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118 questions
The diagram below shows water in a graduated cylinder. A student states that the graduated cylinder contains 150 mL of water. This statement is
a prediction
a theory
an observation
a hypothesis
The average daily air temperature at a certain location increases when there is a seasonal increase in the number of daylight hours. Which graph best shows this change? (HINT- Both are increasing!)
Graph A
Graph B
Graph C
Graph D
Horizontal rows across the periodic table are called
groups
periods
clusters
element
A particle that moves around the nucleus of an atom is a(an)
proton
neutron
electron
element
The four diagrams below model the results of mixing atoms of different substances. Each atom is represented by a different symbol. Which diagram correctly models a chemical change creating a compound?
As the water temperature is increased from
30°C to 70°C, how many more grams of
substance A will dissolve in 100 grams of water?
*Only look at the line for Substance A- Look at the x-axis for 30°C and find the y-value.
to 70°C and find the y-value.
Subtract the two y-values to find how many more grams dissolves.
20g
50g
40g
90g
Some common substances and their chemical formulas are listed in the chart below. Which of these substances are elements?
HINT- ONE Capital Letter = Elements
TWO Capital Letters = Compound!
hydrochloric acid and carbonic acid
carbon dioxide and water
oxygen and helium
water and oxygen
Sand and iron particles that are similar in size and color are mixed together in a beaker. What would be the best method of separating the particles?
**Think about our Separating Mixtures Lab- how did you separate the iron from the mixture?
Use tweezers to separate them.
Use a magnet to separate them.
Add water to the mixture.
Pour the mixture into a filter.
A mixture of salt, sand, and water is thoroughly stirred. It is then filtered through a filter paper as shown in the diagram to the right. Which substances(s) pass through the filter?
Hint! Think about the Separating Mixtures Lab we did. What happened when you did this?
only the water
only the water and the sand
only the water and salt
the sand, salt and the water
Identify the elements that has chemical properties similar to the chemical properties of fluorine.
You should select more than one answer!
Bromine
Neon
Oxygen
Chlorine
Iodine
Which elements are metals?
*You can select more than one answer.
Cd
Cu
Br
P
Which elements are nonmetals?
Br
Cd
Cu
P
In which group of the Periodic Table of the Elements are the noble gases located?
Group 1
Group 2
Group 17
Group 18
The diagram below shows the arrangement of atoms and the chemical composition of a water molecule. The table shows common elements and their chemical symbols. What two elements make up the water molecule?
Helium and Oxygen
Calcium and Hydrogen
Hydrogen and Oxygen
Carbon and Oxygen
The atomic number of an atom is determined by the number of
protons
electrons
neutrons
valence electrons
Which of the following elements is the best conductor of electricity?
Carbon (C)
Sulfur (S)
Oxygen (O)
Copper (Cu)
Which element from this portion of the table chemically reacts in a way similar to the way the element chlorine (Cl) reacts?
Si
Xe
O
I
Which element is classified as a noble gas?
Sulfur (S)
Argon (Ar)
Oxygen (O)
Nitrogen (N)
These particles are located in the nucleus of an atom:
electrons and neutrons
protons and electrons
neutrons, protons, and electrons
neutrons and protons
In which labeled space on the portion of the table should the element lead (Pb) be placed?
a
b
c
d
Because copper is a metal, it is
liquid at room temperature
nonreactive with our substances
a poor conductor of electricity
a good conductor of heat
The diagrams below represent the same two magnets placed in four different positions. The North (N) and South (S) poles are labeled. At which position will the force of attraction between these two magnets be greatest?
1
2
3
4
The diagram shows a pinwheel rotating above a lit candle. The arrows indicate the direction
of air flow.
Which energy transformation is best shown in this diagram?
heat to mechanical
sound to heat
mechanical to light
heat to sound
The diagrams show liquid water changing to water vapor in four different situations. Which observation would be evidence that the water is undergoing a phase change?
Waves form on the top of the pond.
Water soaks into the wet sand.
The water splashes out of the swimming pool.
The water level in the glass of water decreases.
The diagram below shows the relative wavelengths for several types of electromagnetic energy.
Which type of electromagnetic energy has a SHORTER WAVELENGTH than ultraviolet waves?
