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- 1. Multiple Choice
The gravitational attraction between two objects in the solar system is greatest when their masses are
(1) small, and the objects are close together
(2) small, and the objects are far apart
(3) large, and the objects are far apart
(4) large, and the objects are close together
- 2. Multiple Choice
An observer in New York City measured the angle of insolation at solar noon each day. During which month did this observer see the noontime angle of insolation increase each day?
(1) April
(2) July
(3) September
(4) December
- 3. Multiple Choice
Most of the long-wave energy radiated from Earth and lost to space on a cloudless night is
(1) ultraviolet
(2) infrared
(3) visible light
(4) gamma ray
- 4. Multiple Choice
Which equation is used to determine the approximate rate of Earth’s revolution?
(1) Approximate rate of Earth’s revolution 365°/ 360 days
(2) Approximate rate of Earth’s revolution 360°/ 24 hours
(3) Approximate rate of Earth’s revolution 360° / 365 days
(4) Approximate rate of Earth’s revolution 24°/ 360 hours
- 5. Multiple Choice
On September 27, 2015, a rare total lunar eclipse of a supermoon occurred. A supermoon occurs when the entire lighted half of the Moon faces Earth (full Moon phase) and the Moon is at its closest point to Earth in its orbit. At this time, the Moon will appear 14% larger and 30% brighter than normal. Supermoon events are rare, but a total lunar eclipse during a supermoon is even more rare. There have been only six total supermoon lunar eclipses since 1900. The next one will not happen until 2033. Supermoon total lunar eclipses are celestial events that
(1) are random occurrences
(2) are predictable
(3) will never happen again after 2033
(4) will happen every full Moon
- 6. Multiple Choice
The diagram represents the Moon in four positions, A through D, in its orbit around Earth. At which position in its orbit was the Moon located during the 2015 supermoon total lunar eclipse?
A
B
C
D
- 7. Multiple Choice
The time it took for the Moon to go from this supermoon to the next full moon phase was
(1) 15 days
(2) 27.3 days
(3) 29.5 days
(4) 365 days
- 8. Multiple Choice
Which is a possible surface temperature of this star at point 2?
(1) 3000 K
(2) 5000 K
(3) 7000 K
(4) 10,000 K
- 9. Multiple Choice
Between points 1 and 3, this star is visible to observers on Earth because it emits light energy. This energy is released by the process of nuclear fusion when
(1) dust collides with the star
(2) dust is broken apart by radiation
(3) lighter elements combine to form heavier elements
(4) heavier elements are broken down to form lighter elements
- 10. Multiple Choice
Which statement best classifies this star at points 3 and 4?
Point 3 is a Giant; Point 4 is a White Dwarf
Point 3 is a White Dwarf; Point 4 is a Supergiant
Point 3 is a Supergiant; Point 4 is a Main Sequence
Point 3 is a Giant; Point 4 is a Main Sequence star
- 11. Multiple Choice
In the diagram, letters A, B, C, and D represent Earth’s location on the first day of the four seasons as it orbits the Sun. Aphelion (Earth’s farthest distance from the Sun) and perihelion (Earth’s closest distance to the Sun) are labeled to show the approximate positions where they occur in Earth’s orbit. The dashed lines represent Earth’s axis, and the North Pole is labeled N. 51 State the number of degrees that Earth’s axis is tilted from a line perpendicular to the plane of its orbit at each lettered location.
15 degrees
23.5 degrees
90 degrees
180 degrees
- 12. Multiple Choice
Identify the season in New York State during which Earth is at perihelion
summer
fall
winter
spring
- 13. Multiple Choice
State the number of hours of daylight that an observer in New York State will experience when Earth is at position D.
9 hours
12 hours
15 hours
24 hours
- 14. Multiple Choice
Identify the name of the star that is aligned with Earth’s axis above the North Pole
Optimus Prime
Sun
Betelgeuse
Polaris
- 15. Multiple Choice
At noon on which date would the observer cast the longest shadow?
A) September 23
B) June 21
C) December 21
D) March 21
- 16. Multiple Choice
Scientists infer that the Big Bang occurred approximately
(1) 4. 6 billion years ago
(2) 7 billion years ago
(3) 9 billion years ago
(4) 13.8 billion years ago
- 17. Multiple Choice
The altitude of Polaris measured by an observer at the Tropic of Cancer is
(1) 15°
(2) 23.5°
(3) 66.5°
(4) 90°
- 18. Multiple Choice
During which month does the Sun rise north of due east in New York State?
(1) February
(2) July
(3) October
(4) December
- 19. Multiple Choice
Identify the name of the planet represented in the diagram that has the most eccentric orbit.
Mars
Mercury
Jupiter
Uranus
- 20. Multiple Choice
Explain how the Moon’s rotation and revolution cause the same side of the Moon to always face Earth
The Moon is slow
The Moon rotates
The Moon revolves
The Moon's period of rotation and period of revolution are equal.
- 21. Multiple Choice
What is the dewpoint when the dry bulb temperature is 20°C and the relative humidity is 17%?
–5°C
–2°C
11°C
15°C
- 22. Multiple Choice
Approximately how many degrees does Earth travel in its orbit in one month?
1°
15°
30°
360°
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