains different genes
Different genes are activated in different kinds of cells.
Cells are able to change to adapt to their surroundings.
Half of the genes in the cells came from the mother and half from the father.
- 16. Multiple Choice
A diagram of the female reproductive system is shown below. Identify the structure within which the egg cell is normally fertilized.
A
B
C
D
- 17. Multiple Choice
The ameba, a single-celled organism, reproduces asexually. Variations in an ameba would most commonly occur through
differentiation during development
the fusion of gametes
random mutations
recombination during fertilization
- 18. Multiple Choice
The development of organs and tissues from a zygote includes
mitosis and differentiation
mitosis and gamete production
meiosis and gamete production
meiosis and fertilization
- 19. Multiple Choice
In the 1920s, over 25 million acres of the American southern plains were stripped of prairie grasses to provide more land for farmers to grow wheat. The prairie grasses had served to hold the soil in place and prevent erosion. In the early 1930s, a series of severe dust storms eroded topsoil from more than 13 million acres of the southern plains and dumped it as tons of dust particles over many cities in the Northeast. Farmland was destroyed and people were sickened from “dust pneumonia.” This occurrence illustrates that
farmers should never clear land to grow crops as it always creates problems
once an ecosystem has been altered, it can not be restored to normal
the farmers deliberately altered the equilibrium of the cities in the Northeast
when humans alter ecosystems, serious consequences may result
- 20. Multiple Choice
The Cornell University News Service reported, “The sugar maple is the most economically valuable tree in the eastern United States because of its high-priced lumber, syrup and tourist-attracting fall colors.” The effects of acid rain now threaten the survival of these trees. This threat is the result of a human activity that has
introduced a foreign species by accident
stabilized a forest ecosystem through technology
weakened an ecosystem through pollution
weakened a species by direct harvesting
- 21. Multiple Choice
The human male reproductive system is adapted for the production of
sperm and the delivery of these cells for internal fertilization
gametes that transport food to the egg
zygotes and the development of these cells into a fetus
hormones that stimulate placenta formation in the male
- 22. Multiple Choice
The diagram below represents an important biological technique scientists rely on to produce replacement hormones. Which two processes are required for the technique to successfully produce hormones?
replication of DNA in bacterial cells and cell division
replication of DNA in bacterial cells and gamete formation
meiosis and development
mitosis and fertilization
- 23. Multiple Choice
The diagram below summarizes some of the steps in the development of humans. All the genetic information needed for the organism to develop is first present at
A
B
C
D
- 24. Multiple Choice
Five different living organisms are represented below. Which statement about the organisms represented above is correct?
All of the organisms are autotrophs.
Only the flowering plant, green heron, and aquatic plant carry out photosynthesis.
Only the frog and green heron can maintain homeostasis
All of the organisms pass on traits through reproduction.
- 25. Multiple Choice
Mistletoe is an evergreen shrub that can produce most of its own food. Often, mistletoe can be found living on trees and taking water and nutrients away from the tissues of the trees. The relationship between mistletoe and trees is an example of
consumer/herbivore
predator/prey
scavenger/decomposer
parasite/host
- 26. Multiple Choice
Rabbits are not native to Australia. They were imported by European settlers. In 1936, the myxoma virus was introduced into Australia as a means of biological control to infect and reduce the rabbit population. This method of controlling the rabbit population was an attempt to
stop the overpopulation of a native species
stop the overproduction of an introduced species
limit the food sources of the rabbit
limit the number of rabbits brought into the country
- 27. Multiple Choice
The major role of carbohydrates in the human diet is to
form the membranes that surround mitochondria
act as a catalyst for cellular reactions
supply energy for the body
provide building blocks for amino acids
- 28. Multiple Choice
Throughout New York State, some farmers have switched from growing a variety of vegetable crops to growing a single crop, such as corn. Other farmers are concerned that such a practice will make it more likely that an entire crop could be lost to disease or infestation by an insect pest. This is a valid concern because this practice
reduces the biodiversity of their fields
increases the number of decomposers in their fields
decreases the need to import food
increases the number of invasive species
- 29. Multiple Choice
The breathing rate, heart rate, and blood hormone levels of an individual would directly provide information about that individual’s
cellular organization
nutrition
inheritance
metabolic activity
- 30. Multiple Choice
The diagram below represents an energy pyramid. Which type of organism could occupy levels B, C, and D of this energy pyramid?
consumer
producer
autotroph
carnivore
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