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- 1. Multiple Choice
What will most likely be the result if all of the mitochondria are removed from a plant cell?
It will be unable to carry out respiration.
It will lose water through osmosis.
It will break down the ribosomes in the cell.
It will be unable to photosynthesize.
- 2. Multiple Choice
What process best explains how a nerve cell and a muscle cell can both develop from the same fertilized egg?
differentiation
natural selection
selective breeding
genetic engineering
- 3. Multiple Choice
During strenuous exercise, body temperature increases. The body responds to the increase in temperature by sweating, which helps to reduce the body temperature. Which is demonstrated in this situation?
excretion
metabolism
homeostasis
synthesis
- 4. Multiple Choice
Before mitosis begins, which happens before the nucleus starts dividing?
The cytoplasm separates.
The DNA replicates.
The sister chromatids separate.
The homologous chromosomes cross over.
- 5. Multiple Choice
What is the function of autotrophs in the carbon cycle?
to use oxygen to produce glucose
to take in excess water
to use carbon dioxide to produce glucose
to feed on herbivores
- 6. Multiple Choice
Two different populations of birds live in the same area and eat the same types of food. Which most likely describes the relationship between these two populations of birds?
competition
mutualism
parasitism
predator-prey
- 7. Multiple Choice
A strand of DNA has these bases: AGC CAT GTA TAC
What is the complementary DNA strand?
ACG GAT CTA TAG
TCG GTA CAT ATG
TGC CTA GAT ATC
UCG CUA CAU AUG
- 8. Multiple Choice
Which statement best describes the relationship that exists among proteins, DNA, and cells?
Proteins combine to produce cells, which produce DNA.
Proteins are made up of DNA, which determines the cells that are produced.
DNA is made up of proteins, which tell a cell how to function.
Cells contain DNA, which controls the production of proteins.
- 9. Multiple Choice
Why is meiosis important for sexual reproduction?
It allows the zygote formed from fertilization to have triple the chromosome number of the organism.
It allows gametes to have twice the original number of chromosomes of the organism.
It allows gametes to have half the original number of chromosomes of the organism.
It allows the zygote formed from fertilization to have half the original number of chromosomes of the organism.
- 10. Multiple Choice
Which process produces the most variation within a species?
asexual reproduction
sexual reproduction
mitosis
cloning
- 11. Multiple Choice
What type of organic molecules are enzymes?
carbohydrates
lipids
nucleic acids
proteins
- 12. Multiple Choice
What are the subunits of DNA and their function?
nucleotides that store information
monosaccharides that provide quick energy for the cell
lipids that store energy and provide insulation
proteins that provide the building blocks for the structural components of organisms
- 13. Multiple Choice
How does the amount of energy resulting from fermentation compare with that of aerobic respiration?
Aerobic respiration results in less energy.
Aerobic respiration results in more energy.
Each process results in equal amounts of energy.
Each process results in variable amounts of energy.
- 14. Multiple Choice
This diagram shows a plant cell. Which structure is found in a plant cell but is absent in an animal cell?
1
2
3
4
- 15. Multiple Choice
Which best explains why muscle cells are different from blood cells?
A mutation occurs during the development of muscle cells but not in blood cells.
Different genes are activated in muscle cells than in blood cells.
Muscles cells experience different environmental influences than blood cells
Muscle cells are produced by the brain, but blood cells are produced by the heart.
- 16. Multiple Choice
A freshwater plant is placed in a container of saltwater. What will most likely happen to the cells of the plant?
They will swell because water will move into them.
They will swell because salt will move into them.
They will shrink because water will move out of them.
They will shrink because salt will move out of them.
- 17. Multiple Choice
During which phase of the cell cycle is the cell growing and preparing for cellular division?
cytokinesis
anaphase
prophase
interphase
- 18. Multiple Choice
The males of a bird species do a “dance” and “sing a song” each spring. What is the main purpose of these behaviors?
to scare off young birds
to imprint young birds
to clean their feathers
to attract female birds
- 19. Multiple Choice
The yucca plant releases a strong scent at night when the yucca moth is active. The yucca moth, attracted by the scent, gathers pollen from the yucca flower. The yucca moth then deposits her eggs and the pollen on another plant. This ensures that the plant will be cross-pollinated and that the yucca moth larvae have a steady food supply. Which relationship does this best illustrate?
commensalism
mutualism
parasitism
predation
- 20. Multiple Choice
A segment of DNA has this sequence: ATA GCA CAT GTA What is the mRNA sequence transcribed from this segment?
TAT CGT GTA CAT
TAT GCT CTA GAT
UAU CGU GUA CAU
UAU GCU CUA CAU
- 21. Multiple Choice
This chart shows which amino acids are coded for by different combinations of mRNA nucleotides. Which amino acids are coded for by an mRNA segment that reads CAG GUG?
arginine and valine
isoleucine and arginine
glutamine and valine
valine and isoleucine
- 22. Multiple Choice
The inheritance of short wings in Drosophila fruit flies is an x-linked, recessive trait. Which would most likely result if a short-winged female mates with a long-winged male?
All offspring will be short-winged.
All females will be long-winged, and all males will be short-winged.
All females will be short-winged, and all males will be long-winged.
Half of the males and females will be short-winged, and half will be long-winged.
- 23. Multiple Choice
Which would most likely produce a mutation that is passed on to offspring?
radiation changing the DNA sequence in skin cells
a gamete with an extra chromosome forming
tobacco smoke altering the genes in lung cells
exposure to chemicals altering nerve cell function
- 24. Multiple Choice
A large population of cockroaches was sprayed with an insecticide. A few of the cockroaches survived and produced a population of cockroaches that was resistant to this spray. What can best be inferred from this example?
