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- 1. Multiple Choice
Which of the following molecules would contain a polar covalent bond?
Cl2
NaCl
H2O
CH4
- 2. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is most closely related to the secondary structure of proteins?
lipids
peptide bonds
alpha helix
cellulose
- 3. Multiple Choice
The process by which protein conformation is lost or broken down is
dehydration synthesis
translation
denaturation
hydrolysis
- 4. Multiple Choice
Which of the macromolecules below could be structural parts of the cell, enzymes, or involved in cell movement or communication?
nucleic acids
proteins
lipids
carbohydrates
- 5. Multiple Choice
The partial negative charge at one end of a water molecule is attracted to a partial positive charge of another water molecule. What is this type of attraction called?
a polar covalent bond
an ionic bond
a hydration shell
a hydrogen bond
- 6. Multiple Choice
Which two functional groups are always found in amino acids?
amine and sulfhydryl
hydroxyl and carboxyl
carboxyl and amine
phosphate group and nitrogenous base
- 7. Multiple Choice
The tremendous variation and unique properties of proteins are most likely a result of
interactions between R groups of the amino acids
hydrogen bonds lining amino acids
the sequence of amino acids in the primary structure of the protein
peptide bonds lining amino and carboxyl groups
- 8. Multiple Choice
Water is an excellent solvent. Select the property that justifies this statement.
as a polar molecule, it can surround and dissolve ionic and polar molecules
it forms ionic bonds with ions, hydrogen bonds with polar molecules, and hydrophobic interactions with non polar molecules
it forms hydrogen bonds with itself so cohesion is possible
it is liquid and will adhere to many substances
- 9. Multiple Choice
An organic compound that is composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio is known as a
lipid
carbohydrate
protein
nucleic acid
- 10. Multiple Choice
If the pH of a solution is decreased from 7 to 6, it means that the concentration of
H+ has decreased to 1/10 of what it was at pH 7
H+ has increased 10 times what it was at pH 7
OH- has increased 10 times what it was at pH 7
OH- has increased by 1/7 of what it was
- 11. Multiple Choice
This image is of what type of macromolecule?
lipid
carbohydrate
protein
nucleic acid
- 12. Multiple Choice
Which type of macromolecule is used for long term energy storage?
- 13. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is considered fully saturated?
- 14. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is considered MOSTLY NONPOLAR?
- 15. Multiple Choice
How many amino acids are featured here?
1
2
3
4
- 16. Multiple Choice
Meat is considered to contain the highest of which macromolecule?
protein
carbohydrate
nucleic acid
lipid
- 17. Multiple Choice
Lugol's reagent tests for the presence of starches. Which type of macromolecule does it test for?
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
carbohydrate
- 18. Multiple Choice
Which monomer is correctly matched with the type of bond that holds them together?
lipid: carbohydrate covalent bonds
nucleotide: ester linkages
monosaccharide: hydrogen and phosphodiester bonds
amino acids: peptide bonds
- 19. Multiple Choice
Which functional group is NOT pictured in the image?
phosphate
hydroxyl
amine
carboxylic acid
- 20. Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements is true?
In order to create a polymer, a water is removed.
In order to create a polymer, a water is added.
In order to create a polymer, hydrolysis must occur.
In order to create a polymer, oxygen must be present.
- 21. Multiple ChoiceProteins are made of monomers called ___________NucleotidesMonosaccharidesAmino AcidsGlycerol and fatty acids
- 22. Multiple ChoiceThe element _______is found in all of the organic compounds.IronNitrogenCarbonOxygen
- 23. Multiple ChoiceDNA and RNA are examples ofCarbohydratesLipidsProteinsNucleic Acids
- 24. Multiple ChoiceNucleotides are monomers ofCarbohydratesLipidsProteinsNucleic Acids
- 25. Multiple ChoiceMonosaccharides are monomers ofCarbohydratesLipidsProteinsNucleic Acids
- 26. Multiple ChoiceWaxes, oils and fats are examples ofCarbohydratesLipidsProteinsNucleic Acids
- 27. Multiple ChoiceGlycerol and fatty acids are the monomers ofCarbohydratesLipidsProteinsNucleic Acids
- 28. Multiple Choice
Which macromolecule is shown?
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
carbohydrate
- 29. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the function of nucleic acids?store genetic informationstore energy (long-term)store energy (short-term)build skin, hair, nails, muscles
- 30. Multiple Choice
Which macromolecule is shown?
