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30 questions
The treatment of the Native Americans by the Spanish conquistadors can be described as
leaving little of Spanish culture.
at times brutal and exploitative.
firm but fair.
scornful of intermarriage.
The Christian crusaders were indirectly responsible for the discovery of America because they
were victorious over the Muslims.
returned with captured Muslim maps showing the North and South American continents.
succeeded in establishing improved business relations between Muslims and Christians.
brought back news of valuable Far Eastern spices, drugs, and silk.
Which of the following best describes the impact European colonization had on the Western Hemisphere's native population?
the native population was highly respected in terms of territorial possessions and religious beliefs
the Europeans for the most part did not interact with the native population
Spain was the only European country to successfully create and alliance with the native population
Native populations were often killed off or driven away by the Europeans
Which of the following regions was home to bands of nomadic Native Americans who relied on their game for the vast majority of their needs?
the Southwest
the Great Plains
the Northwest
the Eastern Seaboard
Which of the following shows how Native Americans adapted to an transformed the environment in which they lived?
the creation of large-scale irrigation works to promote the growing of maize
the development of highly structured systems of social stratification
the construction of monuments to nature-based deities
the organization of self-governing confederacies among disparate tribes
Which of the following tribes was encountered by English settlers and best known for their highly evolved system of government?
the Pueblo
the Sioux
the Chinook
the Iroquois
As a result of the Columbian Exchange, the New World gained...
a significant new source of staple food crops
an influx of gold and silver capital for the construction of new urban centers
new animals as sources of food and to serve as beasts of burden
advanced medical techniques that extended the life-span of Native Americans
“The people of this island, and of all the others I have seen, or not seen, all go naked, men and women, just as their mothers bring them forth; although some women cover a single place with the leaf of a plant, or a cotton something they make for that purpose. They have no iron or steel, nor any weapons; nor are they fit thereunto; not because they are not a well-formed people and of a fair stature, but that they are wondrously timorous [fearful].”---Christopher Columbus, “Letter to Luis de Santagel, Keeper of the Privy Purse (1493)”
Columbus’ description of Native Americans contributed most directly to which of the following developments in Europe?
the growth of the slave trade
a growing belief in white superiority
an increased interest in mining American metals
huge population growth
“They are very tenacious in preserving the customs of their ancestors. They do not permit slaves, or even freedmen who have a mixture of Negro blood, to wear any cloth other than that made in this country, which is quite coarse. I was told recently that a certain bedecked mulatto [woman] who appeared in Córdoba was sent word by the ladies of the city that she should dress according to her station, but since she paid no attention to this reproach, they endured her negligence until one of the ladies, summoning her to her home under some other pretext, had the servants undress her, whip her, burn her finery before her eyes, and dress her in the clothes befitting her class.”
Alonso Carrío de la Vandera, Cordoba, Argentina
The event described in the excerpt most directly challenges the prevailing belief that:
Women in Spanish colonies wielded no power because of Europe’s defined gender roles
African and Native American women sometimes wanted to adopt European dress
Europeans both officially and unofficially enforced strict social roles based on race
Spanish citizens often treated Africans and Native Americans brutally to maintain power
“To emphasize the heroism of Columbus and his successors as navigators and discoverers, and to deemphasize their genocide, is not a technical necessity but an ideological choice. It serves – unwittingly – to justify what was done.” ----Howard Zinn, historian, A People’s History of the United States
Which of the following evidence most directly challenges the depiction of European explorers as simply heroic “navigators and discoverers”?
Their excitement about the land they discovered
The agreements they made with Spanish and Portuguese monarchs for a percentage of the land and wealth they found
Their bravery in sailing west from Europe
Their general reputations as “really good sailors”
In 1491, the large eastern region depicted on the map actually consisted of
Mostly nomadic tribes that hunted in the eastern woodlands
Small settlements that often belonged to larger confederations
Dense, city-like settlements that irrigated their crops
Stereotypical “Indians” in teepees and feather headdresses
“Mexico City was built on the ruins of Tenochtitlan, the Aztec city that was built in the likeness of Tula, the Toltec city that was built in the likeness of Teotihuacan, the first great city on the American continent. Every Mexican bears within him this continuity, which goes back two thousand years.” - Octavia Paz, Mexican author
The process described in the excerpt most directly led to:
The multiple wars between Native Americans and Spanish conquistadores
The Spanish failure to ever convert Mexico to the Catholic faith and a capitalist economy
The cultural identity of modern Mexican citizens, formed by the history of both the Native Americans and the Spanish
An abrupt change in every aspect of Native American life
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