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- 1. Multiple Choice
Can the atomic mass of an element vary?
No, it's fixed; otherwise a new element will be formed.
Yes. Adding or losing electrons will substantially change the atomic mass.
Yes. Adding or losing protons will change the atomic mass without forming a different element.
Yes. Adding or losing neutrons will change the atomic mass without forming a different element.
- 2. Multiple Choice
When are atoms most stable?
when they have the fewest possible valence electrons
when they have the maximum number of unpaired electrons
when all the electron orbitals in the valence shell are filled
when all the electrons are paired
- 3. Multiple Choice
Water molecules can form hydrogen bonds with _____.
oils
compounds that have polar covalent bonds
oxygen gas (02) molecules
chloride ions
- 4. Multiple Choice
Cohesion, surface tension and adhesion are the properties of water molecules that ____
increase when temperature increases
increase when pH increases
are a result of hydrogen bonding
are a result of covalent bonding
- 5. Multiple Choice
Low humidity in the atmosphere on a hot day _____
helps in cooling because skin absorbs water from the atmosphere
does not help in cooling because water evaporates from skin faster
helps in cooling because water evaporates from the skin faster
does not help in cooling because skin absorbs water from the atmosphere
- 6. Multiple Choice
Why does ice float in water?
The high surface tension of liquid water keeps the ice on top.
The ionic bonds between the molecules in ice prevent the ice from sinking.
Stable hydrogen bonds keep water molecules of ice farther apart than water molecules of liquid water.
The crystalline lattice of ice causes it to be denser than liquid water.
- 7. Multiple Choice
the molar mass of glucose is 180 grams per mole (g/mol). Which of the following procedures should you carry out to make a 1 M solution of glucose? In 0.8 liter (L) of water dissolve ________.
1 g of glucose, and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L.
18 g of glucose, and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L.
180 g of glucose, and then add 0.2 L more of water
180 g of glucose, and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L.
- 8. Multiple Choice
Based on your knowledge of the polarity of water molecules, the solute molecule depicted is most likely _____.
positively charged
negatively charged
without charge
nonpolar
- 9. Multiple Choice
A solution with a pH of 2 has how many more protons in it than a solution with a pH of 4?
5x more
10x more
100x more
1000x more
- 10. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is considered to be a strong base (alkali)?
HCl ---> H+ + Cl-
NH3 + H+ <--> NH4+
H2CO3 <---> HCO3_ + H+
NaOH ----> Na+ + OH-
- 11. Multiple Choice
What is the pH of a solution with a hydroxyl ion (OH-) concentration of 10-10 M ?
pH 2
pH 4
pH10
pH 12
pH -10
- 12. Multiple Choice
If the cytoplasm of a cell is at pH 7, and the mitochondrial matrix is at pH 8, then the concentration of H+ ions _____.
is 10x higher in the cytoplasm than in the mitochondrial matrix.
is 10x higher in the mitochondrial matrix than in the cytoplasm.
in the cytoplasm is 7/8 the concentration in the mitochondrial matrix
in the cytoplasm is 8/7 the concentration in the mitochondrial matrix.
- 13. Multiple Choice
A carbon atom is most likely to form what kind of bond(s) with other atoms?
ionic
hydrogen
covalent
ionic, covalent, and hydrogen bonds
- 14. Multiple Choice
What does this symbol stand for Σ
average
range
expected value
sum
- 15. Multiple Choice
What type of bond between water molecules is responsible for giving water special properties, like high cohesion?
ionic bonds
nonpolar covalent bonds
polar covalent bonds
hydrogen bonds
- 16. Multiple Choice
What are the 4 emergent properties of water that are important for life?
cohesion, temperature moderation, hydrogen bonds expand when in solid form, universal solvent
cohesion, hydrogen bonds expand when in solid form, capillarity, heat of vaporization
temperature moderation, universal solvent, high surface tension, capillarity
polarity, hydrogen bonding, high specific heat, capillarity
- 17. Multiple Choice
If a molecule has a high specific heat, that is directly related to which of the following?
At boiling, it changes into a vapor
More heat is needed to raise its temperature?
When in solid form, it will float on its liquid form
If salt is added, then that will lower its freezing point
- 18. Multiple Choice
What will result when water is treated with chemicals that reduce its surface tension?
Droplets will form a thin film instead of beads
Droplets will be smaller when dropping from a sink
Water striders (Jesus bugs) will sink
All of the above will occur
None of the above will occur
- 19. Multiple Choice
Radioisotopes, which are used in the lab with biological examples, are used to do each of the following except...
disinfecting wounds
medical imaging
tracing the movements of cells
dating fossils
- 20. Multiple Choice
Which water properties account for the movement of water up a tree?
cohesion and adhesion
cohesion and specific heat
adhesion and lower density
adhesion and universal solvent
- 21. Multiple Choice
Which property of water are organisms in cold waters most grateful for?
specific heat
adhesion
low density in solid form
odorlessness
- 22. Multiple Choice
Water becomes less dense when it freezes due to what?
polar covalent bonds
double bonds
hydrogen bonds
polar ionic bonds
none of the above
- 23. Multiple ChoiceWhat property of water allows it to be such a versatile solvent that it is often called the "universal solvent?"PurityPolarity and cohesionHigh heat capacityExpansion upon freezing
- 24. Multiple ChoiceWater molecules require a lot of energy to break the hydrogen bonds. This gives water a highdensitypolaritysolvencyspecific heat
- 25. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following properties of water enables molecules to cling together as they move from the roots to the leaves of plants?Water expands as it freezes.Water is an excellent solvent.Water exhibits cohesive behavior.Water moderates temperature.
- 26. Multiple ChoiceWhy does water move from the roots to the leaves of plants?Water is pushed by solutes.Capillary action pulls the water molecules like a chain.Water is pulled by gravity.Water’s cohesion causes it to “pull” towards the leaves.
- 27. Multiple ChoiceWhat property of water helps to moderate earth's temperature?adhesionchohesionSpecific heat capacityLatent heat of vaporization
- 28. Multiple Choice
Pure water has a pH of
6
15
3
7
- 29. Multiple ChoiceWhich characteristic of water will allow a paperclip to remain floating on water when the paperclip is gently placed on top of the water?adhesionsurface tensionsolvent propertiesnonpolar
- 30. Multiple ChoiceWater droplets take a spherical shape (as pictured) because of ____________adhesioncohesioncapillary actionsolubility
- 31. Multiple ChoiceIf you put a drop of dishwashing liquid on your finger and then dip it into the pepper and water the pepper will rush to the outer edges of the dish. Why does this happen?the pepper will not interact with soap, so rushes away.the cleaning powers of soap are 'cleaning' the waterWhen you add detergent to water the surface tension of the water is lowered, so the water flattens out and the pepper is carried to the edges with it.it's magic.
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