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- 1. Multiple Choice
1. After constant exposure to a stimulus, our nerve cells fire less frequently. This can be explained by which of the following?
Weber's law
Sensory adaptation
Signal detection
Absolute threshold sensitivity
The Phi phenomenon
- 2. Multiple Choice
2. The ability of the human visual system to barely detect a candle flame at a distance of about 30 miles on a clear, dark night is an example of
absolute threshold
difference threshold
just noticeable difference
Weber's Law
sensory adaptation
- 3. Multiple Choice
3. The semicircular canals, located in the inner ear, provide important information about the
Apparent distance of sound
Air pressure of the surrounding areas
Body’s posture and head position
Frequency of sound waves
Amplitude of sound waves
- 4. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is true of about rods and cones?
Rods facilitate black-and-white vision and cones facilitate color vision.
Both rods and cones are most concentrated at the periphery of the retina.
Both rods and cones are most concentrated at the blind spot of the retina.
Rods and cones are distributed evenly throughout the retina.
Rods are more useful than cones for perception in well-lit areas.
- 5. Multiple Choice
The Gate Control Theory attempts to explain how
The brain analyzes patterns by analyzing changes in brightness over broad areas
Filtering of excess information results in reduced responses to constant stimulation
The nervous system blocks or allows pain signals to pass to the brain
Differing regions of the tongue are more sensitive to different tastes
Chemicals released by one animal can shape the behavior of a second animal of the same species
- 6. Multiple Choice
In vision, transduction occurs within the
Optic nerve
Visual Cortex
Retina
Lens
Cornea
- 7. Multiple Choice
After staring at a green, black, and orange “American flag” for about a minute, an individual will see a red, white, and blue flag afterimage. Which of the following explains this phenomenon?
Trichromatic theory
Opponent-process theory
Retinex theory
Color constancy
Convergence
- 8. Multiple Choice
People who are color blind most likely have deficiencies in their
Rods
Cones
Lens
Optic Nerves
Occipital Lobe
- 9. Multiple Choice
Martin fell off his skateboard and badly bruised his elbow. He immediately began rubbing the area around the bruise until the pain subsided. This method of reducing pain can be explained by which of the following?
Gate-control theory
Opponent-process theory
Trichromatic theory
Expectancy theory
Phantom pain
- 10. Multiple Choice
The perceived pitch of a tone is largely determined by its
Loudness
Timbre
Amplitude
Complexity
Frequency
- 11. Multiple Choice
Balance is influenced by the
Cochlea
Basilar membrane
Eardrum
Auditory
Semicircular canals
- 12. Multiple Choice
Visual acuity is best in the
Lens
Iris
Pupil
Fovea
Cornea
- 13. Multiple Choice
Photoreceptors relay visual information to the brain through which of the following cells?
Trigeminal and vestibular
Ganglion and vestibular
Bipolar and vestibular
Bipolar and Schwann
Bipolar and ganglion
- 14. Multiple Choice
A sound is often detected by one ear more intensely and a fraction of a second earlier than it is detected by the other ear. These cues help individuals determine the
Pitch of the sound wave
Timbre of the sound wave
Absolute threshold for sound perception
Frequency of the sound wave
Location of the source
- 15. Multiple Choice
In the dark, an object is more clearly seen when viewed in peripheral vision than when viewed directly. This phenomenon occurs because the rods located in the retina are
More sensitive in the dark than cones and are not found in the fovea
Less sensitive in the dark than cones and are not found in the fovea
As sensitive in the dark as cones and are few in number in the fovea
More numerous than cones are in the fovea
As numerous as cones are all over the retina
- 16. Multiple Choice
A reason that one typically does not notice a blind spot in the visual field is that
The blind spot is very small, and no visual stimuli are likely to be so small that the blind spot completely obscures them
Most visual stimuli affect only one visual hemisphere and one hemisphere can cover for the other
Visual stimuli usually affect the occipital cortex in both hemispheres
The blind spot habituates to a stimulus when the head is held still
The brain fills in missing information so there is no awareness that the visual field is incomplete
- 17. Multiple Choice
An individual’s ability to focus on a particular conversation in a noisy and crowded room is called
Auditory localization
Dichotic listening
Deep processing
Divided attention
Selective attention
- 18. Multiple Choice
Damage to which of the following best explains conduction deafness?