*Hint- wavelength decreased on the chart from left to right!
visible light
x rays
microwaves
infrared light
The illustration below shows an example of energy changing forms. Which changes in energy form are illustrated in the diagram?
electrical to sound to light and mechanical
mechanical to light to sound and electrical
sound to mechanical to light and electrical
light to electrical to mechanical and sound
The diagram below shows a Bunsen burner heating a beaker of water on a beaker stand. The arrows represent the transfer of heat energy in the water.Which process is primarily responsible for the transfer of heat indicated by the arrows in the beaker of water?
*Hint! The arrows show WARM RISING and COOL SINKING (DENSITY DIFFERENCES!)
conduction
radiation
condensation
convection
Water vapor (gas) changes to liquid water during which process?
dissolving
evaporation
melting
condensation
Diagrams A and B show models of how the molecules of the same substance are arranged in two different phases of matter. Which phases of matter are represented by diagrams A and B?
solid and gas
gas and liquid
solid and liquid
Which is a nonrenewable resource?
solar power
windmills/turbines
hydropower (water)
fossil fuels (gas, coal, oil...)
Which is a renewable resource?
coal
solar power
oil
gas
Broken pieces of rock often transported by wind or water is known as
weathering
sediments
magma
fossils
Coal and limestone are both ___________ sedimentary rocks because they came from the remains of living things.
*You can reference the ESRT to help you
organic
inorganic
fossils
magma
The group of rocks that will most likely contain fossils are the _______________ rocks.
sedimentary
igneous
metamorphic
The diagram shows some of the layers of rocks found in the Grand Canyon.
Scientists find these layers of rock useful for studying
fossils.
What type of rock is shown labeled in
these layers?
extrusive
metamorphic
igneous
sedimentary
Which two processes formed this rock?
**Use your keywords and/or Rock Cycle Chart!
melting and cooling
heat and pressure
compacting and cementing
weathering and melting
The diagram below represents the fossils found in a rock formation found in central Rhode Island.
In which type of rock were the fossils most likely found?
sedimentary rock that formed in an ocean environment
sedimentary rock that formed in a land environment
igneous rock that formed in an ocean environment
igneous rock that formed in a land environment
The diagram below shows a cross section of a portion of Earth’s crust that has not been overturned. Letters A, B, C, and D represent sedimentary rock layers that contain fossils.
Which rock layer contains the oldest fossils?
A
B
C
D
The ___ is the sphere of the Earth that is thinnest under the oceans and thickest under the mountains.
hydrosphere
lithosphere
atmosphere
The color of a mineral in its powdered form.
streak
cleavage
color
hardness
Base your answer to questions 19 on the diagram below and the mineral chart. The diagram below shows the results of three different physical tests A, B and C, that were performed on a mineral.
The luster of this mineral could be
determined by
The luster of this mineral could be determined by
using a graduated cylinder
observing how light reflects from the surface of the mineral
observing what happens when acid is placed on the mineral
A student created the table below by classifying six minerals into two groups, A and B, based on a single characteristic.
Which property was used to classify these minerals?
Color
luster
chemical composition
hardness
Which property best describes a rock which has formed from sediments?
crystalline structure
banding or zoning of minerals
glassy texture
fragmented particles arranged in layers
The diagram below represents how rock is affected when water enters cracks in rock, freezes, and becomes ice. Which geologic process is represented in the diagram?
abrasion
metamorphism
frost action
plant action
Which Earth layer is most dense?
Remember the most dense layer is always at the bottom!
plastic mantle
stiffer mantle
mantle
inner core
The maps show two streams, A and B, on two different dates. The arrows represent the direction of the streams’ flow. Students studying erosion painted several rocks of similar size, shape, and density. On May 1, they put half of the rocks in stream A and half of the rocks in stream B. On July 1, the students recorded the locations of the painted rocks in each stream. The results are shown in the diagram below.
Explain how this experiment demonstrated erosion.
The rocks did not move
The rocks were moved from upstream to downstream
The rocks were broken
The rocks stayed in place
Why crushing the aluminum can is an example of a physical change and not a chemical change.
