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- 1. Multiple ChoiceAutotrophsuse photosynthesis.are able to survive without oxygen.are primary consumers.are at the top of the food chain.cannot assimilate carbon.
- 2. Multiple ChoiceA zebra is an example ofa secondary consumer.a producera detritivore.a primary consumer.a scavenger.
- 3. Multiple ChoiceIf gross primary productivity in a wetland is 3 kg C/m^2/year and respiration is 1.5 kg C/m^2/year, what is the net primary productivity of the wetland?1.5 kg C/m^2/year2 kg C/m^2/year3 kg C/m^2/year4.5 kg C/m^2/yearImpossible to determine from the given information
- 4. Multiple ChoiceThe average efficiency of energy transfer between trophic levels is approximately1 percent4 percent10 percent40 percent50 percent
- 5. Multiple ChoiceThe gross primary productivity of an ecosystem isthe total amount of biomass.the total energy captured by photosynthesis.the energy capured after accounting for respiration.the energy available to primary consumers.the biomass of the producers.
- 6. Multiple ChoiceEcosystem boundaries arebased primariy on topographic features.boundaries to nutrient flows.never based on human created features.are only used for ecosystems smaller than a few square hectares.depend on many subjective factors.
- 7. Multiple ChoiceWhich one of the following is fixed from the atmosphere by bacteria?MagnesiumPhosphorusSulfurNitrogenPotassium
- 8. Multiple ChoiceHuman contruction of buildings and pavement affect the hydrological cycle by I.increasing runoff II. increasing evaporation III. increasing percolationI onlyI and II onlyI and III onlyII and III onlyIII only
- 9. Multiple ChoiceThe largest carbon pool is found inoceansthe atmospheresedimentary rockliving organismsfossil fuels
- 10. Multiple ChoicePhosphorusis a limiting nutrient in many aquatic systems.has an important gaseous phase.is easily lost from soils due to leaching.is often produced by volcanic eruptions.changes chemical form often during its biogeochemical cycle.
- 11. Multiple ChoiceAcid rain is associated with which geochemical cycle?PotassiumCalciumCarbonPhosphorusSulfur
- 12. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following processes is also known as ammonification?Nitrogen fixationNitrificationAssimilationMineralizationDenitrification
- 13. Multiple ChoiceHaitian farmers are buying mango tree saplings for $10 each, and the full-grown trees prduce $75 of fruit each year. If a farmer wishes to earn $1,500 per year when the trees are grown, how much will the farmer have to spend on saplings?1001502007501000
- 14. Multiple ChoiceWhich is NOT true about disturbances?They are caused by natural events such as hurricanes.They occur only on short time scales.They can cause complete destruction on an ecosystem.Many result in no change in ecosystem productivity.Some are due to antrhopogenic causes.
- 15. Multiple ChoiceAn ecosystem that rapidly returns to its original state after a disturbance isresistantvigorousresilientstableadaptable
- 16. Multiple ChoiceThe intermediate disturbance hypothesis states that intermediate levels of disturbance willincrease runoffincrease ecosystem nutrient cyclingdecrease primary productivityincrease species diversitydecrease biomass
- 17. Multiple ChoiceThe Hubbard Brook experiment showed thatthe intermediate disturbance hypothesis is plausible.freshwater aquatic ecosystems are often very resilient.river restoration can take many years to complete.evapotranspiration increases with more vegetation cover.deforestation increased nutrient runoff.
- 18. Multiple ChoiceWhich is a measure of how much a disturbance can affect the flows of energy and matter in an ecosystem?DiversityIntensityResistanceResilienceHomeostatis
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