Southerner who built a cotton mill modeled on the Lowell mills

This was a simple but effective machine that enabled each worker to do the work of 50 people cleaning cotton by hand.

Planters soon found out that this wore out if planted with cotton year after year.

As the Cotton Kingdom spread so did

The South lagged behind the North in this because planters invested in land and slaves rather than in factories.

With little industry the South depended on the North and Europe for goods such as furniture, machines, and farm tools.

This was the name for wealthy families of planters who made their money from cotton.

A collection of laws that prevented slaves from running away or rebelling were called Jim Crow Laws.

Even though industrialists were few in number their views and way of life dominated the South.

Most southern whites were small farmers who owned their land and a small number of slaves.

A planter was considered anyone who owned at least ten slaves.

In some southern states free African Americans had to either move out of the state or risk being enslaved.

Hard work helped many African Americans cope with slavery.

Slave codes made it a crime for slaves to learn how to read and write.

Nat Turner a free African American planned a revolt in 1822 but he was arrested before it began.

Southern states led the country in livestock production.

The demand for manufactured goods in the South was not as great as it was in the north because slaves could not purchase goods.

Industry in the South primarily consisted of

Nat Turner's revolt, which killed 57 whites, caused southerners to

Enslaved African Americans made up more than 30% of the population in the South in 1860.