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
carbohydrate
- 31. Multiple ChoiceWhat type of macromolecule are enzymes?ProteinCarbohydrateLipidNucleic Acid
- 32. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following organic compounds is the main source of energy for living things?carbohydrateslipidsnucleic acidsproteins
- 33. Multiple ChoiceCarbohydrates are made of...C H OC H O NC H O N PC H O N S
- 34. Multiple ChoiceLipids are made of...C H OC H O NC H O N PC H O N S
- 35. Multiple Choice
Proteins are made of...
C H O
C H O N
C H O N P
C H O N S
- 36. Multiple ChoiceWhich macromolecule stores energy, insulates us, and makes up the cell membrane?lipidsproteinscarbohydratesnucleic acids
- 37. Multiple ChoiceThis is one job proteins do NOT have in the bodyinsulationstructure for tissues and organsspeed up chemical reactionstransport things through cell membrane
- 38. Multiple ChoiceWhat are the four macromolecules?proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipidsmonosaccharides, lipids, polysaccaharides, and proteinsRNA, DNA, proteins, and carbohydratesproteins, DNA, RNA, and steroids
- 39. Multiple ChoiceWhat suffix (word ending) is used in the names of most carbohydrates?-ase-nic-ose-yme
- 40. Multiple ChoiceLipids can be digested into what smaller subunits?nucleic acidsamino acidsfatty acidsglucose
- 41. Multiple ChoiceAll polymers are made up of...monosaccharidesmonomersproteinsNone of these
- 42. Multiple ChoiceAll organic compounds contain the elementcarbonnitrogenphosphorussulfur
- 43. Multiple ChoiceBuilding blocks of the body, hair , muscles etc.proteinnucleic acidlipidscarbohydrates
- 44. Multiple ChoiceIs found in the cell membrane as a bilayer.lipidsproteinnucleic acidcarbohydrate
- 45. Multiple ChoiceWhich is an example of a lipid?CandyOlive OilDNAMeat
- 46. Multiple ChoiceHow many sugar units make up polysaccharides?onetwomore than twozero
- 47. Multiple ChoiceIdentify the macromolecule in the picture.
* look at the R.....carbohydrateslipidsproteinsnucleic acids - 48. Multiple ChoiceIdentify the macromolecule in the picture
* cholesterol and triglyceridescarbohydrateproteinlipidnucleic acid - 49. Multiple ChoiceWhat type of macromolecule is being represented in this image?carbohydratelipidproteinnucleic acid
- 50. Multiple ChoiceWhy are lipids insoluble in water?lipids are polarlipids are non-polarlipids have a negative chargelipids are building blocks of protiens
- 51. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the four major biological macromolecules can be easily identified by the nitrogen base and phosphate found in its structure?carbohydratelipidproteinnucleic acid
- 52. Multiple ChoiceYou are analyzing a compound in the laboratory. You find that it is made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of two hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom. How will you classify the compound?lipidproteincarbohydratenucleic acid
- 53. Multiple ChoiceFats, oils and cholesterol are all types of what?cell membraneshormones
hormoneslipidsfatty acids - 54. Multiple ChoiceMany plants have waxy coatings on some surfaces. This coating reduces water loss because it is not water-permeable. This waxy coating is which of the following types of organic molecule?proteincarbohydratenucleic acidlipid
- 55. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the function of cellulose?store long-term energyrepair tissuescreate plant cell wallssupply short-term energy
- 56. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the function of glycogen?carb storage in plantscarb storage in animalsmake up cell wallsit's an enzyme
- 57. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the function of starch?carb storage in plantscarb storage in animalsmakes up cell wallsit's an enzyme
- 58. Multiple ChoiceDefine Dehydration SynthesisThe use of H2O to break a bond between moleculesthe process of becoming thirstythe bonding of two molecules by the addition of H2OThe bonding of two molecules by the removal of H2O
- 59. Multiple ChoiceDefine Peptide BondThe bonding of two amino acids by hydrolysisthe bonding of two amino acids by dehydration synthesisThe bonding two amino acids to form a lipidthe bonding of two amino acids to form a carb
- 60. Multiple ChoiceMonomer: Polymer asMono
sacharid: proteinprotein: amino acidmono
sacc
harid: poly
sacc
haridecellulose: glycerol - 61. Multiple ChoiceWhat molecule is represented in the imageLipid (trig
lyceride)poly
sacch
arideamino acidprotein - 62. Multiple ChoiceWhat type of molecule is represented in the image?poly
