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- 1. Multiple Choice
What was the primary reason for the creation of both the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan?
(1) to reward the Chinese for their role in the Allied victory over Japan
(2) the fear of Soviet communist expansion throughout Europe
(3) the need to support colonial independence movements in the developing world
(4) the protection of vital United States interests in Middle East oil fields
- 2. Multiple Choice
The United States responded to the Berlin blockade in 1948 by
(1) boycotting German-made imports
(2) building the Berlin Wall
(3) stopping all traffic leaving Berlin
(4) airlifting food and supplies into Berlin
- 3. Multiple Choice
A major significance of the Korean War (1950– 1953) is that for the first time
(1) an atomic bomb was used in warfare
(2) Asian and United States troops fought against each other
(3) the United Nations used military force to oppose aggression
(4) the Soviet Union and the United States supported the same side
- 4. Multiple Choice
These newspaper headlines from the decade following World War II are all connected to the
(1) war crimes trials in Japan
(2) passage of civil rights legislation in the United States
(3) fear of communism in the United States
(4) debate over economic aid to Europe
- 5. Multiple Choice
In 1962, President John F. Kennedy responded to the discovery of nuclear missiles in Cuba by
(1) ordering a naval quarantine of Cuba
(2) capturing strategic locations in Cuba
(3) threatening to invade the Soviet Union
(4) prohibiting travel to the southeastern United States
- 6. Multiple Choice
Which action was an attempt to close the “gap” referred to in the cartoon?
(1) signing the Yalta Agreement
(2) passing the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
(3) proposing the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI)
(4) agreeing to the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT)
- 7. Multiple Choice
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the Warsaw Pact are examples of
(1) dollar diplomacy
(2) Lend-Lease
(3) mutual defense
(4) Manifest Destiny
- 8. Multiple Choice
Belief in the domino theory by presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, and Lyndon B. Johnson directly influenced their decisions to
(1) reject the policy of collective security
(2) support a return to neutrality
(3) end the Berlin airlift
(4) increase United States military involvement in Vietnam
- 9. Multiple Choice
A main goal of President Richard Nixon’s policy of détente was to
(1) sponsor free elections in North Korea
(2) negotiate an end to the Arab-Israeli conflict
(3) end diplomatic relations with China
(4) reduce tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union
- 10. Multiple Choice
The tactics illustrated in the cartoon were most closely associated with
(1) isolationists supporting neutrality policies during the 1930s
(2) government leaders investigating communist activities after World War II
(3) increased federal spending for education during the 1960s
(4) Congress promoting increased security after the September 11, 2001 attacks
- 11. Multiple Choice
Which Soviet Union action led to the situation shown in this cartoon?
(1) blockade of Berlin
(2) creation of the Warsaw Pact
(3) reunification of Germany
(4) construction of the Berlin Wall
- 12. Multiple Choice
The terms brinkmanship, peaceful coexistence, and détente are most closely associated with
(1) periodic border disputes between Canada and the United States
(2) problems the United States experienced with Germany prior to its reunification
(3) techniques used by terrorists to intimidate United States citizens
(4) Cold War relations between the United States and the Soviet Union
- 13. Multiple Choice
Which United States foreign policy action best illustrates the concept of containment?
(1) adopting the Truman Doctrine in 1947
(2) ratifying the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty in 1963
(3) returning control of the Panama Canal to Panama in 1978
(4) granting diplomatic recognition to the People’s Republic of China in 1979
- 14. Multiple Choice
McCarthyism of the early 1950s resulted in
(1) the end of the arms race
(2) reduced spending on national defense
(3) increased discrimination against returning veterans
(4) damage to the reputations of many innocent people
- 15. Multiple Choice
During the 1950s, United States foreign policy was shaped by
(1) the principle of nonalignment
(2) a return to pre–World War II isolationism
(3) a willingness to compromise with communist nations
(4) the emergence of two world superpowers
- 16. Multiple Choice
The formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) were attempts by the United States and other nations to
(1) create mutual defense pacts
(2) increase tariff rates between members
(3) decrease the number of nuclear weapons
(4) provide economic aid to poor nations
- 17. Multiple Choice
In 1958, the United States government increased spending on science education and research in reaction to the
(1) creation of the Warsaw Pact
(2) launching of Sputnik
(3) installation of Soviet missiles in Cuba
(4) U-2 incident
- 18. Multiple Choice
President John F. Kennedy and President Ronald Reagan both visited the Berlin Wall in order to
(1) assess the military strength of the Soviet Union
(2) prepare for an invasion of the Soviet Union
(3) demonstrate the commitment of the United States to maintain freedom in Western Europe
(4) challenge the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) nations that were supported by the Soviet Union
- 19. Multiple Choice
As a result of the situation shown on the map, the foreign policy of the United States during the administration of President Harry Truman was dominated by the belief that
(1) communist expansion in Europe should be contained
(2) cooperation with the Soviet Union should be increased
(3) satellite nations of the Soviet Union should not be recognized as legal states
(4) economic aid was not likely to help nations in Western Europe
- 20. Multiple Choice
What was the purpose of the Berlin airlift?
