No student devices needed. Know more
50 questions
Which of the following is a feature of the storage stage of memory?
converting visual information into something meaningful
converting sound into vibrations
bringing information housed in long-term memory to mind
holding information just long enough to work with it
The information-processing model assumes that the length of time a memory will be remembered depends on:
a person’s age at the time the memory is processed.
where the event takes place.
the stage of memory in which it is stored.
how long ago the event takes place.
Eduardo is watching people walk down the street, and all of a sudden he thinks, "Was that man wearing a bright purple suit?" As a result of this thought, he looks back at the man to see if it is true. Which type of memory is responsible for Eduardo's behavior?
long-term
working
short-term
iconic
Echoic memory lasts ______ iconic memory.
about two to four seconds longer than
about two to four minutes longer than
about the same amount of time as
about half the time of
What type of memory is controlled by a central executive?
long-term memory
sensory memory
working memory
elaborative memory
In spite of the loud music and conversation at the party, Rachel was able to hear her friend say her name. Rachel's ability to hear her name regardless of the background noise is an example of:
iconic memory.
maintenance rehearsal.
procedural memory.
selective attention.
In the information-processing model of memory, the second stage is:
sensory memory
long-term memory
short-term memory
retrieval
George Miller concluded that the capacity of the short-term memory (STM) is:
from five to nine bits of information.
exactly seven bits of information.
about twenty bits of information.
almost endless.
Eve is able to remember her Social Security number by breaking it into three parts: three numbers/two numbers/four numbers. Eve is using the process of:
chunking
selective attention
retrieval
maintenance rehearsal
________ memory is like a giant filing system in which the "files" are individual bits and pieces of memories stored in a highly organized and interconnected fashion.
Long-term
Short-term
Autobiographical
Sensory
What is the best way of transferring information from short-term memory into long-term memory, that is, by making the information meaningful in some way?
maintenance rehearsal
elaborative rehearsal
rote learning
encoding specificity
Emotional associations, habits, skills, reflexes, and conditioned responses are often difficult to bring into consciousness because they tend to be:
implicit
explicit
in working memory
serial
In _________, new long-term declarative memories cannot be formed at all.
retrograde amnesia
memory decay
anterograde amnesia
memory trace
You know the name of the first president of the United States without giving it a moment’s thought. This is:
implicit memory.
explicit memory
semantic memory.
episodic memory.
An example of an episodic memory would be:
a special gift you received on your 13th birthday.
the fact that 2 plus 2 equals 4.
how to ride a bicycle.
the names of the planets in the solar system.
After reviewing a list of all the U.S. presidents, Carl is able to remember the names of the first three presidents before he begins to have difficulty. This is:
the recency effect.
the primacy effect.
state-dependent learning.
recognition.
People’s memories of the September 11, 2001 terror attacks on New York City and Washington, D.C. are best described as:
recognition memories.
implicit memories.
flashbulb memories.
procedural memories.
The song that begins “Doe, a deer, a female deer . . . fah, a long long way to run” helps people remember the order of notes on a musical scale. This song is a type of:
mnemonic device.
elaborative rehearsal.
constructive process.
echoic memory.
Staying up all night to read all the material for a big exam in the morning is an example of:
massed practice.
elaborative rehearsal.
distributed practice.
encoding failure.
The motto “use it or lose it” is a good strategy to avoid which of the following?
decay in short-term memory
displacement in long-term memory
retrieval failure in sensory memory
retrieval failure in long-term memory
Dr. Leung encourages her students to go beyond just memorizing definitions. If they fully understand the meanings of the concepts covered in class, she says, they will remember them much longer. Which model is Dr. Leung suggesting they use?
parallel distributed processing
higher-order processing
information processing
levels-of-processing
Your mother tells you, “You could be in a room filled with noise, but you always hear what you want to hear.” This statement best reflects which concept related to short-term memory?
selective attention
echoic memory
photographic memory
eidetic imagery
For which of the following pieces of information would a person be LEAST likely to use the method of chunking?
a ten-digit telephone number
a five-digit zip code
a nine-digit social security number
a sixteen-digit account number
When given a list of grocery items to remember, Marissa can only recall the last several items on the list. Marissa’s memory lapse is a good illustration of _______.
the primacy effect
anterograde amnesia
the recency effect
retrograde amnesia
When people think, they often have both _______ in their minds.
memories and recollections
things and people
images and words
confusion and frustration
Which of the following is the best example of a prototype of a car?
a truck
a sedan
a toy race car
an SUV
________ form as the result of people’s experiences with concepts in the real world.
Natural concepts
Superordinate concepts
Formal concepts
Prototypes
Which of the following is a TRUE statement regarding algorithms?
