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- 1. Multiple ChoiceThe term "bone" can refer toa tissue, an organ or a type of cell.a tissue or an organ only.a tissue onlyan organ only.
- 2. Multiple ChoiceAll of the following are functions of bones exceptto provide a set point for the control of blood pressure and body temperature.to protect certain internal organs.to provide a source for red and white blood cells.to store inorganic salts.
- 3. Multiple ChoiceThe zygomatic bone is an example of a(n)irregular bone.short bone.flat bone.long bone.
- 4. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is not found associated with spongy bone?OsteonsTrabeculaeCanaliculiOsteocytes
- 5. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following groups of bones, based on shape, is associated with an incorrect example?Flat bones - thigh bonesLong bones - forearm bonesShort bones - wrist and ankle bonesIrregular bones - vertebrae
- 6. Multiple ChoiceCompact bone has ________, whereas spongy bone has __________.osteons; trabeculaespaces that reduce the weight of bone; tightly packed matrix that is solidtrabeculae; osteonsosteocytes; no osteocytes
- 7. Multiple ChoiceArticular cartilage of a long bone is foundon the outer surface of the epiphyses.inside the medullary cavity.on the outer surface of the diaphysis.in the spaces of the spongy bone.
- 8. Multiple ChoiceArticular cartilage ishyaline cartilage.fibrocartilage.elastic cartilage.found only in the knees and elbows.
- 9. Multiple ChoiceA six-month-old baby is admitted to the hospital with a broken bone. This is the third fracture in the otherwise healthy child. The parents are arrested on charges of child abuse. The defense lawyer gets the charges dropped after the results of genetic tests indicate which of the following conditions?Osteogenesis imperfectaPolydactylyOsteoporosisAnemia
- 10. Multiple ChoiceA bone thickensas compact bone is deposited beneath the periosteum of the diaphysis.as a result of increased activity within the epiphyseal plate.due to increased production of bone matrix by osteoclasts.as a result of cell division in the medullary cavity.
- 11. Multiple ChoiceA bone lengthensas a result of increased activity within the epiphyseal plate.as a result of cell division in the medullary cavity.due to increased production of bone matrix by osteoclasts.as compact bone is deposited beneath the periosteum of the diaphysis.
- 12. Multiple ChoiceOsteoblasts are ______, whereas osteocytes are ______.bone-forming cells; mature bone cellsbone-forming cells; bone-dissolving cellsmature bone cells; bone-forming cellsbone-dissolving cells; mature bone cells
- 13. Multiple ChoiceOsteoclasts arecells that break down bone matrix.cells that secrete bone matrix.mature bone cells that maintain the matrix.immature bone cells that give rise to osteocytes.
- 14. Multiple ChoiceIn a child, a vitamin D deficiency results in ______, whereas a vitamin A deficiency results in ______.rickets; retardation of bone developmentpituitary dwarfism; ricketsexcess calcium absorption; osteomalaciasoft bones; rickets
- 15. Multiple ChoicePituitary dwarfism results from a decreased secretion of ______ , which as a result decreases the rate of cell division of ______.growth hormone ; cartilage cells in the epiphyseal platethyroid hormones; osteocytes in the periosteumgrowth hormone; fat cells in the medullary cavitythyroid hormones; osteoclasts in the compact bone
- 16. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is not a step in endochondral bone formation?Hyaline cartilage changes to adipose tissue.Hyaline cartilage develops into the shape of the future bone.Periosteum forms from connective tissue outside the developing bone.Osteoblasts deposit osseous tissue in place of disintegrating cartilage.
- 17. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is(are) an example of an intramembranous bone?Broad, flat skull bonesPhalanges of the fingersHumerusFemur
- 18. Multiple ChoiceThe presence of an epiphyseal plate indicates that:the bone is lengthening.the bone is no longer lengthening.the bone is increasing in diameter.the bone has completed ossification.
- 19. Multiple ChoiceAt what age are nearly all bones completely ossified?25 years15 years. 5 yearsBirth
- 20. Multiple ChoiceWhich one of the following is true?Osteoblasts deposit bone matrix around themselves and become osteocytes when they are isolated in lacunae.Osteoblasts are large, multinucleated cells that break down calcified bone matrix.Osteoclasts secrete bone matrix and become osteoblasts.Osteoclasts deposit bone matrix around themselves and become osteocytes when they are isolated in lacunae.