A species will adapt no matter what the environment.
The environment has no effect on the survival of an organism.
Insecticides cause mutations that are passed on to the next generation.
Individuals with favorable variations survive and reproduce.
- 25. Multiple Choice
Which type of molecule do whales use for energy storage and insulation?
DNA
glucose
lipids
starch
- 26. Multiple Choice
Which most directly controls the rate at which food is broken down to release energy?
enzymes
hormones
nucleic acids
vitamins
- 27. Multiple Choice
If energy is needed to move materials into or out of a cell, what is most likely occurring?
active transport
passive transport
osmosis
diffusion
- 28. Multiple Choice
How are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells similar?
Both contain a nucleus.
Both contain ribosomes.
Both contain membrane-bound organelles.
Both contain cell walls.
- 29. Multiple Choice
How does DNA code for proteins in a cell?
by creating a new double helix structure
by using its phosphate and sugar molecules
by adding more hydrogen bonds to its structure
by arranging certain nitrogen bases of the cell in a particular order
- 30. Multiple Choice
What is the result when a single cell reproduces by mitosis?
two cells with genetic material identical to the parent cell
two cells with half the genetic material of the parent cell
four cells with half the genetic material of the parent cell
four cells with genetic material identical to the parent cell
- 31. Multiple Choice
These diagrams represent a Euglena and a Paramecium. Which function do structures X and Y have in common?
digestion
gathering food
reproduction
movement
- 32. Multiple Choice
At night, moths travel toward light. Which type of behavior does this describe?
habituation
imprinting
innate behavior
learned behavior
- 33. Multiple Choice
A field ecologist wants to determine the interactions of various populations of organisms living in a large grassland field. Which method is best for conducting this study?
consulting with local farmers about the diversity of organisms in the field
dividing the field in half, walking over it, counting organisms, and then doubling the numbers
walking over the entire field, collecting the organisms, and then compiling a total
observing the behaviors of different types of organisms several times during the year
- 34. Multiple Choice
Which environmental factor would cause the greatest decrease in the number of species of plants and animals living in some of the lakes in the United States?
increase in dissolved oxygen levels
global warming
ozone destruction
acid rain
- 35. Multiple Choice
How would overexposure to X-rays affect most animal cells?
It would increase cell specialization in organs.
It would change the sequence of DNA nucleotides in affected cells.
It would produce new nucleotides for DNA molecules.
It would cause an increase in red blood cell production.
- 36. Multiple Choice
How are sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction different?
Sexual reproduction produces offspring identical to the parents, but asexual reproduction produces offspring with traits from both parents.
Asexual reproduction produces offspring identical to the parents, but sexual reproduction produces offspring with traits from both parents.
Sexual reproduction only occurs in multicellular organisms, but asexual reproduction only occurs in unicellular organisms.
Asexual reproduction only occurs in multicellular organisms, but sexual reproduction only occurs in unicellular organisms.
- 37. Multiple Choice
Which characteristic is present in offspring produced by sexual reproduction, but is missing in offspring produced by asexual reproduction?
an identical copy of parent chromosomes
twice the number of parent chromosomes
only half the number of parent chromosomes
an independent assortment of parent chromosomes
- 38. Multiple Choice
Two people believe they are related. Which would be the best technique to determine if they are related?
testing blood types
comparing DNA
examining karyotypes
testing for genetic disorders
- 39. Multiple Choice
Which will most likely cause variations to occur within a species?
competition
mutation
mutualism
predation
- 40. Multiple Choice
Which factor most affects the order of amino acids in a protein?
the DNA located in the nucleus of the cell
the cell in which the protein is located
the amount of ATP available for the cell’s use
the area in a cell where proteins are produced
- 41. Multiple Choice
Which statement best compares aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
Less ATP is generated during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration.
More water is generated during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration.
More oxygen is generated during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration.
Less lactic acid is generated during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration.
- 42. Multiple Choice
Which would be the best evidence that a cell is using active transport to move a substance across its cell membrane?
Substances are moving rapidly across the cell membrane.
ATP is being rapidly consumed near the cellular membrane.
Substances are moving from high to low concentrations.
Substances are moving through channels in the cell membrane.
- 43. Multiple Choice
Which kingdom contains organisms with that do not have nuclei or membrane bound organelles within their cells?
Fungus
Monera
Prokaryota
Plante
- 44. Multiple Choice
Which kingdom contains mostly multicellular eukaryotic producers?
Fungus
Monera
Anamalia
Plantae
- 45. Multiple Choice
Which kingdom contains mostly multicellular eukaryotic decomposers?
Monera
Fungi
Plantae
Anamalia
- 46. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is is NOT a characteristic of arthropods?
Open circulatory system
Endoskeleton
Jointed Appendages
Body Segmentation
- 47. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is NOT a member of the Kingdom Protozoa?
Amoeba
Paramecium
Yeast
Algae
- 48. Multiple Choice
Which option correctly describes the vascular tissue of plants?
Phloem carries water and is living tissue
Xylem carries water and dissolved minerals up from the roots and is living tissue
Xylem carries water and dissolved minerals up from the roots and is made of non-living tissue
Phloem carried food produced in the leaves and is made of dead cells
- 49. Multiple Choice
Considering the pars of a flower......
The stamen is the male part of the flower and and contains ovaries
The pistil is the male part of the flower and contains the pollen
The pistil is the female part of the flower and produces sperm cells.
The stamen is the male part of the flower and includes the anther where pollen is produced.
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