struggling under the political domination of Spain 

enjoying a period of social and economic stability

experiencing increasing ethnic and religious diversity 

undergoing rapid and disruptive economic and social transformation. 

was an immediate economic success

was saved from failure by John Smith's leadership and by JOhn Rolfe's introduction of tobacco 

enjoyed the strong and continual support of King James I 

depended on the introduction of African slave labor for its survival 

the desire for political freedom

religious commitment and devotion

economic opportunity and the chance for a better life

a spirit of adventure and interest in exploring the New World

it really did not matter what religious beliefs people held, because all were more or less equal

political democracy inevitably required freedom of speech and religion

God had created human beings fundamentally good and able to choose the right

civil government had no right to regulate religious behavior or individual conscience

New Jersey and New York

New Jersey and Delaware

New Netherland and New York

Maryland and Delaware

Connecticut

New Hampshire

Maine

Rhode Island

the native population was highly respected in terms of territorial possessions and religious beliefs

the Europeans for the most part did not interact with the native population

Spain was the only European country to successfully create and alliance with the native population

Native populations were often killed off or driven away by the Europeans

the creation of large-scale irrigation works to promote the growing of maize

the development of highly structured systems of social stratification

the construction of monuments to nature-based deities

the organization of self-governing confederacies among disparate tribes

a significant new source of staple food crops

an influx of gold and silver capital for the construction of new urban centers

advanced medical techniques that extended the life-span of Native Americans

new animals as sources of food and to serve as beasts of burden

the growth of the food supply and subsequent population increase

the introduction of slavery as a significant source of labor for European landowners

the widespread devastation of new diseases among the poor

a drainin gof capital from the royal families and a shift of wealth to the hands of the merchant class

desires to convert the Native Americans to Catholicism

hopes of establishing permanent colonies for settlement

the desire to beat out European rivals in the land grab for North America

the need of new sources of wealth to support the growth of the nation

the development of new navigational technology

an end to European wars between competing royal families

a rise of nationalism among European states

the desire to spread Christianity

a source of labor

a group to be protected

a focus of evangelization

outcasts to be excluded from Spanish settlement

the refusal of explorers to tithe on the wealth they discovered

the lack of missionary zeal among the conquistadors

the treatment of Native Americans as subhuman and expendable

the focus of the Spanish Crown on Latin America while neglecting the Reconquista at home

the native population was highly respected in terms of territorial possessions and religious beliefs

the Europeans for the most part did not interact with the native population

Spain was the only European country to successfully create and alliance with the native population

Native populations were often killed off or driven away by the Europeans

the Southwest

the Great Plains

the Northwest

the Eastern Seaboard

the creation of large-scale irrigation works to promote the growing of maize

the development of highly structured systems of social stratification

the construction of monuments to nature-based deities

the organization of self-governing confederacies among disparate tribes

the Pueblo

the Sioux

the Chinook

the Iroquois

a significant new source of staple food crops

an influx of gold and silver capital for the construction of new urban centers

new animals as sources of food and to serve as beasts of burden

advanced medical techniques that extended the life-span of Native Americans

the growth of the slave trade

a growing belief in white superiority

an increased interest in mining American metals

huge population growth

Women in Spanish colonies wielded no power because of Europe’s defined gender roles

African and Native American women sometimes wanted to adopt European dress

Europeans both officially and unofficially enforced strict social roles based on race

Spanish citizens often treated Africans and Native Americans brutally to maintain power

Their excitement about the land they discovered

The agreements they made with Spanish and Portuguese monarchs for a percentage of the land and wealth they found

Their bravery in sailing west from Europe

Their general reputations as “really good sailors”

Mostly nomadic tribes that hunted in the eastern woodlands

Small settlements that often belonged to larger confederations

Dense, city-like settlements that irrigated their crops

Stereotypical “Indians” in teepees and feather headdresses

The multiple wars between Native Americans and Spanish conquistadores

The Spanish failure to ever convert Mexico to the Catholic faith and a capitalist economy

The cultural identity of modern Mexican citizens, formed by the history of both the Native Americans and the Spanish

An abrupt change in every aspect of Native American life