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- 1. Multiple Choice
The difference in the physical traits of an individual from those of other individuals in a group is called a(n)changeadaptionspeciesvariation - 2. Multiple ChoiceWhy are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.Because they come from dominant alleles.Because they come from recessive alleles.Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
- 3. Multiple ChoiceThe ability of an organism to survive and reproduce is known as...AdaptationTraitFitnessVariation
- 4. Multiple ChoiceAny variation that can help a species survive in a given environment is called...an adapatationa characteristica homologous structurea vestigial structure
- 5. Multiple ChoiceWhich organisms are most likely to survive?the best adaptedthe fastestthe strongestthe most domesticated (tamed)
- 6. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following means "genetic change over time"natural selectionspeciationevolutionfitness
- 7. Multiple ChoiceOnly populations can evolve.
Individuals can not evolve.TrueFalse - 8. Multiple ChoiceThese moths are all the same species. The differences between their wings is an example of ________________Natural SelectionVariationHomeostasisExtinction
- 9. Multiple ChoiceWhich is not an example of an adaptation?A bird's beak allows it to crack open hard nuts.A zebra's stripes allow it to confuse its predators.A frog's large hind legs allow it to jump from danger.A cat sleeps on the sofa to avoid the vacuum cleaner.
- 10. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is a term for a group of similar organisms that can reproduce fertile offspring?individualpopulationspeciesfossil
- 11. Multiple ChoiceEvolution means...Change over time in a population.That everything is the same.That organisms never change.Negative traits are acquired in populations.
- 12. Multiple ChoiceThe theory of evolution by natural selection means that what is changing over time?The inherited traits of a population.The acquired traits of a population.Hair color and eye colorAttractive features.
- 13. Multiple Choice
According to the theory of natural selection, some individuals are more likely than others to survive and reproduce because they:
pass on to their offspring their newly acquired traits.
are better adapted to their environment than others and will pass on those adaptations to future offspring.
do not pass on newly acquired traits.
produce fewer offspring than others in the same environment.
- 14. Multiple Choice
Darwin observed 13 species of finches on the Galapagos Islands. What did Darwin conclude about the finches?
They evolved from a common ancestor.
They all came from different continents.
they evolved from 13 different types of birds.
they developed from other types of organisms.
- 15. Multiple Choice
Which of the following correctly lists the four essential parts of natural selection?
selection; underproduction of offspring; homeostatsis; fossil records
underproduction of offspring; genetic variation; extinction; adaptation
adaptation; inconsistency; sexual reproduction; energy use
overproduction of offspring; genetic variation; struggle to survive; successful reproduction
- 16. Multiple ChoiceIndividual members of a species could have differences in inherited characteristics that affect which of the following?Ability to find food.Ability to avoid predatorsAbility to find a mate.All of the above.
- 17. Multiple ChoiceAccording to the theory of natural selection, what would happen to a species of lizards when a new predator is introduced into the environment where the lizards live?All of the lizards would try to develop new traits to avoid the new predator.Some of the lizards would try to develop new traits to avoid the new predator, and the other lizards would die.The lizards that already have the traits needed to avoid the new predator would be more likely to survive and reproduce, and the ones that do not would be less likely to survive and reproduce.Because all lizards of the same species have the same traits, one lizard would not have an advantage over another lizard. They would either all survive or all die.
- 18. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is NOT part of the process of natural selection?
Members of the same species compete with one another for resources.
Variation exists among individuals in a species
A sudden environmental change.
Traits are inherited from one generation to the next.
- 19. Multiple ChoiceSome variation must be present in a population in order for natural selection to take place. These variations arise from mutations in the DNA and:sorting of chromosomes during sexual reproductioncombining of chromosomes during organ developmentremoval of chromosomes during selective breedingchanging of chromosomes during cloning
- 20. Multiple ChoiceThe diagram below represents the same field of mice hunted by a hawk over a period of three months. The overall changes in the population of mice can be explained best by:reproductionnatural selectionmouse extinctionsuccession
- 21. Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements best describes a "selective pressure?"
