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- 1. Multiple Choice
Basic unit of the nervous system; another name for nerve cell.
brain stem
axon
dendrite
neuron
- 2. Multiple Choice
Nerves that branch out from the spinal cord and connect to rest of body.
Central Nerves
Peripheral Nerves
Cerebellum
Synapse
- 3. Multiple Choice
What are the two main parts of the central nervous system?
brain and spinal cord
patella and phalanges
heart and lungs
stomach and pancreas
- 4. Multiple Choice
When you touch something hot, what is the path of the message?
brain, nerve, spinal cord
nerve, spinal cord, brain
spinal cord, nerve, brain
brain, spinal cord, nerve
- 5. Multiple Choice
As organisms get more complex, cells become specialized to perform specific functions in the body. What is the function for the cell shown?
contract and shorten movement
provide coverage and protection
carry impulses around the body
connects parts together
- 6. Multiple Choice
Small space between neurons
dendrite
axon
synapse
cerebrum
- 7. Multiple Choice
Part of neuron; carries messages away from the cell body.
neuron
cell body
dendrite
axon
- 8. Multiple ChoiceA chemical produced by neurons that carries messages to other neuronsmyelin sheathneurotransmitteraxonaxon terminal
- 9. Multiple ChoiceWhat number(s) on the graph represents the Resting Potential?1 and 21 and 52 and 33 and 4
- 10. Multiple ChoiceWhen a neuron is depolarized, what are the first channels to open?SodiumPotassiumCalciumACTH
- 11. Multiple ChoiceWhat number on the graph represents the Depolarization phase?1234
- 12. Multiple ChoiceWhat number on the graph represents the Hyperpolarization phase?1234
- 13. Multiple ChoiceThe sodium-potassium pump....Sends (Na+) into the cellSends (K+) into the cellExchanges (K+) & (Na+) during depolarizationExchanges (K+) & (Na+) during hyperpolarization
- 14. Multiple ChoiceWhy is -55 mV a significant number?This is the largest charge achieved during an action potentialThis is the threshold required to complete an action potentialThis is the resting charge of a neuronThis is the charge when all the sodium is inside the cell
- 15. Multiple ChoiceThe resting potential of a neuron membrane is-70mV70mV70V40mV
- 16. Multiple ChoiceIn resting potential, neurons have more _________ on the outside of the cell membrane.K+NaClNa+ClNa+NaClCl-
- 17. Multiple ChoiceWhich part of the nerve cell receives nerve impulses from other cells?cell bodyaxondendriteaxon terminal
- 18. Multiple ChoiceNeurons are cells of the nervous system that receive and transmit signals. Which part of a neuron receives incoming messages from other cells and carry information to the cell body?axondendritesneurotransmittersnucleus
- 19. Multiple ChoiceNeurons are cells of the nervous system that receive and transmit signals. Which part of a neuron transmits signals from the cell body to other cells?axondendritesneurotransmittersnucleus
- 20. Multiple ChoiceNeurons are cells of the nervous system that receive and transmit signals. Which part of a neuron contains the nucleus and other organelles?axondendritesneurotransmitterscell body
- 21. Multiple ChoiceWhich type of neuron receives signals/stimuli from the eyes, ears, nose, skin, or tongue and transmits this information to other neurons?sensorymotorinterneuronrelay neuron
- 22. Multiple ChoiceWhich type of neuron signals digestive glands to release enzymes, muscles to contract, or causes other actions in the body?sensorymotorinterneuronrelay neuron
- 23. Multiple ChoiceWhich type of neuron is present in the spinal cord or brain and receives sensory neuron signals or communicates signals to motor neurons?sensorymotorinterneuroneffector neurons
- 24. Multiple ChoiceLabel the Neuron-What does the letter "C" represent?Cell BodyDendriteAxon TerminalMyelin Sheath
- 25. Multiple ChoiceLabel the Neuron-What does the letter "D" represent?DendriteAxonMyelin SheathNode of Ranvier
- 26. Multiple ChoiceLabel the Neuron-What does the letter "E" represent?Schwann CellNode of RanvierAxon TerminalMyelin Sheath