- 21. Multiple ChoiceIt is possible to determine if a child's long bone is growing by examining a radiograph of theepiphyseal plate.diaphysismedullary cavityarticular cartilage
- 22. Multiple ChoiceEndochondral ossification ______, whereas intramembranous ossification ______.replaces hyaline cartilage; replaces undifferentiated connective tissueforms bone in broad, flat areas of the skull; occurs in the limbsinhibits osteoblast activity; activates osteoclast activityactivates osteoclasts; inhibits osteoblast activity
- 23. Multiple ChoiceThe thyroid hormone thyroxine ______.stimulates replacement of cartilage with bone in the epiphyseal plateincreases cartilage production in the epiphyseal plateremoves calcium from bonestimulates osteoclasts
- 24. Multiple ChoiceWhich is true of sex hormones?They stimulate ossification of the epiphyseal platesTheir action on bone growth is stronger in males than in femalesThey have no effect on boneThey inhibit osteoblast activity
- 25. Multiple ChoiceExercise ______ and _______ bones.thickens; strengthensthins; atrophieselongates; weakensthickens; elongates
- 26. Multiple ChoiceRed bone marrow functions in the formation ofred blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.red blood cells only.white blood cells only.red and white blood cells only.
- 27. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following describes the function(s) of the skeletal system?All of the above describe skeletal system functions.It interacts with muscles, providing movement.It stores inorganic salts.It protects organs, especially in the head and thorax.
- 28. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is the most abundant form in which calcium is found in the inorganic matrix of the bone?HydroxyapatiteCalcium oxalateCalcium pyrophosphateCalcium carbonate
- 29. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is not a function of bones?ContractionAttachment for musclesBlood cell productionStorage of inorganic salts
- 30. Multiple ChoiceBonesare multifunctional.are not living tissuedo not contribute to homeostasishave a matrix composed mostly of organic salts
- 31. Multiple ChoiceThe number of bones in the skeletal system isvariablethe same for everyonemore for males than femalesmore for females than males
- 32. Multiple ChoiceThe axial skeleton includesthe skull, hyoid bone, thoracic cage, and vertebral columnthe upper and lower limbs and pelvic and pectoral girdlesthe radius, ulna, carpals, and phalangesthe femur, tibia, and fibula
- 33. Multiple ChoiceThe sternum is part of theaxial skeletonpectoral girdlepelvic girdleappendicular skeleton
- 34. Multiple ChoiceThe pituitary gland is located in thesella turcicacribriform platesphenoidal sinusmandibular fossa
- 35. Multiple ChoiceThe hard palate is composed of themaxillary and palatine bonessphenoid and ethmoid bonesnasal conchae and vomer boneszygomatic and lacrimal bones
- 36. Multiple ChoiceThe zygomatic arch is composed of processes ofthe zygomatic and temporal bonesthe zygomatic and maxillary bonesthe maxillary and temporal bonesthe temporal and parietal bones
- 37. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following bones is not part of the orbit of the skull?VomerEthmoidSphenoidFrontal
- 38. Multiple ChoiceBacteria infecting the mucous membranes in the air cells of the mastoid process most likely spread from themiddle earmeningesfrontal sinusmaxillary sinus
- 39. Multiple ChoiceA cleft palate results from incomplete development of themaxillaeethmoid bonemandiblevomer bone
- 40. Multiple ChoiceThe primary curves of the vertebral column are thethoracic and sacral curvaturescervical and lumbar curvaturescervical and thoracic curvatureslumbar and sacral curvatures
- 41. Multiple ChoiceThe secondary curves of the vertebral column are thecervical and lumbar curvaturescervical and thoracic curvaturesthoracic and sacral curvatureslumbar and sacral curvatures
- 42. Multiple ChoiceWhich three bones fuse to form the hip bone?the ilium, the ischium, and the pubisthe ischium, the coccyx, and the pubis.the ilium, the sacrum, and the pubis.the ilium, the femur, and the pubis.
- 43. Multiple ChoiceThe atlas is one of thecervical vertebraelumbar vertebraethoracic vertebraesacral vertebrae
- 44. Multiple ChoiceRibs that join the sternum directly by costal cartilages are calledtrue ribs.false ribs.floating ribs.vertebrochondral ribs.
- 45. Multiple ChoiceA sternal puncture is often used to obtain a sample ofred bone marrow.osteoblastsfibroblastsyellow bone marrow.
