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- 1. Multiple Choice
What describes the conversion of ADP to ATP?
an input of energy to attach a third phosphate group
an input of energy as both phosphate groups detach
release of energy as one phosphate group detaches
a release of energy as a third phosphate group is attached
- 2. Multiple Choice
Stuart is listing the changes to matter and energy that occur during the process of photosynthesis. Which of these examples should he include in his list?
changes that convert light energy into chemical energy stored in carbohydrates
changes that convert chemical energy into heat and light
nuclear changes that convert hydrogen and oxygen into carbon
chemical changes that convert carbohydrates into smaller molecules.
- 3. Multiple Choice
Nancy is explaining why chlorophyll is classified as a plant pigment and how it is useful in photosynthesis. Which property of chlorophyll would be most appropriate for her to cite?
chlorophyll’s reactivity with oxygen
chlorophyll’s ability to absorb light
chlorophyll’s green color
chlorophyll’s presence in chloroplasts
- 4. Multiple Choice
Yasmine is asked to describe the structural organization of chloroplasts. She writes the following sentence: “A chloroplast contains thylakoid stacks, called stroma, that are surrounded by fluid-filled grana.” Which change to the sentence is necessary to make the sentence accurate?
Exchange the positions of “stroma” and “grana.”
Exchange the positions of “thylakoid” and “stroma.”
Replace “grana” with “chlorophyll.”
Replace “stroma” with “chlorophyll.”
- 5. Multiple Choice
Xavier is describing the role of electron carriers, such as NADP+, in photosynthesis. Which property of NADP+ should Xavier cite?
its reactivity with oxygen, water, and carbon dioxide
its ability to emit a stream of electrons in a nuclear reaction
the chemical bonds formed by electrons in its molecular structure
its ability to accept and release high-energy electrons and a hydrogen ion
- 6. Multiple Choice
What best describes the role of light in the overall process of photosynthesis?
Light provides the energy for breaking apart sugars into small molecules.
Light accepts the energy that is released by small molecules.
Light accepts the energy that is released by sugars.
Light provides the energy for assembling small molecules into sugars.
- 7. Multiple Choice
By analyzing this equation, which property of photosynthesis can be identified?
the identities and roles of electron carriers
the chemical changes that occur during the light-independent reactions
the chemical changes that occur during the light-dependent reactions
the source of carbon atoms in the carbohydrate product
- 8. Multiple Choice
1. During photosynthesis, what best describes the role of the compound with the chemical formula C6H12O6?
a reactant that is useful because of its high-energy chemical bonds
a product that is not useful because of its low-energy chemical bonds
a product that is useful because of its high-energy chemical bonds
either a product or a reactant, depending on whether the cell needs to store energy or release energy
- 9. Multiple Choice
What best describes the roles of photosystem I and photosystem II in the process of photosynthesis?
They absorb sunlight and transfer the energy to electrons.
They form ATP as hydrogen ions cross the thylakoid membrane.
They absorb sunlight and distribute the energy as heat.
They transfer electrons from a series of intermediates to form NADPH.
- 10. Multiple Choice
Which is the role of the electron transport chain in the process of photosynthesis?
adding energy to the electrons that enter photosystem
carrying electrons from photosystem II, to photosystem I, to NADP+
removing electrons from the chloroplast
cycling electrons between photosystem I and photosystem II
- 11. Multiple Choice
During the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, which event must occur for ATP synthase to function properly?
Molecular oxygen must combine with ATP synthase.
A molecule of ATP must release a phosphate group to become ADP
Photosystem I and photosystem II must be deactivated.
Hydrogen ions must pass through a channel within ATP synthase.
- 12. Multiple Choice
Daniel is developing a model of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, also known as the Calvin cycle. How should the model show how carbon compounds enter and exit the cycle?
enter as glucose, exit as 3-carbon molecules
enter as elemental carbon, exit as 6-carbon molecules
enter as glucose, exit as carbon dioxide
enter as carbon dioxide, exit as 3-carbon molecules
- 13. Multiple Choice
In a key or legend for the model, how should William describe the roles of NADPH and ATP in the light-independent reactions?
providing the oxygen for sugar molecules
providing the carbon for sugar molecules
absorbing the energy of light and transferring it to electrons
supplying the energy necessary to assemble sugar molecules
- 14. Multiple Choice
To revise the model, William wants to use color to identify the reactants of photosynthesis. Which labels should he color?
H2O and CO2
H2O, O2, and CO2
H2O and O2
O2 and CO2
- 15. Multiple Choice
The model includes a wavy arrow to show light striking the thylakoids. Which label for the wavy arrow would be MOST USEFUL for communicating the role of light in photosynthesis?