A new substance was formed
The shape changed, but it is still the same substance
The can can not be brought back to its original form
The data table below shows apparent air temperature in degrees Fahrenheit (°F). Apparent air temperature is how hot the air feels at different air temperatures and different relative humidity.
If the air temperature is 90°F and the relative humidity is 70%, the apparent air temperature is
20°F
106°F
71°F
113°F
Based on the diagram, which letter in the water-cycle diagram indicates where condensation occurs?
A
B
C
D
Which temperature and moisture conditions describe an air mass that originates over the Atlantic Ocean near the equator?
warm and dry
warm and humid
cool and dry
cool and humid
The photograph shows a satellite image of a
hurricane. A satellite image of a hurricane helps weather forecasters to
warn residents of hazardous weather conditions
explain the effects of global warming on the
ocean currents
predict the times of high tide and low tide
predict the total number of storms to occur in
one year
Base your answer on the weather map below and on your knowledge of science. The center of a storm system (Low) over part of the United States and the frontal boundaries associated with this system are shown. Point A represents a location on the map.
The word Low on the map refers to
air temperature
relative humidity
air pressure
amount of cloud coverage
The map shows an air mass that formed over the Gulf of Mexico at location A.
Once air mass A reaches location B, the weather conditions at location B will most likely become ______________
warmer and drier
warmer and more humid
colder and more humid
colder and drier
The arrows in the diagram below show the circulation of air on a sunny day. The air circulation shown is caused by.....
both hot air and cool air sinking
both hot air and cool air rising
hot air sinking and cool air rising
hot air rising and cool air sinking
Which map best represents the surface wind pattern associated with high-pressure and low-pressure systems in the Northern Hemisphere?
Low = inward and left (counterclockwise)
High = outward and right (clockwise)
The line separating the cold air mass from the warm air mass represents a ________________
Hint! Remember the air mass is behind the frontal boundary. The boundary is the "leader" of the front and brings the air mass with it.
Also- it is a curved line
warm front
cold front
line of latitude
high-pressure system
In the diagram, the air mass most likely to affect New York State the next day would be
Hint! Weather moves from West to East in US
air mass A
air mass B
air mass C
air mass D
The diagram below shows what normally happens as air is pushed up a mountain by winds in New York State during the summer.
The clouds result from the ____________________
drop in wind speed as the air nears the mountain
movement of water down the mountainside
warming of the air as it rises over the mountain
condensing of water vapor in the air as it rises and cools
When a strong wind is blowing from one location to another, the two locations most likely have a difference in ____________
air pressure
dew point temperature
cloud cover
elevation
Which weather event usually includes heavy precipitation, strong winds, and surface air temperatures below 0°C?
0°C = freezing point of water
blizzard
thunderstorm
hurricane
tornado
The layer that protects us from harmful ultraviolet (uv) rays can be found at a height of 25 miles in the atmosphere. The ozone layer is found in the ________________
troposphere
stratosphere
mesosphere
thermosphere
Describe one weather condition that was most likely produced along the fronts as this low pressure system moved across New York State in July.
cloudy and rainy
sunny and dry
clear and sunny
The diagram below shows part of the water cycle. Some processes in the water cycle are represented by A, B, C, and D.
Which letter represents EVAPORATION?
A
B
C
D
The map shows the four major time zones in the continental United States. Time zones are based on lines of longitude. To change time by one hour you must move 15 degrees of longitude. Use your knowledge of latitude and longitude and the map below to answer the question that follows.
If it is 9 a.m. in the Eastern Time Zone, what time is it in the Pacific Time Zone?
East = Increase
West = Less
3 a.m.
6 a.m.
6 p.m.
9 p.m.
Base your answer to the question on the latitude and longitude system shown below. The map represents a part of the Earth’s surface and its latitude-longitude coordinates. Points A through F represent locations in this area.
What is the compass direction from point D toward point E?
southwest
northwest
southeast
northeast
How are latitude and longitude lines drawn
on a globe of the Earth?
Latitude lines are parallel and
longitude lines meet at the poles.
Latitude lines are parallel and
longitude lines meet at the Equator.
Longitude lines are parallel and
latitude lines meet at the poles.
Longitude lines are parallel and
latitude lines meet at the poles.
