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- 1. Multiple Choice
Which type of organism is believed to have evolved MOST recently?
aerobic autotrophs
aerobic heterotrophs
anaerobic autotrophs
anaerobic heterotrophs
- 2. Multiple Choice
If a biologist wants to study biochemical evidence of evolution between organisms of two different species, what should he or she investigate?
similarity in amino acid sequences in the proteins of the two organisms
similarity in reproductive methods between the two organisms
similarity in skeletal structure between the two organisms
similarity in skin covering (fur, feathers, etc) between the two organisms
- 3. Multiple Choice
In 2003, a ship ran aground on an uninhabited island in the south Atlantic. Several mating pairs of birds (warblers) had been nesting on this ship. The birds escaped to the island where they established a colony of warblers. No other similar bird species inhabited this island, nor did warblers migrate to this island seasonally. This bird population increased steadily over the past decade, but population growth is slowing now and may reach its carrying capacity within several years.
Over the long term, what is reasonable prediction for what might happen to this species of warbler on the island?
the High genetic mutation rate in the isolated warblers will lead to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the population
The warbler species will become extinct as the birds use up all the available resources and nesting sites on the island
The warbler species will undergo adaptive radiation to occupy different niches due to population pressures
The warblers will experience a relatively high degree of gene flow that maintains genetic variety in population.
- 4. Multiple Choice
In a marine population, male guppies show highly variable patterns of colorful spots. The fish may either have small spots that help them blend with the surroundings or large, bright spots that increase the chances of being located by female fish.
Which change would most likely eliminate the trait of large, bright spots in male guppies.
Lack of sufficient food
presence of many predatory fish
increased competition for mating
increased space for nesting
- 5. Multiple Choice
Grasslands across the globe are characterized by frequent wildfires, droughts, and overgrazing by animals. The grasses in these grasslands have evolved to overcome these situations.
Which adaptation helps the grasses survive wildfires?
The grasses produce colorful flowers
The grasses lack extensive root systems
the points from which they grow are underground
The leaves are narrow, sharp, and long
- 6. Multiple Choice
which insect species is MOST CLOSELY related to F. mulus
A. louisa
C. butlerae
L. belfieldii
S. browserus
- 7. Multiple Choice
Which insect species is MOST DISTANTLY related to S. browderus?
A. whickerii
B. rajae
C. phillipensis
W. jufro
- 8. Multiple Choice
In the scenario illustrated in this figure, the cells possessing the mutation survived the initial application of an antibiotic, and those lacking the mutation did not. What concept is illustrated by this figure?
The bacteria exposed to the antibiotic are experiencing natural selection based on the presence
The population is experiencing genetic drift, and the bacteria without the mutation have survived solely by chance.
The population of bacteria is developing a higher percentage of organisms showing pesticide resistance.
The bacteria survived the initial antibiotic application, but they will all die if given a second dose of the bacteria that as mutated.
- 9. Multiple Choice
Which plant group was the FIRST to diverge in the lineage?
angiosperms
ferns
gymnosperms
mosses
- 10. Multiple Choice
what evolution process does this demonstration BEST model?
genetic drift
natural selection
punctuated equilibrium
temporal isolation
- 11. Multiple Choice
A student prepared two 25m2 raised garden plots with equal amounts of potting soil. The student selected 25 tomato stem cuttings from the same plant that were all seven inches long. He planted all stems at equal distances from the others in plot 1. In plot 2, he planted 25 tomato seeds and allowed them to grow into plants. After two months, he sprinkled spores of a pathogenic fungus in both plots. He plans to provide equal amounts of water to both plots and observe them for 15 days.
What is the most reasonable prediction for what the student will observe after 15 days?
More plants will survive in plot 1 because those plants were produced through asexual reproduction and are less genetically diverse.
More plants will survive in plot 1 because those plants were produced through asexual reproduction and are more genetically diverse.
More plants will survive in plot 2 because those plants were produced through sexual reproduction and are less genetically diverse.
More plants will survive in plot 2 because those plants were produced through sexual reproduction and are more genetically diverse.
- 12. Multiple Choice
Which statement describes how the types of reproduction MOST LIKELY evolved?
Asexual reproduction evolved after sexual reproduction and is used by all complex organisms
Sexual reproduction evolved after asexual reproduction and is used by all complex organisms
Asexual reproduction evolved after sexual reproduction and is used by all simple organisms
Sexual reproduction evolved after asexual reproduction and is used by all simple organisms.
- 13. Multiple Choice
The European garden snails that live in fields and hedges have yellow shells with stripes, whereas those that live in wooded habitats have brown shells without stripes. Why does natural selection favor genetic variation among European garden snails occupying different habitats?
It helps the snails avoid being seen by predators
It helps the snails adapt to different feeding behaviors
It helps the snails maintain a constant body temperature
It helps the snails limit themselves to a particular habitat
- 14. Multiple Choice
Based on the evidence in the table, how did the human fertilization process MOST LIKELY evolve?
The fertilization process evolved from budding and is currently the simplest form of reproduction
The fertilization process evolved from pollination and is currently the simplest form of reproduction
The fertilization process evolved from binary fission and is currently the most complex form of reproduction
The fertilization process evolved from conjugation and is currently the most complex form of reproduction.
- 15. Multiple Choice
Many biologists believe that the number of differences between amino acid sequences indicates how long ago species diverged from a common ancestor.
Based on this theory, which organism diverged from humans MOST recently?
Gorilla
Horse
Kangaroo
rhesus monkey
- 16. Multiple Choice
Which plant group was the FIRST to diverge in the lineage?
angiosperms
ferns
gymnosperms
Mosses
- 17. Multiple Choice
The phylogenetic tree shows the relationships among different plants.
Which plant group possess true roots and form seeds?
ferns and mosses
cycads and conifers
monocots and dicots
ginkgos and gnetophytes
- 18. Multiple Choice
Certain structural adaptations among the members of a population are passed on to future generations while others are not. What is the MOST LIKELY explanation?
The adaptations passed on are environmental changes and are favorable for the species
The adaptations passed on are genetic changes and are favorable for the species
The adaptations passed on are environmental changes and are unfavorable for the species
The adaptations passed on are genetic changes and are unfavorable for the species
- 19. Multiple Choice
If a fungal infection destroys all the trees that produce red flowers in the area, what will be expected to happen to the species of nectar-feeding bird?
The species of nectar-feeding bird will disappear from the area
The species of nectar-feeding bird will not be impacted by the disappearance of red flowers
The N1 variety will be eliminated, but the N2 variety will ensure the survival of the species in the area
The N1 variety will adapt to feed on yellow flowers, and the numbers of the N2 variety will decrease due to competition
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