- 46. Multiple ChoiceThe claviclesprovide attachments for muscles of the back, chest, and upper limbs.provide attachments for muscles of the pelvic girdle and lower limbsare part of the axial skeletonare the strongest bones in the body
- 47. Multiple ChoiceThe three borders of the scapula are calledthe superior, lateral, and medial borders.the frontal, pivotal, and dorsal borders.the acromion process, coracoid process, and glenoid cavity.the supraspinous, infraspinous, and subscapular borders.
- 48. Multiple ChoicePhalanges areboth finger and toe bones.finger bones only.toe bones only.wrist and ankle bones.
- 49. Multiple ChoiceThe capitulum and trochlea are locatedat the distal end of the humerus.at the proximal end of the humerus.at the distal end of the ulna.in the hand.
- 50. Multiple ChoiceHaving extra digits is termedpolydactylypolyuriapolyploidypolydipsia
- 51. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following are components of the pelvic girdle?hip bonescoxal bonessacrumall of these
- 52. Multiple ChoiceThe acetabulum isa depression in the hip bone that receives the head of the femur.a protuberance in the hip bone that attaches to the head of the femur.the anterior portion of the hip bone.the prominence of the hip.
- 53. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following describes a female's pelvis compared to a male's pelvis?A cavity that is wider in all dimensions, with lighter bones.A cavity that is narrower in all dimensions, with lighter bones.A cavity that is wider in all dimensions, with heavier bones.A cavity that is narrower in all dimensions, with heavier bones.
- 54. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following describes the female pelvis compared to that of the male?The distance between the female ischial spines is greater.The angle of the female pubic arch is smaller.The obturator foramen is more oval in a female.The female iliac bones are less flared.
- 55. Multiple ChoiceThe femuris all of these.articulates with the patella.extends from the hip to the knee.is the longest bone in the body.
- 56. Multiple ChoiceThe talus, calcaneus, navicular, cuboid, and lateral, intermediate, and cuneiform bones are all part of thefoothandpelvisskull
- 57. Multiple ChoiceHeight begins to decrease on average after age30255065
- 58. Multiple ChoiceA compound fractureexposes the broken bone to the outsideincompletely breaks the bone in more than one placeis caused by a diseasecompletely breaks the bone in more than one place
- 59. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following correctly lists the steps of fracture repair in sequence?A hematoma forms, granulation tissue and fibrocartilage develop, osteoclasts and phagocytes clear away debris, bony callus forms.A hematoma forms, osteoblasts arrive and produce new bone tissue, osteoclasts and phagocytes clear away debris, granulation tissue forms.Phagocytes clear away debris, osteoblasts remove damaged bone tissue, and a hematoma formsA hematoma forms followed by formation of a bony callus that fibrocartilage replaces
- 60. Multiple ChoiceCells that remove excess bone tissue after fracture repair areosteoclasts and phagocytesosteoblasts and osteoclastschondrocytes and osteocytesfibroblasts and osteoblasts
- 61. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following increases the risk of developing osteoporosis?All of theseFamily history of the conditionLack of physical exerciseLow intake of dietary calcium
- 62. Multiple ChoiceEighty-year-old Evelyn takes a bisphosphonate drug once a month to keep her bones strong. She most likely hasosteoporosispolydactylyhematomaosteogenesis imperfecta
- 63. Multiple ChoiceBisphosphonates are drugs that slow the progress ofosteoporosisricketsmenopauseheart disease
- 64. Multiple ChoiceCurvatures of the spine produce all of the following exceptincreased heightlordosisscoliosiskyphosis
- 65. Multiple ChoiceThe appendiculart skeleton is composed of bones of thecraniumthoraxvertebral columnupper and lower appendages
- 66. Multiple ChoiceThe cranium is composed of a series of bonesthat remain unconnectedfused together at suturesthat contain no blood vesselsthat are long and rounded at the center
- 67. Multiple ChoiceAll of the following are functions of bones excepttemproal bonefrontal boneethmoid boneoccipital bone
- 68. Multiple ChoiceBoth the foramen magnum and the obdurator foramen arelarge holes in bonesnerve fibers that pass through the bonesarteries that sevice the bonesbones of the pelvic girdle