sacch
arideun
saturated fatsaturated fatmono
sacch
aride - 63. Multiple Choicewhat molecule is represented in the imagesaturated fatmono
sacch
arideamino aciddi
sacch
aride - 64. Multiple ChoiceWhat molecule is represented in the image?ProteinCarbo
hydratelipidmono
sacc
aride - 65. Multiple ChoiceSaturated fatty acids tend to be_____ at room temperaturesolidliquid
- 66. Multiple ChoiceBecause water has a positively charged end and a negatively charged end, it can be described asamphipathichydrophobicpolarnonpolar
- 67. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is correctly defined as the attraction of the hydrogen from one molecule to the oxygen of a different molecule?amphipathichydrophobichydrogen bondingadhesion
- 68. Multiple ChoiceThe property of water that allows water molecules to stick to each other isadhesioncohesiondensityspecific heat
- 69. Multiple ChoiceThe property of water that allows water molecules to stick to another substance isadhesioncohesiondensityspecific heat
- 70. Multiple ChoiceThe fact that ice floats on liquid water is due to the fact that water's solid is ___________ than it's liquid formless polarmore polarless densemore dense
- 71. Multiple ChoiceWater molecules require a lot of energy to separate one from the others. This gives water a highdensitypolaritysolvencyspecific heat
- 72. Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements is true?
Water is transported actively against a concentration gradient.
Water flows into the direction of the lowest water potential.
Active transport is ATP-independent.
Osmosis requires impermeable membranes.
- 73. Multiple ChoiceDuring the winter, air temperatures in the northern United States can remain below 0°C for months; however, the fish and other animals living in the lakes survive. This is due to water'scapillary actiondensitycohesionspecific heat
- 74. Multiple ChoiceMany substances—for example, salt (NaCl) and sucrose—dissolve quickly in water. This is because water isadhesivehydrophobicnonpolarpolar
- 75. Multiple ChoiceWhen you pour water into a 25-mL graduated cylinder, a meniscus forms at the top of the water column. This is due to the ________ of water.adhesioncohesiondensityspecific heat
- 76. Multiple ChoiceWater drops that fall on a surface tend to form rounded drops or beads. This is due to the __________ of water.adhesioncohesiondensityspecific heat
- 77. Multiple ChoiceIf you touch the edge of a paper towel to a drop of colored water, the water will move up into (or be absorbed by) the towel. This is a demonstration of water'scapillary actiondensityability to dissolve most substancespecific heat
- 78. Multiple ChoiceThe temperature in San Francisco tends to stay the same throughout the year, but at the same latitude a land locked city's temperature with fluctuate greatly. This is due to water'sadhesiondensityability to dissolve many solutesspecific heat
- 79. Multiple ChoiceA(n) ______ is a substance with a pH less than 7AcidAlkalineBaseBuffer
- 80. Multiple ChoiceA(n) _______ is a substance with a pH greater than 7.BaseAcidBufferWater
- 81. Multiple Choice
Buffer is defined as
ability to change a pH
ability to prevent pH from decreasing
ability to resist a pH increase
minimizes the changes in the concentrations of H+ and OH-
- 82. Multiple Choice
Why do cells need a buffer system?
Chemical processes in the cell are sensitive to the concentration of H+ and OH-
Cells do not have a buffer system
Cells need acids and bases to survive
The pH range of cells can withstand large changes
- 83. Multiple Choice
If some process releases acid [H+] into the blood, this equilibrium responds by shifting to the left as long as there is HCO3-present for the H+ to react with, thus removing the excess H+ions. What happens after the release of H+?
pH never lowers
pH is lowered and then immediately restored
pH raises and then is restored
ph lowers and remains low
- 84. Multiple ChoiceA liquid with a pH of 4 is _x more concentrated in H+ than a liquid with a pH of 6.101001,00010,000
- 85. Multiple ChoiceWhat makes a molecule polar?Equal sharing of valence electronsUnequal sharing of valence electronsStealing of electronsTemporary charges that come and go
- 86. Multiple ChoiceWhen water is added to split a molecule, the reaction is known as a(n) __ reaction.dehydration synthesiscondensationhydrolysissuper magical
- 87. Multiple ChoiceWhich biomolecule is mainly hydrocarbons and therefore very hydrophobic?carbohydratenucleic acidproteinlipid
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