Basilar membrane
Hammer, anvil, and stirrup
Auditory nerve
Temporal lobe
Central sulcus
- 19. Multiple Choice
Receptors for olfaction are located
On the basilar membrane of the cochlea
In the taste buds on the tongue
In the nasal cavity
In the esophagus
In the dermis
- 20. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is true about the blind spot in the eye?
It occurs where the optic nerve leaves the eye
It is caused by an excess of bipolar cells in the retina
It is most apparent in low levels of illumination
It is stimulated by only high levels of illumination
It is caused by a bleaching of rhodopsin in the rods
- 21. Multiple Choice
Negative afterimages are explained by
The trichromatic theory
Color detection by rods
The opponent-process theory
A lack of adaptation
Dichromatic color perception
- 22. Multiple Choice
The pitch of a sound is analogous to which of the following features of light?
Brightness
Size
Saturation
Hue
Intensity
- 23. Multiple Choice
Feature detectors are neurons that are turned on or off by specific features of visual stimuli like edges and movement. Where in the visual system are these feature detectors located?
Occipital lobes
Retina
Optic chiasm
Lens
Cornea
- 24. Multiple Choice
Which of the following theories most accurately explains pitch perception?
I. Opponent process
II. Frequency
III. Place
I only
II only
I and II only
II and III only
I, II, and III
- 25. Multiple Choice
Which of the following supports the opponent-process theory of color vision?
Color constancy
Feature detection
Subtractive color mixing
Afterimages
Parallel processing
- 26. Multiple Choice
Laura arrives at a park that is located very close to a factory that produces cookies. She immediately notices a strong odor of chocolate chip cookies, but after a while she no longer detects the smell of the cookies. This can best be explained by which of the following?
Accommodation
Sensory adaptation
Weber’s law
Assimilation
Phi phenomenon
- 27. Multiple Choice
When Rosa has a cold, she cannot taste the flavor of her pizza. Which of the following psychological terms describes Rosa’s inability to taste?
Vestibular sense
Just-noticeable difference
Feature analysis
Optic chiasm
Sensory interaction
- 28. Multiple Choice
Latisha noticed that in the early evening she begins to have difficulty seeing vibrant colors in her artwork. Which of the following best describes her difficulty?
Her rods are functioning improperly and are not sensing color
Her cones cannot detect color well in dim light
Light adaptation prevents sensation of color
Lateral antagonism inhibits color sensation
Her optic chiasm is not correctly transferring color neural impulses
- 29. Multiple Choice
Using cell phones while driving increase the number of accidents because use of the phones requires
Perceptual constancy
Feature detection
Sensory adaptation
Blindsight
Selective attention
- 30. Multiple Choice
It can be assumed that an individual described as a supertaster
Is a man
Has a low density of taste buds on the tongue
Is very sensitive to hot peppers
Learned to be a supertaster from others
Represents a majority of the United States population
- 31. Multiple Choice
When Rocco views the image above, he sees it as a 13 when it is part of a larger number but as a B when it is part of a word. Rocco’s response shows the importance of what perceptual concept?
Context Effects
Binocular Cues
Divided Attention
Schemas
Bottom-Up Processing
- 32. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is an example of shape constancy?
Even though the angle from which she viewed the table had changed, Elise still perceived the table as rectangular.
Mariann still saw an apple as red even when the light in the room got darker.
Allison’s hair was still perceived as bright pink even when the sky became overcast.
Sarah did not notice the sound of the air conditioner until it suddenly shut off.
Marcia is able to catch the basketball because of binocular cues.
- 33. Multiple Choice
When a pair of lights flashing in quick succession seems to an observer to be one light moving from place to place, the effect is referred to as
stroboscopic movement
the phi phenomenon
autokinetic motion
binocular vision
induced displacement
- 34. Multiple Choice
Carlos sees the figure above as six unified columns, not four unified rows. Which of the following Gestalt principles is operating most strongly?
Proximity
Similarity
Closure
Continuation
Common Fate
- 35. Multiple Choice
Which monocular depth cue is illustrated in the figure above?
Accommodation
Texture-Gradient
Relative Size
Interposition
Linear Perspective
- 36. Multiple Choice
Convergence is a binocular depth cue that is based on the
change in the size of the pupil
muscular tension that leads to the lens changing shape
muscular tension that occurs when the eyes turn inward
fact that there are more rods on the periphery of the retina
fact that there are more cones in the fovea
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