The measurements of 0 degrees latitude and 0 degrees longitude are known as
parallels and the international date line
equator and the most important meridian
parallels and the prime meridian
equator and prime meridian
What is a possible elevation of point C?
HINT!- It has to be greater than 80 ft, but less than......
What is the next contour line? Now subtract 1 from that to get the max elevation. Any number within that range.
75 feet
85 feet
95 feet
105 feet
Isolines are defined as
lines used when trying to pinpoint a location.
lines that connect equal values of temperature only.
a nice cold treat to have on a hot summer day.
lines connecting equal measurements.
On the weather map, the lines used to determine where it is the greatest wind speed are known as
isotherms
contour lines
isobars
triangles
Which location can be found at sea level?
A
C
D
E
The map shows latitude and longitude lines for a portion of North America. Points A and B represent two cities.
Compared to the location of city A, the location of city B is at
the same latitude, but a different longitude
the same latitude and same longitude
a different latitude and the same longitude
a different latitude and different longitude
Base your answers to questions on the field map, which shows average yearly snowfall in the state of Pennsylvania. The solid lines represent amounts of snowfall in inches. Point X represents a location on the map.
Which part of Pennsylvania has the greatest average yearly snowfall?
northern
southern
eastern
western
Towards what direction is Blue Creek flowing?
Hint! The arrows point to higher elevation. Water flows from high to low!
Northeast
Southwest
Northwest
Southeast
The theory that Earth’s crust is broken into large pieces that move and interact is called
evolution
mountain building
the rock cycle
plate tectonics
Geologists believe that millions of years ago all of the continents were united into a single supercontinent, called
Atlantis
Euroamerica
Pangaea
Transoceanna
The picture below shows a ringing bell inside a vacuum jar.
As air is pumped from the vacuum jar, the sound level of the ringing bell will decrease until it can no longer be heard.
This happens because air must be present in the jar in order for
sound to be transferred
the rubber to seal the jar
electricity to flow through the wires
the bell clangor to vibrate
The map below indicates the possible location of some of Earth’s continents in the past. Which evidence best supports the idea that the landmasses on Earth were once in these positions?
North America and India have matching mountain chains.
Madagascar and India have similar shapes.
Matching rock layers can be found in Africa and South America.
Bedrock in Australia and Greenland have glacier scratches.
The diagram shows a light ray.
In this diagram, the light ray is being
transmitted
absorbed
reflected
refracted
Which statement best describes the property of light waves illustrated in the diagram below?
Some materials absorb light waves.
Some materials reflect light waves.
Light waves are refracted by some materials.
Light waves are emitted by some materials.
Convection currents, which may be the driving force for the movement of lithospheric plates, are mostly found in Earth’s:
crust
outer core
plastic mantle
inner core
The picture below shows a bird landing at a bird feeder outside a window.
The image of this bird in the window is the result of light being
absorbed
transmitted
reflected
refracted
The chart shows information about Moon phases, times of sunrise and sunset, and,
climate patterns
seasonal changes
local weather conditions
global warming
The diagram below shows Earth as seen from space. Letters A through D are locations on Earth’s surface. When Earth is in this position, which location would experience the greatest number of daylight hours?
A
B
C
D
The length of a year is equivalent to the time it takes for one,
rotation of Earth
rotation of the Sun
revolution of Earth around the Sun
revolution of the Sun around the Earth
The diagram below represents Earth at one position in its rotation. Points A, B, C, and D represent locations on the surface of Earth. Which location will enter darkness next as Earth’s rotation continues?
A
B
C
D
A student drew the pictures below to show how the Moon looked from Earth over a two-week period. The differences shown in the student’s drawings are mostly due to the changing:
distance between Earth and the Moon
speed of the Moon in its orbit
position of the Moon in its orbit
position of the observer on Earth
The graph below shows tide levels for two days at an ocean location. Approximately how many hours are between the high tide on Tuesday and the first high tide on Wednesday?
6 hours
12 hours
9 hours
18 hours
The diagram below shows Earth at four locations in its orbit around the Sun. Which motion do the arrows in the diagram represent?
Earth's rotation
the Sun's rotation
Earth's revolution
the Sun's revolution
The diagram below shows Earth as viewed from
space. Which season is occurring in the Southern
Hemisphere?
summer
autumn
spring
winter
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