- 69. Multiple ChoiceAll of the following are markings of the temporal bones exceptthe mastoid processthe external auditory meatusthe styloid processthe xyphoid process
- 70. Multiple ChoiceThe cheekbone is formed by the processes of theoccipital and ethomoid processeszygomatic and temporal bonessphenoid and nasal bonesparietal and frontal bones
- 71. Multiple ChoiceA saddle-shaped depression in the spenoid bone holding the pituitary gland is themanubriumsella turicailiac crestcrista galli
- 72. Multiple ChoiceBoth the crista galli and the cribiform plates are found in theoccipital bonetemporal bonesphenoid boneethmoid bone
- 73. Multiple ChoiceBoth the maxillae and the palatine bones help to form thezygomatic processsternumhard palateolecrannon process
- 74. Multiple ChoiceAll of the following are various types of vertebrae exceptthe lumbar vertebraethe thoracic vertebraethe femoral vertebraethe cervical vertebrae
- 75. Multiple ChoiceScoliosis and kyphosis are conditions that result fromimproper formation of the sternumimproper curvature of the spinefailure of the skull bones to fuseimproper formation of the leg bones
- 76. Multiple ChoiceThe coccyx and the sacrum are the names oflower leg bonesfacial bonesvertebraebones of the sternum
- 77. Multiple ChoiceThe atlas and the axis are the names ofthe lower arm bonesthe first two vertebraethe pubic bonesthe last two vertebrae
- 78. Multiple ChoiceThe manubrium is theupper leg bonelower wrist boneupper bone of the sternumlower bone of the shoulder
- 79. Multiple ChoiceThe scapula is the bone of pectoral girdle that contains theacromion process and the coracoid processstyloid process and radial processthe scaphoid process and greater tuberclelesser trechanter and deltoid tuberosity
- 80. Multiple ChoiceThe glenoid fossa and the acetabulum are bothbones of the thoracic cagecarpalssockets where large bones articulateprocesses of the radius
- 81. Multiple ChoiceThe clavicle is a rod shaped bone of thepelvic girdlepectoral girdlelumbar vertebraepubic bone
- 82. Multiple ChoiceThe deltoid muscle attaches to the humerus at thedeltoid tuberositydeltoid tubercledeltoid fossadeltoid condyle
- 83. Multiple ChoiceAll of the following are names of the carpals exceptcapitatetrapezoidpisiformcuboidal
- 84. Multiple ChoiceAll of the fingers have three phalanges except thethumb, which has two phalangesindex finger, which has one phalangesring finger, which has four phalangespinkie, which has one phalanx
- 85. Multiple ChoiceThe area of the pelvis on which we sit is formed bythe pubis and ischiumtwo pubic bonesthe ilium and the pubistwo ischia
- 86. Multiple ChoiceAll of the following apply to the femur exceptthe greater trochantermedial malleoluslesser trochanterlateral chondyle
- 87. Multiple ChoiceAll of the following aapply to the femur exceptit joins with the pelivic girdle at the acetabulumit has a large, rounded headit meets the tibia and fibula at the knee jointit is one of the smallest bones in the body
- 88. Multiple ChoiceThe thin bone extendiing down the distal lateral portion of the legis the fibulacontains the tibial tuberosityfuses with the ischiumis the femur
- 89. Multiple ChoiceThe instep of the foot is formed byeleven phalangesfive metatarsalsseven tarsalsthe lower tibia
- 90. Multiple ChoiceThe smallest facial bones are thelacrimal bonesteethethmoid bonesVomer bones
- 91. Multiple ChoiceThe cranium is composed of 16 bones fused together at immovable joints called sutures.truefalse
- 92. Multiple ChoiceMany neck muscles attach to the temporal bones by means of the greaer trochanter.truefalse
- 93. Multiple ChoiceThe nasal cavity is divided into left and right chambers by a vertical partition called the ethmoid bone.truefalse
- 94. Multiple ChoiceThe spinous and tranverse processes of the vertebrae are sites of attachment for most ligaments of the back.truefalse
- 95. Multiple ChoiceThe socket in the pectroral dirdle that receives the upper are bone is called the acetabulum.truefalse
- 96. Multiple ChoiceThe pituitary gland lies in a depression of the sphenoid bone called the sella turcica.truefalse
- 97. Multiple ChoiceMembranous areas called fontanels are found in the newborn skull before the bones fuse to one another.truefalse
- 98. Multiple ChoiceThe hyoid bone is attached to the tongue.truefalse
- 99. Multiple ChoiceThe wrist bones of the human body are referred to as carpals.truefalse
- 100. Multiple ChoiceThe three bones that form the pelvic bone are the ilium, the ischium, and pubis.truefalse
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