Light energy is cycled within the thylakoid.
The chloroplast reflects the green wavelengths of light.
Light is the energy source for converting ADP to ATP, and NADP+ to NADPH.
Light is radiated from the chloroplast during the light-independent reactions.
- 16. Multiple Choice
In the diagram, an arrow leads from the splitting of water, to the two photosystems, and then to NADP+. What process is represented by this arrow?
the movement of electrons along the electron transport chain
the movement of electrons along the electron transport chain
the conversion of electrons into sunlight
the formation of high-energy sugars the cycling of light energy within the photosystems
- 17. Multiple Choice
The concentration of hydrogen ions is greater inside the thylakoid than outside. Which reaction releases hydrogen ions inside the thylakoid?
the formation of water molecules
the break-up of NADPH
the formation of NADPH
the break-up of water molecules
- 18. Multiple Choice
Fill in the blanks: The role of water molecules is to produce ____________________ and hydrogen ions during the light dependent reactions. The role of carbon dioxide is to provide the matter for sugars which is the main output of photosynthesis.
electrons
sugars
carbon dioxide
light dependent reactions
light independent reactions
- 19. Multiple Choice
Fill in the blanks: The role of water molecules is to produce electrons and hydrogen ions during the light dependent reactions. The role of carbon dioxide is to provide the matter for ____________________ which is the main output of photosynthesis.
electrons
sugars
carbon dioxide
light dependent reactions
light independent reactions
- 20. Multiple Choice
Fill in the blanks: The role of water molecules is to produce electrons and hydrogen ions during the light dependent reactions. The role of ____________________ is to provide the matter for sugars which is the main output of photosynthesis.
electrons
sugars
carbon dioxide
light dependent reactions
light independent reactions
- 21. Multiple Choice
Fill in the blanks: The role of water molecules is to produce electrons and hydrogen ions during the ____________________. The role of carbon dioxide is to provide the matter for sugars which is the main output of photosynthesis.
electrons
sugars
carbon dioxide
light dependent reactions
light independent reactions
- 22. Multiple Choice
If the scientist’s predictions are shown to be accurate, then which conclusion about photosynthesis do they support? (HINT: Apply scientific principles such as the Law of Conservation of Mass.)
All of the matter in carbon dioxide is converted into sugars.
Some but not all of the matter in carbon dioxide is converted into sugars.
All of the matter in water is converted into oxygen gas.
All of the matter in carbon dioxide is converted into oxygen gas
- 23. Multiple Choice
The table that the scientist constructed does not include light. Describe the role of light in the scientist’s experiment. Then propose an explanation for why light was not included in the table.
Light provides the matter for the chemical reactions that take place during photosynthesis, and the table includes only energy, not matter.
Light provides the energy for the chemical reactions that take place during photosynthesis, and the table includes only matter, not energy.
Light plays no role in the scientist’s experiment and therefore was not included in the table.
Light is a product of the chemical reactions that take place during photosynthesis, and the table includes only reactants, not products.
- 24. Multiple Choice
Under normal conditions, gases diffuse through small holes in the leaves of a plant. When the weather is very hot and dry, plants may close these openings to conserve water. How are the closures most likely to affect photosynthesis?
They increase the rate of photosynthesis by increasing the amount of water in the leaf.
They decrease the rate of photosynthesis by preventing carbon dioxide from entering the leaf.
They increase the rate of photosynthesis by increasing the amount of oxygen in the leaf
They have little or no effect on photosynthesis because gases do not take part in the process.
- 25. Multiple Choice
Plants depend on a wide variety of carbon compounds, including carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. What best describes the role of photosynthesis in producing these compounds?
Photosynthesis produces 12-carbon molecules that can be broken apart into smaller compounds.
Photosynthesis produces ATP and NADPH that can be converted into other compounds.
Photosynthesis produces 3-carbon molecules that can be converted into other compounds.
Photosynthesis directly produces all classes of carbon compounds.
- 26. Multiple Choice
Researchers have been developing an artificial leaf, a device that mimics the actions of photosynthesis. The artificial leaf harnesses the energy of sunlight and uses it to provide energy for a series of chemical reactions. Potential products include hydrogen gas (H2) and methane gas (CH4). What is one way that the chemical processes of the artificial leaf are similar to photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide is released as a waste product.
The products contain high-energy chemical bonds.
The products are molecules made of 5 atoms at the most.
The products contain carbon, but not oxygen.
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