- 27. Multiple ChoiceLabel the Neuron-What does the letter "A" represent?Schwann CellDendriteAxonMyelin Sheath
- 28. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is NOT true of a reflex arc?It is automatic/involuntaryIt requires processing by the brain for a reaction to occurIt gives humans a selective advantage when reacting quickly to dangerous situationsAn example is the knee-jerk reflex
- 29. Multiple ChoiceWhich term refers to the difference in electrical charges on either side of a cell membrane?membrane potentialelectricitysignal transductionnegativity
- 30. Multiple ChoiceWhich two ions are involved in the conduction of nerve impulses?calcium and potassiumsodium and potassiumcalcium and phosphatemagnesium and sulfate
- 31. Multiple ChoiceHow do cells maintain their membrane potential?By using sodium-potassium pumps to actively (with ATP) transport ionsBy using sodium-potassium pumps to passively (without ATP) transport ionssimple diffusionosmosis
- 32. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following does NOT correctly describe a resting neuron?Positive extracellular environment with higher concentrations of sodiumNegative intracellular environment with higher concentrations of potassiumnegative extracellular environment with higher concentrations of sodiumall of the answers correctly describe a resting neuron
- 33. Multiple Choice
Name the structure labeled 'B' (see image)
Post synaptic terminal
Receptor
Ligand
Neurotransmitter
- 34. Multiple Choice
The structure labeled 'E' is called _____ and is filled with ______
Vacuole; lipids
Synapse; neurotransmitters
Membrane; lipids
Vesicle; neurotransmitters
- 35. Multiple Choice
Sensory neurons are also called ____________ neurons
Afferent
Efferent
- 36. Multiple Choice
Motor neurons send information _______
to the brain for processing
away from the brain to muscles
- 37. Multiple Choice
Any signal molecule that binds to a receptor is called a _______.
Neurotransmitter
Ligand
Receptor
Acetylcholine
- 38. Multiple Choice
Which part of a neuron RECEIVES a signal?
Dendrites
Axon Terminals
- 39. Multiple Choice
During an action potential, what occurs during 'A' (see graph)?
Sodium rushes into the cell
Potassium rushes out of the cell
The sodium potassium pump carefully resets the original internal and external charges
Failure to reach threshold - no action potential
- 40. Multiple Choice
During an action potential, what occurs during 'B' (see graph)?
Sodium rushes into the cell
Potassium rushes out of the cell
The sodium potassium pump carefully resets the original internal and external charges
Failure to reach threshold - no action potential
- 41. Multiple Choice
During an action potential, what occurs during 'C' (see graph)?
Sodium rushes into the cell
Potassium rushes out of the cell
The sodium potassium pump carefully resets the original internal and external charges
Failure to reach threshold - no action potential
- 42. Multiple Choice
During an action potential, what are sections A, B, and C (in that order) called?
Depolarization, Repolarization, Hyperpolarization
Repolarization, Depolarization, Hyperpolarization
Hyperpolarization, Depolarization, Repolarization
- 43. Multiple Choice
What's significant about -55 mV?
Charge has to make it higher than -55mV in order for the action potential to occur
-55mV determines when potassium (K+) leaves the cell
-55mV determines when the sodium potassium pump begins to reset ions
- 44. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is true about cells at resting potential?
There is a higher concentration of sodium inside of the cell
They have a resting potential of -30mV relative to the outside of the cell
There is a higher concentration of potassium outside of the cell
A sodium-potassium pump keeps the membrane polarized
- 45. Multiple ChoiceWhich term refers to the difference in electrical charges on either side of a cell membrane?membrane potentialelectricitysignal transductionnegativity
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