An external factor which affects an organism’s ability to survive in a given environment
The organisms DNA which affect the organism’s ability to survive in a given environment
The distance a bird can fly and how this affects it’s ability to survive in a given environment
An adaptation that affects an organisms ability to survive in a given environment
- 22. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is NOT an example of a selective pressure?
predators
availability of resources
disease
size and strength
- 23. Multiple Choice
Based on the picture and what you know about natural selection, which mice are most likely to increase in number in this environment?
brown mice
grey mice
not enough information
they will both increase the same amount
- 24. Multiple Choice
Based on the picture and what you know about natural selection, what is the "selective pressure" in this image?
predatory birds
grey mice
brown mice
availability of food
- 25. Multiple ChoiceVariation happens as a result of the exchange of genetic information as it is passed fromparent to offspring.Which of the following is true about inherited variation?Variation can influence the resources that are available to an organism.Variation can influence whether organisms are more likely to survive to reproduce.Variation can influence the amount of rainfall in an ecosystemVariation can influence the amount of available food in an ecosystem
- 26. Multiple Choice
A group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring.
Fossils
Species
Descendants
Evolution
- 27. Multiple Choice
The process by which two populations of the same species become so different that they can no longer interbreed.
natural selection
artificial selection
speciation
fossilization
- 28. Multiple ChoiceFormation of new species.
Speciation TraitFossil recordAncestor - 29. Multiple ChoiceWhy is the mouse population changing over time?The light mice can reproduce more successfully than the dark miceThe hawks eat more dark mice than light mice because the dark mice taste betterThe hawks eat more light mice than dark mice because they can see the light mice more easilyThe hawks eat more dark mice than light mice because they can see the dark mice more easily
- 30. Multiple Choice
What statement is true regarding why natural selection can be easily seen in insects and bacteria?
Natural selection only occurs in prokaryotic cells
Insects and bacteria can reproduce faster than more complex organisms and pass on selected traits quicker
Insects were the first multi-cellular organism to live on land
Bacteria have directly evolved from insect traits.
- 31. Multiple ChoiceSome mammals such as Moose, Deer, and Water Buffalos have defensive adaptations such as horns or antlers to fight predators. Males also use them to fight other males during mating season.
Select the choice that correctly describes the adaptations described in the narrative above.The antlers and horns are structural adaptations, and the fighting is a behavioral adaptation.These mammals are carnivores that use their antlers to attack and kill their prey.Antlers are examples of behavioral adaptations used by Moose and DeerDeer and Moose antlers are structural adaptations, but horns are not. - 32. Multiple ChoiceThe graph above shows the variation in the deer population in the Kaibab Plateau from 1905 to 1939. Between 1907 and 1923, the natural predators of deer were eliminated from the area by hunters. What was the most likely reason for the decline in the deer population after 1924?The deer stopped competing for resources because they had no predators.The increased number of deer led to increased competition for resources.A large number of deer left the region in search of new predators.The removal of predators caused fewer resources to be available to the deer.
- 33. Multiple ChoiceWhich best describes the role of mutations in natural selection?Mutations help an organism to better survive in their environmentAn organism may acquire a helpful mutation by interacting with the environmentA mutation may result in an adaptive trait that makes an organism more likely to survive and reproduceOrganisms with certain traits are more likely to win competitions for mutations
- 34. Multiple Choice
Why is competition important for natural selection?
It shows which variations are more successful, allowing the organisms with those variations to survive.
It causes organisms, regardless of which traits they have, to die out, reducing the population size.
It causes organisms to get stronger due to having to outcompete other species.
Competition is not important for natural selection.
- 35. Multiple Choice
The theory of evolution by natural selection means that what is changing over time?
The inherited traits of a population.
The acquired traits of a population.
Hair color and eye color
Attractive features.
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