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- 1. Multiple Choice
A student drew atomic models of four elements. Based on these drawings, which element is the least reactive?
Neon, because it has two energy levels with eight electrons in the second level
Chlorine, because it has three energy levels with seven electrons in the third level
Gallium, because it has four energy levels with three electrons in the fourth level
Tin, because it has five energy levels with four electrons in the fifth level
- 2. Multiple Choice
How many valence electrons are in an atom of each element in Group 17 in the periodic table?
7
6
17
9
- 3. Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes an electron?
It has no charge and about the same mass as a proton.
It has a negative charge and much less mass than a proton.
It has a positive charge and much more mass than a neutron.
It has a negative charge and about the same mass as a neutron.
- 4. Multiple Choice
A researcher wants to experiment with an element that reacts like phosphorus (P) but has a greater atomic mass. Which element should the researcher select for the experiment?
Nitrogen (N)
Sulfur (S)
Arsenic (As)
Silicon (Si)
- 5. Multiple Choice
A model of an atom is shown below. An atom of which element is represented by this model?
Boron (B)
Carbon (C)
Neon (Ne)
Sodium (Na)
- 6. Multiple Choice
When trying to identify an unknown element, a scientist determines what other elements the unknown element reacts with chemically. Which property of the unknown element determines the other elements it reacts with?
The total number of neutrons in the unknown element
The total number of particles in the nucleus of the unknown element
The number of protons in the nucleus of the unknown element
The number of valence electrons in the unknown element
- 7. Multiple Choice
A student is asked to identify an element that is a pale-yellow brittle solid and does not conduct electricity. At which location in this periodic table would the element most likely be found?
1
2
3
4
- 8. Multiple Choice
An atom has 25 protons, 30 neutrons, and 25 electrons. What is the charge of the atom’s nucleus?
+25
+30
−25
−30
- 9. Multiple Choice
What is the mass number of a potassium (K) atom that has 20 neutrons?
18
19
20
39
- 10. Multiple Choice
A student is studying calcium, a highly reactive element that humans need for strong bones. Which characteristic of calcium is most closely related to its chemical reactivity?
The 20 protons in each atom of calcium
The density of calcium, which is 1.54 g/cm3
The atomic mass of calcium, which is 40.078 amu
The 2 valence electrons in each atom of calcium
- 11. Multiple Choice
A student is studying the ways different elements are similar to one another. Diagrams of atoms from four different elements are shown below. Which two atoms are of elements in the same group in the periodic table?
Atom 1 and Atom 2
Atom 1 and Atom 4
Atom 2 and Atom 3
Atom 3 and Atom 4
- 12. Multiple Choice
An atom of which element is described by the data in the table?
Radon (Rn)
Cadmium (Cd)
Rubidium (Rb)
Astatine (At)
- 13. Multiple Choice
In the early 1900s many scientists thought that an atom consisted of a positive substance with negative charges scattered throughout the substance. Then Ernest Rutherford completed an experiment that changed the concept of an atom. His discovery led to the understanding that an atom consists mostly of empty space with —
protons orbiting a dense nucleus made of electrons and neutrons
electrons orbiting a dense nucleus made of protons and neutrons
neutrons and protons orbiting a cloud of electrons
electrons and protons orbiting a cloud of neutrons
- 14. Multiple Choice
The atoms of a certain element each contain 11 protons and 1 valence electron. Which statement correctly identifies this element and describes its chemical reactivity?
The element is sodium, and it is highly reactive.
The element is fluorine, and it is not very reactive.
The element is sodium, and it is not very reactive.
The element is fluorine, and it is highly reactive.
- 15. Multiple Choice
An atom of a certain element has 36 protons, 36 electrons, and a mass number of 84. At room temperature this element is a very stable gas. How many neutrons are in this atom?
48
120
36
84
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