They will always result in a correct solution, if there is a correct solution to be found.
They are also known as rules of thumb.
They are also known as mechanical solutions.
They are the result when the mind comes up with a solution in an "aha!" moment.
A boy and his father are in a car accident. The father is killed, and the boy is rushed to the hospital. At the hospital, the doctor says, "I can't operate on this boy. He's my son!" How is this possible? If the answer just comes to you after a period of time, then you have solved this problem with:
insight.
means-end analysis.
a representative heuristic.
an algorithm.
The representativeness heuristic can be used to create and sustain:
memories.
algorithms.
stereotypes.
scripts.
Coming up with multiple ways to use an object is an example of:
a technique for using heuristics.
a strategy to stimulate divergent thinking.
a strategy to stimulate convergent thinking.
a way to create subgoals.
Köhler’s studies with chimpanzees showed that animals:
are able to understand complex verbal instructions.
are capable of using language.
can demonstrate insight.
learn by imitation.
Why were the results of Köhler’s chimpanzee studies considered groundbreaking?
They suggested that there was little difference between the brains of humans and chimpanzees.
They proved that chimpanzees were as intelligent as humans.
They showed that animals could learn through trial-and-error methods.
They shattered long-held beliefs about animal cognition.
A barrier to problem-solving that involves thinking
about objects only in terms of their typical uses is called ________.
confirmation bias
representativeness
trial and error
functional fixedness
A tendency to search for evidence that fits one’s beliefs while ignoring other evidence is called ________.
mental set
trial-and-error
confirmation bias
functional fixedness
Which of Gardner’s types of intelligence would a star athlete demonstrate?
interpersonal
bodily-kinesthetic
intra-personal
spatial
Binet and Simon decided that a key element in testing intelligence was a child’s:
mental age.
standard deviation.
emotional intelligence.
practical intelligence.
David Wechsler was the first to design an IQ test specifically for:
adults.
males.
females.
various cultures.
If a test measures what it is supposed to measure, that test has:
reliability.
validity.
objectivity.
consistency.
Marjorie took a personality test in April. She took the same test in June and December, receiving a very similar score. This test can be considered:
subjective.
objective.
reliable.
valid.
A test can fail in validity and still:
be a good test.
accurately determine IQ.
measure what it’s supposed to measure.
be reliable.
Which of the following activities would be LEAST likely to require thinking?
blinking at a bright light
cooking a hot meal
taking an exam
picking out clothes to wear
Derrick lives in the rugged mountains, so whenever he hears the word “vehicle,” the first thing that comes to mind is a jeep. For Derrick, a jeep is a(n) _______ for vehicle.
prototype
mental set
algorithm
formal concept
Sabrina’s statistics instructor assigns math homework every week that requires Sabrina to solve problems using formulas. Sabrina is making use of what method of problem solving to complete her statistics homework?
insight
algorithms
trial and error
heuristics
After almost giving up on fixing the loose leg on the table because he couldn’t find a screwdriver, Aaron used a knife that was nearby. Aaron was able to fix the table by overcoming _______.
availability heuristic
mechanical solutions
confirmation bias
functional fixedness
Alyssa has to write a research paper on the effects of video games on child behavior. Alyssa believes that video games lead to bad behavior in children, and only finds research that supports her views. Alyssa’s actions are a demonstration of _______.
divergent thinking
functional fixedness
confirmation bias
convergent thinking
Keneisha is only 11 years old, but she can answer questions that most 15-year-olds can answer. Therefore, 15 is Keneisha’s ______.
chronological age
mental age
IQ
ideal age
Dr. Armen gives his students a test that assesses their learning styles. Two weeks later, Dr. Armen gives the same test to the same students to see if the results remain consistent. Dr. Armen seems interested in the ______ of the test.
reliability
validity
standardization
norms
Daria has an IQ score of 160. Based on her IQ score alone, Daria can be assumed to be ______.
academically challenged
emotionally intelligent
socially awkward
a genius
Samantha does really well managing her own emotions, as well as recognizing and understanding the feelings of others around her. Mayer's research would indicate that Samantha has a high level of _______.
book smarts
emotional intelligence
self-esteem
optimism
Explore all questions with a free account