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- 1. Multiple Choice
Long term energy, insulation for the body, and cushioning for vital organs, are all functions of which organic molecule?
carbohydrate
fat
protein
sugar
- 2. Multiple Choice
A scientist discovers a species of bacteria. The relative percentage of adenine base in its DNA is about 23%.
What is the expected percentage for the other three bases?
thymine: 27%; guanine: 27%; cytosine: 23%
thymine: 23%; guanine: 23%; cytosine: 23%
thymine: 23%; guanine: 27%; cytosine: 27%
thymine: 27%; guanine: 23%; cytosine: 23%
- 3. Multiple Choice
Carb-loading is a strategy that marathon runners have been known to do several days before a big race. This involves eating foods high in carbohydrates.
How does this benefit the athlete?
It increases the number of amino acids available to build muscle mass.
It increases the starches stored in the athlete's muscles.
It increases the storage of glycogen for energy in the muscles.
It increases body fat which warms and protects the muscles.
- 4. Multiple Choice
What is the fundamental element found in all organic compounds studied by chemists?
carbon
hydrogen
oxygen
nitrogen
- 5. Multiple Choice
Which chemical formula represents a carbohydrate and why?
CO2 because the ratio of O to C is 2:1.
C12H22O11 because the ratio of H to O is 2:1.
C2H7NO3S because the ratio of O to C is greater than 2:1.
CH3CH2CH2COOH because the ratio of H to O is greater than 2:1.
- 6. Multiple Choice
A student is reading about the chemical composition of a category of molecules. The molecules are found as repeating units of proteins.
What type of molecule are the repeating units?
amino acids
fatty acids
monosaccharides
nucleotides
- 7. Multiple Choice
Which factor best explains why lipids are important components of waterproof coatings of organisms?
Lipid molecules are polar and generally soluble in water.
Lipid molecules are polar and generally not soluble in water.
Lipid molecules are non-polar and generally not soluble in water.
Lipid molecules are non-polar and generally soluble in water.
- 8. Multiple Choice
In which form do proteins help transport oxygen and carbon dioxide in the human body?
enzymes
hemoglobin
hormones
keratin
- 9. Multiple Choice
Examine the section of nucleic acid. Which explanation best describes the molecule shown?
Structures X, Y, and Z represent a nucleotide of a double-stranded DNA molecule.
Structures X, Y, and Z represent a phosphate group of a double-stranded DNA molecule.
Structures X, Y, and Z represent an amino acid on an RNA molecule with a 5-carbon ribose sugar.
Structures X, Y, and Z represent a gene on an RNA molecule with a 5-carbon ribose sugar.
- 10. Multiple Choice
A student created a table that lists several features of an RNA molecule. The student made an error while creating the table. Which statement describes the change that the student needs to make in the table?
The type of base should be thymine instead of uracil.
The type of sugar should be ribose instead of deoxyribose.
The structure should be a double helix instead of a single strand.
The function should be to help in the synthesis of DNA instead of protein.
- 11. Multiple Choice
Use this diagram of the plasma membrane to answer the question. What class of molecule is shown in the enlarged portion of the diagram?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
- 12. Multiple Choice
The table describes the identities, components, and functions of four major classes of biological molecules, with some of the information missing. What are examples of proteins, as indicated by the letter "Z"?
fructose, ribose, sucrose
amylase, collagen, keratin
phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan
purines, pyrimidines, uracil
- 13. Multiple Choice
Consider the molecule in the diagram when answering the question.
What is the primary function of this molecule in the human body?
catalyze biochemical reactions
cell wall component
energy storage
store and transmit hereditary genetic information
- 14. Multiple Choice
Use the Venn diagram to compare and contrast two macromolecules.
What is the best title for the letter Q?
carbohydrates
lipids
nucleic acids
proteins
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