(1) supplying West Berlin with necessities during the Soviet blockade
(2) helping defeat the German military
(3) assisting people trying to escape from East Berlin
(4) forcing the Soviet Union to end its occupation of East Germany
- 21. Multiple Choice
What was a major result of the Cuban missile crisis of 1962?
(1) Fidel Castro was removed from power.
(2) Steps were taken to relax Cold War tensions.
(3) United Nations forces invaded Cuba.
(4) Trade between Cuba and the United States increased.
- 22. Multiple Choice
Which statement about the Vietnam War is an opinion?
(1) President Lyndon B. Johnson’s escalation of the war was a mistake.
(2) United States forces withdrew from Vietnam during the presidency of Gerald Ford.
(3) Disagreement over the war divided the American public.
(4) The Vietnam War had been the longest military conflict in United States history.
- 23. Multiple Choice
The SALT I and SALT II agreements of the 1970s tried to improve Cold War relations between the United States and the Soviet Union by
(1) encouraging space exploration
(2) increasing cultural exchanges
(3) lowering barriers to trade
(4) limiting nuclear weapons
- 24. Multiple Choice
These headlines best illustrate the United States commitment to a policy of
(1) détente
(2) containment
(3) isolationism
(4) imperialism
- 25. Multiple Choice
The 1957 launch of Sputnik by the Soviet Union embarrassed the United States because it
(1) allowed the Soviets to place missiles in Turkey
(2) revealed that the Soviets had nuclear weapons
(3) appeared that the United States had failed to keep up in scientific achievement
(4) confirmed the United States use of U-2 spy planes
- 26. Multiple Choice
The shelter pictured in this handbook was designed to help Americans survive
(1) global climate changes
(2) pandemic diseases
(3) natural disasters
(4) nuclear war
- 27. Multiple Choice
The announcement of the Truman Doctrine, the Berlin airlift, and the formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) were actions taken by the United States to prevent the
(1) renewal of Nazi fascism in Germany, Italy, and Spain
(2) expansion of communism into Western Europe
(3) starvation of refugees from Eastern Europe
(4) start of an arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union
- 28. Multiple Choice
The crisis highlighted in these newspaper headlines was the
(1) invasion of the Bay of Pigs in Cuba
(2) election of Fidel Castro as president of Cuba
(3) opposition of Cuba to the Alliance for Progress
(4) placement of nuclear missiles in Cuba by the Soviet Union
- 29. Multiple Choice
The terms containment, domino theory, and massive retaliation are most closely associated with United States foreign policy efforts to
(1) maintain neutrality during World War I (1914–1917)
(2) avoid conflict with Germany and Japan in the 1930s
(3) wage the Cold War in the 1950s
(4) increase trade with Latin America in the 1970s
- 30. Multiple Choice
What was a direct result of the Bay of Pigs invasion in 1961?
(1) Fidel Castro was removed from power.
(2) Cold War tensions increased.
(3) The United States announced its Good Neighbor policy.
(4) The communist government in Nicaragua was overthrown.
- 31. Multiple Choice
Which statement most accurately explains the relationship between the events described in these newspaper headlines?
(1) The launch of Sputnik prompted the United States to expand its space program.
(2) Space exploration ended competition between the United States and the Soviet Union.
(3) Congress reduced military spending to fund space exploration.
(4) The United States and the Soviet Union began sharing space technology.
- 32. Multiple Choice
Both the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty of 1963 and the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT) of 1972 were attempts to
(1) settle boundary disputes in Europe
(2) promote the peaceful use of atomic energy
(3) ease Cold War tensions
(4) share military technologies with developing nations
- 33. Multiple Choice
Which conclusion is supported by the information provided on this map?
(1) The United Nations could have won the war by sending its troops across the Yalu River.
(2) South Korea was never in danger of being defeated by North Korea.
(3) The war did little to alter the territorial division of Korea.
(4) China refused to aid North Korea.
- 34. Multiple Choice
The perceived threat of communist influence in the United States during the 1950s prompted Congress to
(1) ban foreign students
(2) repeal loyalty oaths
(3) deport citizens who were communists
(4) investigate suspected communist sympathizers
- 35. Multiple Choice
The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (1964) provided congressional support for
(1) withdrawing from the United Nations
(2) expanding the Alliance for Progress
(3) escalating military action in Vietnam
(4) reestablishing trade with Cuba
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