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- 1. Multiple Choice
The relationship between the temperature of a system and the total energy of the system depends on what factors?
Whether or not all the parts of the system are connected
The ability of scientists to accurately measure the thermal energy of the system
Whether or not the system is in motion at the time
The type, states, and the amount of matter in the system
- 2. Multiple Choice
Four metal cubes, each at a different starting temperature, are placed in contact with each other. Which of the following describes the most likely flow of thermal energy in this situation?
Cube #4 to Cube #2
Cube #1 to Cube #2
Cube #3 to Cube #4
Cube #1 to Cube #3
- 3. Multiple Choice
Students are testing different materials to find the one that transfers the most heat energy. Identical containers, made of different materials, were filled with hot water, and the temperature of the water was measured and recorded over time. Based on the graph of the time and temperature data, which material was most effective at transferring thermal energy?
Material 1
Material 2
Material 3
Material 4
- 4. Multiple Choice
An investigation to determine which material can maximize heat energy transfer would most likely include which of the following?
Hot water placed in containers made of different substances
Ice cubes sealed in containers of various sizes
Metal objects heated to a variety of temperatures
Air temperature recorded at different times of day
- 5. Multiple Choice
The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on all of the following EXCEPT-
the color of matter present.
the type of matter present.
the amount of matter present.
the state of matter present.
- 6. Multiple Choice
A ball rolls across the floor. Because of friction, the ball will eventually slow down and come to a stop. Which of the following is evidence of energy transfer resulting from the change in the motion of the ball?
Different surfaces create different amounts of friction.
The ball moves in the same direction as it rolls across the floor.
Energy sets the ball in motion.
The ball and the floor gain a small amount of heat energy.
- 7. Multiple Choice
A graph showing the kinetic energy of a 10 kg object at different speeds is provided. Based on the information in the graph, we can predict that the kinetic energy of the object at 2 m/s would be-
12 Joules.
20 Joules.
38 Joules.
44 Joules
- 8. Multiple Choice
The total kinetic energy of two cars is measured before and after they crash into each other. The total kinetic energy of the two cars after the crash is less than the total kinetic energy before the crash. Which of the following best explains the loss of kinetic energy?
Some of the cars' kinetic energy was converted to sound and heat energy.
Both of the cars were being pulled downward by the force of gravity.
The cars will eventually stop moving, which shows that energy is always lost.
The car with more mass gave up its kinetic energy to the car with less mass.
- 9. Multiple Choice
A graph showing the kinetic energy and mass of objects traveling at 10 m/s is shown.
In order for an object moving at 10 m/s to have a kinetic energy of 1800 Joules, the object must have a mass in the range of-
0-10 kg.
10-20 kg.
20-30 kg.
30-40 kg.
- 10. Multiple Choice
A graph showing the kinetic energy and speed of a moving object is provided.
Which of the following can be concluded from the graph?
Kinetic energy only changes when speed changes.
Speed is only related to the size of an object.
Kinetic energy increases as speed increases.
All moving objects have the same kinetic energy.
- 11. Multiple Choice
Which of the following factors contributes most to the amount of energy required to change the temperature of a sample of water by 10°C?
The source of the sample of water
The size of container holding the sample
The initial temperature of the sample
The amount of water in the sample
- 12. Multiple Choice
Students take three samples of three different liquids, all at the same temperature, and place the samples into three identical beakers. They place all three beakers onto the same hot plate. Which of the following observations would support the idea that the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of matter, depends on the nature of the matter?
Before heating, the initial mass of the three different liquids were slightly different.
After turning off the hot plates, all the liquids eventually returned to room temperature.
Some of the heat from the liquids was transferred to the air around the beakers.
After the same amount of time, the three samples were at different temperatures.
- 13. Multiple Choice
Four cubes, of the same size, but made of different materials, were placed in a hot water bath at a temperature of 100°C. The temperature of each cube was monitored for 30 minutes and the results graphed as shown here. The cube made of which substance will take the longest to reach a temperature of 75°C ?
Copper
Steel
Plastic
Glass
- 14. Multiple Choice
A student wishes to investigate how the material of which an object is made affects how the object changes temperature. The student will heat objects to a temperature of 50C, then see how long it takes the objects to cool down to room temperature. For this investigation, it is most important that the student use objects that-
are the same size, but made of different materials.
will not melt at temperatures above 100°C.
release thermal energy quickly to the environment.
are made of metals, since they conduct heat.
- 15. Multiple Choice
Students heated four samples of water to the same temperature and then placed the samples in four different environments for ten minutes to see how temperature change was affected. They recorded their data in the table provided. The sample in which environment had the smallest change in temperature after ten minutes?
The sample in Environment #1
The sample in Environment #2
The sample in Environment #3
The sample in Environment #4
- 16. Multiple Choice
An illustration of a roller-coaster is provided.
At which point in the roller-coaster's journey along the track does it have the greatest potential energy?
W
X
Y
Z
- 17. Multiple Choice
At which position on the diagram would an apple have the greatest potential energy?
Position 1
Position 2
Position 3
Position 4
- 18. Multiple Choice
Looking at graphs, which of the following statements (2) are true?
As mass was doubled, kinetic energy was also doubled.
Mass and kinetic energy have a direct linear relationship.
As mass was doubled, kinetic energy was decreased by half.
Mass and kinetic energy have an inverse linear relationship.
- 19. Multiple Choice
As the mass of an object doubles, the kinetic energy will _____________________________________. As the mass of the object is reduced by half, the kinetic energy will ___________________________________.
double, decrease by half
double, decrease by a factor of four
quadruple, decrease by half
quadruple, decrease by a factor of four
- 20. Multiple Choice
As the speed of the an object doubles, kinetic energy will ______________________________. As the speed of the object is reduced by half, the kinetic energy will ______________________________________.
double, decrease by half
double, decrease by a factor of four
quadruple, decrease by half
quadruple, decrease by a factor of four
- 21. Multiple Choice
Students are exploring heat transfer. They fill a cup with hot water and place it on a counter in their classroom. They observe that the cup of hot water starts at a temperature of 80℃, and after an hour, the temperature drops to 27℃.
As the cup of hot water sits on the table in the room and cools off, how does the thermal energy transfer? (Select the 3 answers that are true)
Thermal energy will be transferred from the table to the cup.
Thermal energy will be transferred from the hot water to the air around it.
Thermal energy will be transferred from the cup to the hot water.
Thermal energy will be transferred from the hot water to the cup.
Thermal energy will be transferred from the cup to the table.
- 22. Multiple Choice
The image to the right shows four soccer balls at different locations on an uneven soccer field.
Which ball has the greatest amount of kinetic energy?
Ball A
Ball B
Ball C
Ball D
- 23. Multiple Choice
Which soccer ball has the greatest amount of potential energy?
Ball A
Ball B
Ball C
Ball D
- 24. Multiple Choice
Four containers made of different materials, each containing water at 30ºC, were set out on a table. The initial temperature of the water was recorded. The temperature of the water was also recorded 15 minutes later. Which container was the most effective at preventing heat transfer from the water to the environment?
Container P
Container Q
Container R
Container S
- 25. Multiple Choice
Espresso Coffee House is designing a coffee mug that keeps liquids hot. The research department tested several different materials for their ability to keep a normal-sized cup of coffee hot the longest amount of time. The testing room temperature is approximately 25 degrees Celsius. Which material is the best at keeping the liquids hot?
Material A is the best at keeping the liquids hot.
Material B is the best at keeping the liquids hot.
Material C is the best at keeping the liquids hot.
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